Yunus 10:19
Jonah · Juz 11 · Page 210
وَمَا كَانَ ٱلنَّاسُ إِلَّآ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَٱخۡتَلَفُواْۚ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٩
And mankind was not but one community [united in religion], but [then] they differed. And if not for a word1 that preceded from your Lord, it would have been judged between them [immediately] concerning that over which they differ.
1 translator’s note
- Allāh's decree to allow time on earth for His creation or not to punish anyone before evidence has come to him. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-I'rab al-Muyassar
Medium
Change
Commentary on 10:19
﴿وما كان الناس إلا أمة واحدة فاختلفوا﴾: الواو استئنافية، والجملة بعدها مستأنفة لا محل لها من الإعراب، و﴿ما﴾ نافية، و﴿كان الناس﴾: كان فعل ماض ناقص ناسخ، والناس اسمها، و﴿إلا﴾ أداة حصر، و﴿أمة﴾ خبر كان، و﴿واحدة﴾ صفة، ﴿فاختلفوا﴾ عطف على المعنى، أي: كان الناس جميعًا على الحق فاختلفوا.
﴿ولولا كلمة سبقت من ربك لقضي بينهم فيما فيه يختلفون﴾: الواو عاطفة، و﴿لولا﴾ حرف امتناع لوجود، و﴿كلمة﴾ مبتدأ محذوف الخبر، وجملة ﴿سبقت﴾ صفة لـ﴿كلمة﴾، و﴿من ربك﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿سبقت﴾، و﴿لقضي﴾ اللام جواب لولا، وجملة ﴿قضي﴾ لا محل لها من الإعراب، لأنها جواب شرط غير جازم، ونائب الفاعل مستتر تقديره الأمر، و﴿بينهم﴾ ظرف متعلق بـ﴿قضي﴾، و﴿فيما﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿قضي﴾ أيضًا، و﴿فيه﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿يختلفون﴾ وجملة ﴿يختلفون﴾ صلة الموصول لا محل لها من الإعراب.
Page 210
10:15
وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَاتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٖ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَرۡجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا ٱئۡتِ بِقُرۡءَانٍ غَيۡرِ هَٰذَآ أَوۡ بَدِّلۡهُۚ قُلۡ مَا يَكُونُ لِيٓ أَنۡ أُبَدِّلَهُۥ مِن تِلۡقَآيِٕ نَفۡسِيٓۖ إِنۡ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيَّۖ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ إِنۡ عَصَيۡتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوۡمٍ عَظِيمٖ ١٥
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, those who do not expect the meeting with Us say, "Bring us a Qur’ān other than this or change it." Say, [O Muḥammad], "It is not for me to change it on my own accord. I only follow what is revealed to me. Indeed I fear, if I should disobey my Lord, the punishment of a tremendous Day."
10:16
قُل لَّوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا تَلَوۡتُهُۥ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡرَىٰكُم بِهِۦۖ فَقَدۡ لَبِثۡتُ فِيكُمۡ عُمُرٗا مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦٓۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٦
Say, "If Allāh had willed, I would not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you, for I had remained among you a lifetime before it.1 Then will you not reason?"
1 translator’s note
- The Prophet (ﷺ) lived among his people forty years before receiving any revelation. ↩
10:17
فَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّنِ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوۡ كَذَّبَ بِـَٔايَٰتِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ١٧
So who is more unjust than he who invents a lie about Allāh or denies His signs? Indeed, the criminals will not succeed.
10:18
وَيَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا يَضُرُّهُمۡ وَلَا يَنفَعُهُمۡ وَيَقُولُونَ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ شُفَعَٰٓؤُنَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ قُلۡ أَتُنَبِّـُٔونَ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَلَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ١٨
And they worship other than Allāh that which neither harms them nor benefits them, and they say, "These are our intercessors with Allāh." Say, "Do you inform Allāh of something He does not know in the heavens or on the earth?" Exalted is He and high above what they associate with Him.
10:19
وَمَا كَانَ ٱلنَّاسُ إِلَّآ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَٱخۡتَلَفُواْۚ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ فِيمَا فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٩
And mankind was not but one community [united in religion], but [then] they differed. And if not for a word1 that preceded from your Lord, it would have been judged between them [immediately] concerning that over which they differ.
1 translator’s note
- Allāh's decree to allow time on earth for His creation or not to punish anyone before evidence has come to him. ↩
10:20
وَيَقُولُونَ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦۖ فَقُلۡ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡغَيۡبُ لِلَّهِ فَٱنتَظِرُوٓاْ إِنِّي مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُنتَظِرِينَ ٢٠
And they say, "Why is a sign not sent down to him from his Lord?" So say, "The unseen is only for Allāh [to administer], so wait; indeed, I am with you among those who wait."