Al-Kahf 18:13
The Cave · Juz 15 · Page 294
نَّحۡنُ نَقُصُّ عَلَيۡكَ نَبَأَهُم بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ إِنَّهُمۡ فِتۡيَةٌ ءَامَنُواْ بِرَبِّهِمۡ وَزِدۡنَٰهُمۡ هُدٗى ١٣
It is We who relate to you, [O Muḥammad], their story in truth. Indeed, they were youths who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Qurtubi
Detailed · Rulings, across the schools of law.
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Commentary on 18:13
قوله تعالى : نحن نقص عليك نبأهم بالحق إنهم فتية آمنوا بربهم وزدناهم هدى قوله تعالى : نحن نقص عليك نبأهم بالحق لما اقتضى قوله - تعالى - لنعلم أي الحزبين أحصى اختلافا وقع في أمد الفتية ، عقب بالخبر عن أنه - عز وجل - يعلم من أمرهم بالحق الذي وقع .وقوله تعالى : إنهم فتية أي شباب وأحداث حكم لهم بالفتوة حين آمنوا بلا واسطة ; كذلك قال أهل اللسان : رأس الفتوة الإيمان . وقال الجنيد : الفتوة بذل الندى وكف الأذى وترك الشكوى . وقيل : الفتوة اجتناب المحارم واستعجال المكارم . وقيل غير هذا . وهذا القول حسن جدا ; لأنه يعم بالمعنى جميع ما قيل في الفتوة .قوله تعالى : وزدناهم هدى أي يسرناهم للعمل الصالح ; من الانقطاع إلى الله - تعالى - ، ومباعدة الناس ، والزهد في الدنيا . وهذه زيادة على الإيمان . وقال السدي : زادهم هدى بكلب الراعي حين طردوه ورجموه مخافة أن ينبح عليهم وينبه بهم ; فرفع الكلب يديه إلى السماء كالداعي فأنطقه الله ، فقال : يا قوم لم تطردونني ، لم ترجمونني لم تضربونني فوالله لقد عرفت الله قبل أن تعرفوه بأربعين سنة ; فزادهم الله بذلك هدى .
Page 294
18:5
مَّا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنۡ عِلۡمٖ وَلَا لِأٓبَآئِهِمۡۚ كَبُرَتۡ كَلِمَةٗ تَخۡرُجُ مِنۡ أَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡۚ إِن يَقُولُونَ إِلَّا كَذِبٗا ٥
They have no knowledge of it,1 nor had their fathers. Grave is the word that comes out of their mouths; they speak not except a lie.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., they could not have had knowledge of something which is not true. ↩
18:6
فَلَعَلَّكَ بَٰخِعٞ نَّفۡسَكَ عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِمۡ إِن لَّمۡ يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَٰذَا ٱلۡحَدِيثِ أَسَفًا ٦
Then perhaps you would kill yourself through grief over them, [O Muḥammad], if they do not believe in this message, [and] out of sorrow.
18:7
إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَا مَا عَلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ زِينَةٗ لَّهَا لِنَبۡلُوَهُمۡ أَيُّهُمۡ أَحۡسَنُ عَمَلٗا ٧
Indeed, We have made that which is on the earth adornment for it that We may test them [as to] which of them is best in deed.
18:8
وَإِنَّا لَجَٰعِلُونَ مَا عَلَيۡهَا صَعِيدٗا جُرُزًا ٨
And indeed, We will make that which is upon it [into] a barren ground.
18:9
أَمۡ حَسِبۡتَ أَنَّ أَصۡحَٰبَ ٱلۡكَهۡفِ وَٱلرَّقِيمِ كَانُواْ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا عَجَبًا ٩
Or have you thought that the companions of the cave and the inscription were, among Our signs, a wonder?1
1 translator’s note
- Rather, it is only one of the many wonders of Allāh. ↩
18:10
إِذۡ أَوَى ٱلۡفِتۡيَةُ إِلَى ٱلۡكَهۡفِ فَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَآ ءَاتِنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ رَحۡمَةٗ وَهَيِّئۡ لَنَا مِنۡ أَمۡرِنَا رَشَدٗا ١٠
[Mention] when the youths retreated to the cave and said, "Our Lord, grant us from Yourself mercy and prepare for us from our affair right guidance."
18:11
فَضَرَبۡنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاذَانِهِمۡ فِي ٱلۡكَهۡفِ سِنِينَ عَدَدٗا ١١
So We cast [a cover of sleep] over their ears within the cave for a number of years.
18:12
ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَٰهُمۡ لِنَعۡلَمَ أَيُّ ٱلۡحِزۡبَيۡنِ أَحۡصَىٰ لِمَا لَبِثُوٓاْ أَمَدٗا ١٢
Then We awakened them that We might show which of the two factions was most precise in calculating what [extent] they had remained in time.
18:13
نَّحۡنُ نَقُصُّ عَلَيۡكَ نَبَأَهُم بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ إِنَّهُمۡ فِتۡيَةٌ ءَامَنُواْ بِرَبِّهِمۡ وَزِدۡنَٰهُمۡ هُدٗى ١٣
It is We who relate to you, [O Muḥammad], their story in truth. Indeed, they were youths who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance.
18:14
وَرَبَطۡنَا عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ إِذۡ قَامُواْ فَقَالُواْ رَبُّنَا رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ لَن نَّدۡعُوَاْ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ إِلَٰهٗاۖ لَّقَدۡ قُلۡنَآ إِذٗا شَطَطًا ١٤
And We bound [i.e., made firm] their hearts when they stood up and said, "Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. Never will we invoke besides Him any deity. We would have certainly spoken, then, an excessive transgression.
18:15
هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوۡمُنَا ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ ءَالِهَةٗۖ لَّوۡلَا يَأۡتُونَ عَلَيۡهِم بِسُلۡطَٰنِۭ بَيِّنٖۖ فَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّنِ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبٗا ١٥
These, our people, have taken besides Him deities. Why do they not bring for [worship of] them a clear evidence? And who is more unjust than one who invents about Allāh a lie?"