Hud 11:44
Hud · Juz 12 · Page 226
وَقِيلَ يَٰٓأَرۡضُ ٱبۡلَعِي مَآءَكِ وَيَٰسَمَآءُ أَقۡلِعِي وَغِيضَ ٱلۡمَآءُ وَقُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ وَٱسۡتَوَتۡ عَلَى ٱلۡجُودِيِّۖ وَقِيلَ بُعۡدٗا لِّلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٤٤
And it was said, "O earth, swallow your water, and O sky, withhold [your rain]." And the water subsided, and the matter was accomplished, and it [i.e., the ship] came to rest on the [mountain of] Jūdiyy. And it was said, "Away with the wrongdoing people."
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Baydawi
Change
Commentary on 11:43–44
﴿قالَ سَآوِي إلى جَبَلٍ يَعْصِمُنِي مِنَ الماءِ﴾ أنْ يُغْرِقَنِي ﴿قالَ لا عاصِمَ اليَوْمَ مِن أمْرِ اللَّهِ إلا مَن رَحِمَ﴾ إلّا الرّاحِمَ وهو اللَّهُ تَعالى أوْ إلّا مَكانَ مَن رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ وهُمُ المُؤْمِنُونَ، رَدَّ بِذَلِكَ أنْ يَكُونَ اليَوْمَ مُعْتَصَمٌ مِن جَبَلٍ ونَحْوِهِ يَعْصِمُ اللّائِذَ بِهِ إلّا مُعْتَصَمَ المُؤْمِنِينَ وهو السَّفِينَةُ. وقِيلَ لا عاصِمَ بِمَعْنى لا ذا عِصْمَةٍ كَقَوْلِهِ:﴿فِي عِيشَةٍ راضِيَةٍ﴾ وقِيلَ الِاسْتِثْناءُ مُنْقَطِعٌ أيْ لَكِنْ مَن رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ يَعْصِمُهُ. ﴿وَحالَ بَيْنَهُما المَوْجُ﴾ بَيْنَ نُوحٍ وابْنِهِ أوْ بَيْنَ ابْنِهِ والجَبَلِ. ﴿فَكانَ مِنَ المُغْرَقِينَ﴾ فَصارَ مِنَ المُهْلَكِينَ بِالماءِ.
﴿وَقِيلَ يا أرْضُ ابْلَعِي ماءَكِ ويا سَماءُ أقْلِعِي﴾ نُودِيا بِما يُنادى بِهِ أُولُو العِلْمِ وأُمِرا بِما يُؤْمَرُونَ بِهِ، تَمْثِيلًا لِكَمالِ قُدْرَتِهِ وانْقِيادِهِما لِما يَشاءُ تَكْوِينُهُ فِيهِما بِالأمْرِ المُطاعِ الَّذِي يَأْمُرُ المُنْقادَ لِحُكْمِهِ المُبادِرَ إلى امْتِثالِ أمْرِهِ، مَهابَةً مِن عَظَمَتِهِ وخَشْيَةً مِن ألِيمِ عِقابِهِ، والبَلْعُ النَّشَفُ والإقْلاعُ الإمْساكَ. ﴿وَغِيضَ الماءُ﴾ نَقَصَ. ﴿وَقُضِيَ الأمْرُ﴾ وأُنْجِزَ ما وُعِدَ مِن إهْلاكِ الكافِرِينَ وإنْجاءِ المُؤْمِنِينَ. ﴿واسْتَوَتْ﴾ واسْتَقَرَّتِ السَّفِينَةُ. ﴿عَلى الجُودِيِّ﴾ جَبَلٍ بِالمَوْصِلِ وقِيلَ بِالشّامِ وقِيلَ بِآمَلَ.
رُوِيَ أنَّهُ رَكِبَ السَّفِينَةَ عاشِرَ رَجَبٍ ونَزَلَ عَنْها عاشِرَ المُحَرَّمِ فَصامَ ذَلِكَ اليَوْمَ فَصارَ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةً.
﴿وَقِيلَ بُعْدًا لِلْقَوْمِ الظّالِمِينَ﴾ هَلاكًا لَهم، يُقالُ: بَعُدَ بُعْدًا وبَعْدًا، إذا بَعُدَ بُعْدًا بَعِيدًا بِحَيْثُ لا يُرْجى عُودُهُ، ثُمَّ اسْتُعِيرَ لِلْهَلاكِ وخُصَّ بِدُعاءِ السُّوءِ، والآيَةُ في غايَةِ الفَصاحَةِ لِفَخامَةِ لَفْظِها وحَسُنِ نَظْمِها والدَّلالَةِ عَلى كُنْهِ الحالِ مَعَ الإيجازِ الخالِي عَنِ الإخْلالِ، وفي إيرادِ الأخْبارِ عَلى البِناءِ لِلْمَفْعُولِ دَلالَةٌ عَلى تَعْظِيمِ الفاعِلِ، وأنَّهُ مُتَعَيِّنٌ في نَفْسِهِ مُسْتَغْنٍ عَنْ ذِكْرِهِ، إذْ لا يَذْهَبُ الوَهْمُ إلى غَيْرِهِ لِلْعِلْمِ بِأنَّ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ الأفْعالِ لا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْها سِوى الواحِدِ القَهّارِ.
