Yusuf 12:51
Joseph · Juz 12 · Page 241
قَالَ مَا خَطۡبُكُنَّ إِذۡ رَٰوَدتُّنَّ يُوسُفَ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦۚ قُلۡنَ حَٰشَ لِلَّهِ مَا عَلِمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ مِن سُوٓءٖۚ قَالَتِ ٱمۡرَأَتُ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ حَصۡحَصَ ٱلۡحَقُّ أَنَا۠ رَٰوَدتُّهُۥ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٥١
Said [the king to the women], "What was your condition when you sought to seduce Joseph?" They said, "Perfect is Allāh!1 We know about him no evil." The wife of al-ʿAzeez said, "Now the truth has become evident. It was I who sought to seduce him, and indeed, he is of the truthful.
1 translator’s note
- In His ability to create such purity of character. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Atiyya
Detailed
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Commentary on 12:51
قوله عزّ وجلّ:
﴿قالَ ما خَطْبُكُنَّ إذْ راوَدْتُنَّ يُوسُفَ عن نَفْسِهِ قُلْنَ حاشَ لِلَّهِ ما عَلِمْنا عَلَيْهِ مِن سُوءٍ قالَتِ امْرَأتُ العَزِيزِ الآنَ حَصْحَصَ الحَقُّ أنا راوَدْتُهُ عن نَفْسِهِ وإنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصادِقِينَ﴾
المَعْنى: فَجَمَعَ المَلِكُ النِسْوَةَ وامْرَأةَ العَزِيزِ مَعَهُنَّ، وقالَ لَهُنَّ: ﴿ما خَطْبُكُنَّ﴾ الآيَةُ، أيْ: أيُّ شَيْءٍ كانَتْ قِصَّتُكُنَّ؟ فَهو اسْتِدْعاءٌ مِنهُ أنْ يُعْلِمْنَهُ القِصَّةَ، فَجاوَبَ النِساءُ بِجَوابٍ جَيِّدٍ تَظْهَرُ مِنهُ بَراءَةُ أنْفُسِهِنَّ جُمْلَةً، وأعْطَيْنَ يُوسُفَ بَعْضَ بَراءَةٍ، وذَلِكَ أنَّ المَلِكَ لَمّا قَرَّرَ لَهُنَّ أنَّهُنَّ راوَدْنَهُ قُلْنَ -جَوابًا عن ذَلِكَ-: ﴿حاشَ لِلَّهِ﴾، وقَدْ يَحْتَمِلُ -عَلى بُعْدٍ- أنْ يَكُونَ قَوْلُهُنَّ: ﴿حاشَ لِلَّهِ﴾ في جِهَةِ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ السَلامُ، وقَوْلُهُنَّ: ﴿ما عَلِمْنا عَلَيْهِ مِن سُوءٍ﴾ لَيْسَ بِإبْراءٍ تامٍّ، وإنَّما كانَ الإبْراءُ التامُّ وصْفَ القِصَّةِ عَلى وجْهِها حَتّى يَتَقَرَّرَ الخَطَأُ في جِهَتَيْنِ، ولَوْ قُلْنَ: (ما عَلِمْنا عَلَيْهِ إلّا خَيْرًا) لَكانَ أدْخَلَ في التَبْرِئَةِ، وقَدْ بَوَّبَ البُخارِيُّ عَلى هَذِهِ الألْفاظِ عَلى أنَّها تَزْكِيَةٌ، وأدْخَلَ قَوْلَ أُسامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ في حَدِيثِ الإفْكِ: « (أهْلُكَ ولا نَعْلَمُ إلّا خَيْرًا)،» وأمّا مالِكٌ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَلا يَقْنَعُ بِهَذا في تَزْكِيَةِ الشاهِدِ؛ لِأنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِإثْباتِ العَدالَةِ.
قالَ بَعْضُ المُفَسِّرِينَ: فَلَمّا سَمِعَتْ زَوْجَةُ العَزِيزِ مَقالَتَهُنَّ وحَيْدَتَهُنَّ عَنِ الوُقُوعِ في (p-١٠٤)الخِزْيِ حَضَرَتْها نِيَّةٌ وتَحْقِيقٌ فَقالَتْ: ﴿الآنَ حَصْحَصَ الحَقُّ﴾. و"حَصْحَصَ" مَعْناهُ: تَبَيَّنَ بَعْدَ خَفائِهِ، كَذا قالَ الخَلِيلُ وغَيْرُهُ، وقِيلَ: هو مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الحِصَّةِ، أيْ بانَتْ حِصَّتُهُ مِن حِصَّةِ الباطِلِ، ثُمَّ أقَرَّتْ عَلى نَفْسِها بِالمُراوَدَةِ، والتَزَمَتِ الذَنْبَ، وأبْرَأتْ يُوسُفَ البَراءَةَ التامَّةَ.
