An-Nahl 16:115
The Bee · Juz 14 · Page 280
إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَيۡتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحۡمَ ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦۖ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ غَيۡرَ بَاغٖ وَلَا عَادٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١١٥
He has only forbidden to you dead animals,1 blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh. But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit] - then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- Those not slaughtered or hunted expressly for food. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Ashur
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 16:115
﴿إنَّما حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ المَيْتَةَ والدَّمَ ولَحْمَ الخِنْزِيرِ وما أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ فَمَنُ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ ولا عادٍ فَإنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ﴾
هَذِهِ الجُمْلَةُ بَيانٌ لِمَضْمُونِ جُمْلَةِ ﴿فَكُلُوا مِمّا رَزَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ حَلالًا طَيِّبًا﴾ [النحل: ١١٤]؛ لِتَمْيِيزِ الطَّيِّبِ مِنَ الخَبِيثِ، فَإنَّ المَذْكُوراتِ في المُحَرَّماتِ هي خَبائِثُ خُبْثًا
صفحة ٣١٠
فِطْرِيًّا؛ لِأنَّ بَعْضَها مُفْسِدٌ لِتَوَلُّدِ الغِذاءِ؛ لِما يَشْتَمِلُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ المَضَرَّةِ، وتِلْكَ هي المَيْتَةُ، والدَّمُ، ولَحْمُ الخِنْزِيرِ. وبَعْضُها مُنافٍ لِلْفِطْرَةِ، وهو ما أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ؛ لِأنَّهُ مُنافٍ لِشُكْرِ المُنْعِمِ بِها، فاللَّهُ خَلَقَ الأنْعامَ، والمُشْرِكُونَ يَذْكُرُونَ اسْمَ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْها.
ولِإفادَةِ بَيانِ الحَلالِ الطَّيِّبِ بِهَذِهِ الجُمْلَةِ جِيءَ فِيها بِأداةِ الحَصْرِ، أيْ ما حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكم إلّا الأرْبَعَ المَذْكُوراتِ، فَبَقِيَ ما عَداها طَيِّبًا.
وهَذا بِالنَّظَرِ إلى الطِّيبِ والخُبْثِ بِالذّاتِ، وقَدْ يَعْرِضُ الخُبْثُ لِبَعْضِ المَطْعُوماتِ عَرْضًا.
ومُناسَبَةُ هَذا التَّحْدِيدِ في المُحَرَّماتِ أنَّ بَعْضَ المُسْلِمِينَ كانُوا بِأرْضِ غُرْبَةٍ، وقَدْ يُؤْكَلُ فِيها لَحْمُ الخِنْزِيرِ، وما أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ، وكانَ بَعْضُهم بِبَلَدٍ يُؤْكَلُ فِيهِ الدَّمُ وما أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ، وقَدْ مَضى تَفْسِيرُ نَظِيرِ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ في سُورَةِ البَقَرَةِ، والأنْعامِ.
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16:111
۞ يَوۡمَ تَأۡتِي كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ تُجَٰدِلُ عَن نَّفۡسِهَا وَتُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا عَمِلَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ١١١
On the Day when every soul will come disputing [i.e., pleading] for itself, and every soul will be fully compensated for what it did, and they will not be wronged [i.e., treated unjustly].
16:112
وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا قَرۡيَةٗ كَانَتۡ ءَامِنَةٗ مُّطۡمَئِنَّةٗ يَأۡتِيهَا رِزۡقُهَا رَغَدٗا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٖ فَكَفَرَتۡ بِأَنۡعُمِ ٱللَّهِ فَأَذَٰقَهَا ٱللَّهُ لِبَاسَ ٱلۡجُوعِ وَٱلۡخَوۡفِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ ١١٢
And Allāh presents an example: a city [i.e., Makkah] which was safe and secure, its provision coming to it in abundance from every location, but it denied the favors of Allāh. So Allāh made it taste the envelopment of hunger and fear for what they had been doing.
16:113
وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَهُمۡ رَسُولٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ وَهُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ١١٣
And there had certainly come to them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him; so punishment overtook them while they were wrongdoers.
16:114
فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا وَٱشۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ إِيَّاهُ تَعۡبُدُونَ ١١٤
Then eat of what Allāh has provided for you [which is] lawful and good. And be grateful for the favor of Allāh, if it is [indeed] Him that you worship.
16:115
إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَيۡتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحۡمَ ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦۖ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ غَيۡرَ بَاغٖ وَلَا عَادٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١١٥
He has only forbidden to you dead animals,1 blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh. But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit] - then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- Those not slaughtered or hunted expressly for food. ↩
16:116
وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَا تَصِفُ أَلۡسِنَتُكُمُ ٱلۡكَذِبَ هَٰذَا حَلَٰلٞ وَهَٰذَا حَرَامٞ لِّتَفۡتَرُواْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَفۡتَرُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَ لَا يُفۡلِحُونَ ١١٦
And do not say about what your tongues assert of untruth, "This is lawful and this is unlawful," to invent falsehood about Allāh. Indeed, those who invent falsehood about Allāh will not succeed.
16:117
مَتَٰعٞ قَلِيلٞ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١١٧
[It is but] a brief enjoyment, and they will have a painful punishment.
16:118
وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ حَرَّمۡنَا مَا قَصَصۡنَا عَلَيۡكَ مِن قَبۡلُۖ وَمَا ظَلَمۡنَٰهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١١٨
And to those who are Jews We have prohibited that which We related to you before.1 And We did not wrong them [thereby], but they were wronging themselves.
1 translator’s note
- See 6:146. ↩