Yusuf 12:21
Joseph · Juz 12 · Page 237
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِي ٱشۡتَرَىٰهُ مِن مِّصۡرَ لِٱمۡرَأَتِهِۦٓ أَكۡرِمِي مَثۡوَىٰهُ عَسَىٰٓ أَن يَنفَعَنَآ أَوۡ نَتَّخِذَهُۥ وَلَدٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ مَكَّنَّا لِيُوسُفَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلِنُعَلِّمَهُۥ مِن تَأۡوِيلِ ٱلۡأَحَادِيثِۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَالِبٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَمۡرِهِۦ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢١
And the one from Egypt1 who bought him said to his wife, "Make his residence comfortable. Perhaps he will benefit us, or we will adopt him as a son." And thus, We established Joseph in the land that We might teach him the interpretation of events [i.e., dreams]. And Allāh is predominant over His affair, but most of the people do not know.
1 translator’s note
- The minister in charge of supplies, whose title was al-ʿAzeez. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-I'rab al-Muyassar
Medium
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Commentary on 12:21
﴿وقال الذي اشتراه من مصر لامرأته أكرمي مثواه﴾: الواو عاطفة، وقال فعل ماض، و﴿الذي﴾ فاعل، وجملة اشتراه صلة الذي لا محل لها من الإعراب، و﴿من مصر﴾ حال، و﴿لامرأته﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿قال﴾، وجملة أكرمي مثواه مقول القول، وهي فعل وفاعل ومفعول.
﴿عسى أن ينفعنا أو نتخذه ولدا﴾: عسى من أفعال الرجاء، واسمها مستتر، وأن وما في حيزها خبرها، و﴿أو﴾ حرف عطف، ونتخذ فعل مضارع معطوف على ﴿ينفعنا﴾، والهاء مفعول به أول، وولدًا مفعول به ثان.
﴿وكذلك مكنا ليوسف في الأرض﴾: ﴿كذلك﴾ الكاف: اسم بمعنى مثل مبني على الفتح في محل نصب صفة لمصدر محذوف، والتقدير: وتمكينًا مثل ذلك التمكين مكَّنا، وذلك: ﴿ذا﴾ اسم إشارة في محل جر مضاف إليه، واللام للبعد، والكاف حرف خطاب، ومكنا فعل ماض وفاعل، و﴿ليوسف﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان به، و﴿في الأرض﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بمحذوف حال.
﴿ولنعلمه من تأويل الأحاديث﴾: الواو عاطفة، واللام للتعليل، ونعلمه فعل مضارع منصوب بأن مضمرة بعد اللام، والهاء مفعول به، والمصدر المؤول من أن والفعل مجرور باللام، والجار والمجرور متعلقان بـ﴿مكنا﴾، و﴿من تأويل الأحاديث﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿نعلمه﴾.
﴿والله غالب على أمره﴾: الواو استئنافية، و﴿الله﴾ مبتدأ، وغالب خبر، و﴿على أمره﴾ جار ومجرور متعلقان بـ﴿غالب﴾، والجملة مستأنفة لا محل لها من الإعراب.
﴿ولكن أكثر الناس لا يعلمون﴾: الواو حالية، ولكن حرف ناسخ، و﴿أكثر الناس﴾ اسمها، وجملة ﴿لا يعلمون﴾ خبرها.
Page 237
12:15
فَلَمَّا ذَهَبُواْ بِهِۦ وَأَجۡمَعُوٓاْ أَن يَجۡعَلُوهُ فِي غَيَٰبَتِ ٱلۡجُبِّۚ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِ لَتُنَبِّئَنَّهُم بِأَمۡرِهِمۡ هَٰذَا وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ١٥
So when they took him [out] and agreed to put him into the bottom of the well...1 But We inspired to him, "You will surely inform them [someday] about this affair of theirs while they do not perceive [your identity]."
1 translator’s note
- The conclusion of this sentence is estimated to be "...they tormented him." ↩
12:16
وَجَآءُوٓ أَبَاهُمۡ عِشَآءٗ يَبۡكُونَ ١٦
And they came to their father at night, weeping.
12:17
قَالُواْ يَٰٓأَبَانَآ إِنَّا ذَهَبۡنَا نَسۡتَبِقُ وَتَرَكۡنَا يُوسُفَ عِندَ مَتَٰعِنَا فَأَكَلَهُ ٱلذِّئۡبُۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ بِمُؤۡمِنٖ لَّنَا وَلَوۡ كُنَّا صَٰدِقِينَ ١٧
They said, "O our father, indeed we went racing each other and left Joseph with our possessions, and a wolf ate him. But you would not believe us, even if we were truthful."
12:18
وَجَآءُو عَلَىٰ قَمِيصِهِۦ بِدَمٖ كَذِبٖۚ قَالَ بَلۡ سَوَّلَتۡ لَكُمۡ أَنفُسُكُمۡ أَمۡرٗاۖ فَصَبۡرٞ جَمِيلٞۖ وَٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُسۡتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ ١٨
And they brought upon his shirt false blood.1 [Jacob] said, "Rather, your souls have enticed you to something, so patience is most fitting. And Allāh is the one sought for help against that which you describe."
1 translator’s note
- They had stained Joseph's shirt with the blood of a lamb but had forgotten to tear it, thereby arousing their father's suspicion. ↩
12:19
وَجَآءَتۡ سَيَّارَةٞ فَأَرۡسَلُواْ وَارِدَهُمۡ فَأَدۡلَىٰ دَلۡوَهُۥۖ قَالَ يَٰبُشۡرَىٰ هَٰذَا غُلَٰمٞۚ وَأَسَرُّوهُ بِضَٰعَةٗۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٩
And there came a company of travelers; then they sent their water drawer, and he let down his bucket. He said, "Good news! Here is a boy." And they concealed him, [taking him] as merchandise;1 and Allāh was Knowing of what they did.
1 translator’s note
- To be sold as a slave. ↩
12:20
وَشَرَوۡهُ بِثَمَنِۭ بَخۡسٖ دَرَٰهِمَ مَعۡدُودَةٖ وَكَانُواْ فِيهِ مِنَ ٱلزَّٰهِدِينَ ٢٠
And they sold him for a reduced price - a few dirhams - and they were, concerning him, of those content with little.
12:21
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِي ٱشۡتَرَىٰهُ مِن مِّصۡرَ لِٱمۡرَأَتِهِۦٓ أَكۡرِمِي مَثۡوَىٰهُ عَسَىٰٓ أَن يَنفَعَنَآ أَوۡ نَتَّخِذَهُۥ وَلَدٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ مَكَّنَّا لِيُوسُفَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلِنُعَلِّمَهُۥ مِن تَأۡوِيلِ ٱلۡأَحَادِيثِۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَالِبٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَمۡرِهِۦ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢١
And the one from Egypt1 who bought him said to his wife, "Make his residence comfortable. Perhaps he will benefit us, or we will adopt him as a son." And thus, We established Joseph in the land that We might teach him the interpretation of events [i.e., dreams]. And Allāh is predominant over His affair, but most of the people do not know.
1 translator’s note
- The minister in charge of supplies, whose title was al-ʿAzeez. ↩
12:22
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٢٢
And when he [i.e., Joseph] reached maturity, We gave him judgement and knowledge. And thus We reward the doers of good.