Page 241
12:44
قَالُوٓاْ أَضۡغَٰثُ أَحۡلَٰمٖۖ وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِتَأۡوِيلِ ٱلۡأَحۡلَٰمِ بِعَٰلِمِينَ ٤٤
They said, "[It is but] a mixture of false dreams, and we are not learned in the interpretation of dreams."
12:45
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِي نَجَا مِنۡهُمَا وَٱدَّكَرَ بَعۡدَ أُمَّةٍ أَنَا۠ أُنَبِّئُكُم بِتَأۡوِيلِهِۦ فَأَرۡسِلُونِ ٤٥
But the one who was freed and remembered after a time said, "I will inform you of its interpretation, so send me forth."
12:46
يُوسُفُ أَيُّهَا ٱلصِّدِّيقُ أَفۡتِنَا فِي سَبۡعِ بَقَرَٰتٖ سِمَانٖ يَأۡكُلُهُنَّ سَبۡعٌ عِجَافٞ وَسَبۡعِ سُنۢبُلَٰتٍ خُضۡرٖ وَأُخَرَ يَابِسَٰتٖ لَّعَلِّيٓ أَرۡجِعُ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٤٦
[He said], "Joseph, O man of truth, explain to us about seven fat cows eaten by seven [that were] lean, and seven green spikes [of grain] and others [that were] dry - that I may return to the people [i.e., the king and his court]; perhaps they will know [about you]."
12:47
قَالَ تَزۡرَعُونَ سَبۡعَ سِنِينَ دَأَبٗا فَمَا حَصَدتُّمۡ فَذَرُوهُ فِي سُنۢبُلِهِۦٓ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّمَّا تَأۡكُلُونَ ٤٧
[Joseph] said, "You will plant for seven years consecutively; and what you harvest leave in its spikes, except a little from which you will eat.
12:48
ثُمَّ يَأۡتِي مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ سَبۡعٞ شِدَادٞ يَأۡكُلۡنَ مَا قَدَّمۡتُمۡ لَهُنَّ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّمَّا تُحۡصِنُونَ ٤٨
Then will come after that seven difficult [years] which will consume what you advanced [i.e., saved] for them, except a little from which you will store.
12:49
ثُمَّ يَأۡتِي مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَامٞ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ ٱلنَّاسُ وَفِيهِ يَعۡصِرُونَ ٤٩
Then will come after that a year in which the people will be given rain and in which they will press [olives and grapes]."
12:50
وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱئۡتُونِي بِهِۦۖ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُ ٱلرَّسُولُ قَالَ ٱرۡجِعۡ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَسۡـَٔلۡهُ مَا بَالُ ٱلنِّسۡوَةِ ٱلَّٰتِي قَطَّعۡنَ أَيۡدِيَهُنَّۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي بِكَيۡدِهِنَّ عَلِيمٞ ٥٠
And the king said, "Bring him to me." But when the messenger came to him, [Joseph] said, "Return to your master and ask him what is the case of the women who cut their hands. Indeed, my Lord is Knowing of their plan."
12:51
قَالَ مَا خَطۡبُكُنَّ إِذۡ رَٰوَدتُّنَّ يُوسُفَ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦۚ قُلۡنَ حَٰشَ لِلَّهِ مَا عَلِمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ مِن سُوٓءٖۚ قَالَتِ ٱمۡرَأَتُ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ حَصۡحَصَ ٱلۡحَقُّ أَنَا۠ رَٰوَدتُّهُۥ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٥١
Said [the king to the women], "What was your condition when you sought to seduce Joseph?" They said, "Perfect is Allāh!1 We know about him no evil." The wife of al-ʿAzeez said, "Now the truth has become evident. It was I who sought to seduce him, and indeed, he is of the truthful.
1 translator’s note
- In His ability to create such purity of character. ↩
12:52
ذَٰلِكَ لِيَعۡلَمَ أَنِّي لَمۡ أَخُنۡهُ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي كَيۡدَ ٱلۡخَآئِنِينَ ٥٢
That is so he [i.e., al-ʿAzeez] will know that I did not betray him in [his] absence and that Allāh does not guide the plan of betrayers.