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11:38
وَيَصۡنَعُ ٱلۡفُلۡكَ وَكُلَّمَا مَرَّ عَلَيۡهِ مَلَأٞ مِّن قَوۡمِهِۦ سَخِرُواْ مِنۡهُۚ قَالَ إِن تَسۡخَرُواْ مِنَّا فَإِنَّا نَسۡخَرُ مِنكُمۡ كَمَا تَسۡخَرُونَ ٣٨
And he constructed the ship, and whenever an assembly of the eminent of his people passed by him, they ridiculed him. He said, "If you ridicule us, then we will ridicule you just as you ridicule.
11:39
فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ مَن يَأۡتِيهِ عَذَابٞ يُخۡزِيهِ وَيَحِلُّ عَلَيۡهِ عَذَابٞ مُّقِيمٌ ٣٩
And you are going to know who will get a punishment that will disgrace him [on earth] and upon whom will descend an enduring punishment [in the Hereafter]."
11:40
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَ أَمۡرُنَا وَفَارَ ٱلتَّنُّورُ قُلۡنَا ٱحۡمِلۡ فِيهَا مِن كُلّٖ زَوۡجَيۡنِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِ وَأَهۡلَكَ إِلَّا مَن سَبَقَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡقَوۡلُ وَمَنۡ ءَامَنَۚ وَمَآ ءَامَنَ مَعَهُۥٓ إِلَّا قَلِيلٞ ٤٠
[So it was], until when Our command came and the oven overflowed,1 We said, "Load upon it [i.e., the ship] of each [creature] two mates and your family, except those about whom the word [i.e., decree] has preceded, and [include] whoever has believed." But none had believed with him, except a few.
1 translator’s note
- As a sign to Noah of the imminence of the flood. The tannūr is a large, rounded oven. The word can also mean the earth's lowlands. ↩
11:41
۞ وَقَالَ ٱرۡكَبُواْ فِيهَا بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ مَجۡر۪ىٰهَا وَمُرۡسَىٰهَآۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٤١
And [Noah] said, "Embark therein; in the name of Allāh [are] its course and its anchorage. Indeed, my Lord is Forgiving and Merciful."
11:42
وَهِيَ تَجۡرِي بِهِمۡ فِي مَوۡجٖ كَٱلۡجِبَالِ وَنَادَىٰ نُوحٌ ٱبۡنَهُۥ وَكَانَ فِي مَعۡزِلٖ يَٰبُنَيَّ ٱرۡكَب مَّعَنَا وَلَا تَكُن مَّعَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٤٢
And it sailed with them through waves like mountains, and Noah called to his son who was apart [from them], "O my son, come aboard with us and be not with the disbelievers."
11:43
قَالَ سَـَٔاوِيٓ إِلَىٰ جَبَلٖ يَعۡصِمُنِي مِنَ ٱلۡمَآءِۚ قَالَ لَا عَاصِمَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ مِنۡ أَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَۚ وَحَالَ بَيۡنَهُمَا ٱلۡمَوۡجُ فَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُغۡرَقِينَ ٤٣
[But] he said, "I will take refuge on a mountain to protect me from the water." [Noah] said, "There is no protector today from the decree of Allāh, except for whom He gives mercy." And the waves came between them, and he was among the drowned.
11:44
وَقِيلَ يَٰٓأَرۡضُ ٱبۡلَعِي مَآءَكِ وَيَٰسَمَآءُ أَقۡلِعِي وَغِيضَ ٱلۡمَآءُ وَقُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ وَٱسۡتَوَتۡ عَلَى ٱلۡجُودِيِّۖ وَقِيلَ بُعۡدٗا لِّلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٤٤
And it was said, "O earth, swallow your water, and O sky, withhold [your rain]." And the water subsided, and the matter was accomplished, and it [i.e., the ship] came to rest on the [mountain of] Jūdiyy. And it was said, "Away with the wrongdoing people."
11:45
وَنَادَىٰ نُوحٞ رَّبَّهُۥ فَقَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ ٱبۡنِي مِنۡ أَهۡلِي وَإِنَّ وَعۡدَكَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَأَنتَ أَحۡكَمُ ٱلۡحَٰكِمِينَ ٤٥
And Noah called to his Lord and said, "My Lord, indeed my son is of my family; and indeed, Your promise is true; and You are the most just of judges!"