Yunus 10:47
Jonah · Juz 11 · Page 214
وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٖ رَّسُولٞۖ فَإِذَا جَآءَ رَسُولُهُمۡ قُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُم بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٤٧
And for every nation is a messenger. So when their messenger comes,1 it will be judged between them in justice, and they will not be wronged.
1 translator’s note
- To witness on the Day of Judgement. Another meaning is "Once a messenger has come [to them in this world]..." ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn al-Jawzi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 10:46–47
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَإمّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ﴾ قالَ المُفَسِّرُونَ: كانَتْ وقْعَةُ بَدْرٍ مِمّا أراهُ اللَّهُ في حَياتِهِ مِن عَذابِهِمْ. ﴿أوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ﴾ قَبْلَ أنْ نُرِيَكَ ﴿فَإلَيْنا مَرْجِعُهُمْ﴾ بَعْدَ المَوْتِ، والمَعْنى: إنْ لَمْ نَنْتَقِمْ مِنهم عاجِلًا، انْتَقَمْنا آجِلًا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ثُمَّ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلى ما يَفْعَلُونَ﴾ مِنَ الكُفْرِ والتَّكْذِيبِ. قالَ (p-٣٧)الفَرّاءُ: " ثُمَّ " هاهُنا عَطْفٌ، ولَوْ قِيلَ: مَعْناها هُناكَ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ، كانَ جائِزًا. وقالَ غَيْرُهُ: " ثُمَّ " هاهُنا بِمَعْنى الواوِ. وقَرَأ ابْنُ أبِي عَبْلَةَ: " ثَمَّ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ " بِفَتْحِ الثّاءِ، يُرادُ بِهِ: هُنالِكَ اللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فَإذا جاءَ رَسُولُهم قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ﴾ فِيهِ ثَلاثَةُ أقْوالٍ:
أحَدُها: إذا جاءَ في الدُّنْيا بَعْدَ الإذْنِ لَهُ في دُعائِهِمْ، قُضِيَ بَيْنَهم بِتَعْجِيلِ الِانْتِقامِ مِنهم، قالَهُ الحَسَنُ. وقالَ غَيْرُهُ: إذا جاءَهم في الدُّنْيا، حُكِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ عِنْدَ اتِّباعِهِ وخِلافِهِ بِالطّاعَةِ والمَعْصِيَةِ.
والثّانِي: إذا جاءَ يَوْمُ القِيامَةِ، قالَهُ مُجاهِدٌ. وقالَ غَيْرُهُ: إذا جاءَ شاهِدًا عَلَيْهِمْ.
والثّالِثُ: إذا جاءَ في القِيامَةِ وقَدْ كَذَّبُوهُ في الدُّنْيا، قالَهُ ابْنُ السّائِبِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿قُضِيَ بَيْنَهم بِالقِسْطِ﴾ فِيهِ قَوْلانِ: أحَدُهُما: بَيْنَ الأُمَّةِ، فَأُثِيبَ المُحْسِنُ وعُوقِبَ المُسِيءُ. والثّانِي: بَيْنَهم وبَيْنَ نَبِيِّهِمْ.
Page 214
10:43
وَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَنظُرُ إِلَيۡكَۚ أَفَأَنتَ تَهۡدِي ٱلۡعُمۡيَ وَلَوۡ كَانُواْ لَا يُبۡصِرُونَ ٤٣
And among them are those who look at you. But can you guide the blind although they will not [attempt to] see?
10:44
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَظۡلِمُ ٱلنَّاسَ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱلنَّاسَ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٤٤
Indeed, Allāh does not wrong the people at all, but it is the people who are wronging themselves.
10:45
وَيَوۡمَ يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ كَأَن لَّمۡ يَلۡبَثُوٓاْ إِلَّا سَاعَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلنَّهَارِ يَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ قَدۡ خَسِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِلِقَآءِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُهۡتَدِينَ ٤٥
And on the Day when He will gather them, [it will be] as if they had not remained [in the world] but an hour of the day, [and] they will know each other. Those will have lost who denied the meeting with Allāh and were not guided.
10:46
وَإِمَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعۡضَ ٱلَّذِي نَعِدُهُمۡ أَوۡ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِلَيۡنَا مَرۡجِعُهُمۡ ثُمَّ ٱللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفۡعَلُونَ ٤٦
And whether We show you some of what We promise them, [O Muḥammad], or We take you in death, to Us is their return; then, [either way], Allāh is a witness concerning what they are doing.
10:47
وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٖ رَّسُولٞۖ فَإِذَا جَآءَ رَسُولُهُمۡ قُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُم بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٤٧
And for every nation is a messenger. So when their messenger comes,1 it will be judged between them in justice, and they will not be wronged.
1 translator’s note
- To witness on the Day of Judgement. Another meaning is "Once a messenger has come [to them in this world]..." ↩
10:48
وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هَٰذَا ٱلۡوَعۡدُ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٤٨
And they say, "When is [the fulfillment of] this promise, if you should be truthful?"
10:49
قُل لَّآ أَمۡلِكُ لِنَفۡسِي ضَرّٗا وَلَا نَفۡعًا إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُۗ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌۚ إِذَا جَآءَ أَجَلُهُمۡ فَلَا يَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ سَاعَةٗ وَلَا يَسۡتَقۡدِمُونَ ٤٩
Say, "I possess not for myself any harm or benefit except what Allāh should will. For every nation is a [specified] term. When their time has come, then they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede [it]."
10:50
قُلۡ أَرَءَيۡتُمۡ إِنۡ أَتَىٰكُمۡ عَذَابُهُۥ بَيَٰتًا أَوۡ نَهَارٗا مَّاذَا يَسۡتَعۡجِلُ مِنۡهُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ٥٠
Say, "Have you considered: if His punishment should come to you by night or by day - for which [aspect] of it would the criminals be impatient?"1
1 translator’s note
- "Impatience" refers to the disbelievers' ridicule of the Prophet (ﷺ) by telling him to produce Allāh's punishment as proof of his truthfulness. ↩
10:51
أَثُمَّ إِذَا مَا وَقَعَ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦٓۚ ءَآلۡـَٰٔنَ وَقَدۡ كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَسۡتَعۡجِلُونَ ٥١
Then is it that when it has [actually] occurred you will believe in it? Now?1 And you were [once] for it impatient.2
10:52
ثُمَّ قِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ ٱلۡخُلۡدِ هَلۡ تُجۡزَوۡنَ إِلَّا بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡسِبُونَ ٥٢
Then it will be said to those who had wronged, "Taste the punishment of eternity; are you being recompensed except for what you used to earn?"
10:53
۞ وَيَسۡتَنۢبِـُٔونَكَ أَحَقٌّ هُوَۖ قُلۡ إِي وَرَبِّيٓ إِنَّهُۥ لَحَقّٞۖ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعۡجِزِينَ ٥٣
And they ask information of you, [O Muḥammad], "Is it true?" Say, "Yes, by my Lord. Indeed, it is truth; and you will not cause failure [to Allāh]."