Al-Kahf 18:17
The Cave · Juz 15 · Page 295
۞ وَتَرَى ٱلشَّمۡسَ إِذَا طَلَعَت تَّزَٰوَرُ عَن كَهۡفِهِمۡ ذَاتَ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَإِذَا غَرَبَت تَّقۡرِضُهُمۡ ذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِ وَهُمۡ فِي فَجۡوَةٖ مِّنۡهُۚ ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِۗ مَن يَهۡدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلۡمُهۡتَدِۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلۡ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ وَلِيّٗا مُّرۡشِدٗا ١٧
And [had you been present], you would see the sun when it rose, inclining away from their cave on the right, and when it set, passing away from them on the left, while they were [lying] within an open space thereof. That was from the signs of Allāh. He whom Allāh guides is the [rightly] guided, but he whom He sends astray - never will you find for him a protecting guide.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Baydawi
Change
Commentary on 18:17
﴿وَتَرى الشَّمْسَ﴾ لَوْ رَأيْتَهم، والخِطابُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، أوْ لِكُلِّ أحَدٍ. ﴿إذا طَلَعَتْ تَزاوَرُ عَنْ كَهْفِهِمْ﴾ تَمِيلُ عَنْهُ ولا يَقَعُ شُعاعُها عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُؤْذِيهِمْ، لِأنَّ الكَهْفَ كانَ جَنُوبِيًّا، أوْ لِأنَّ اللَّهَ تَعالى زُوَّرَها عَنْهم. وأصْلُهُ تَتَزاوَرُ فَأُدْغِمَتِ التّاءُ في الزّايِ، وقَرَأ الكُوفِيُّونَ بِحَذْفِها وابْنُ عامِرٍ ويَعْقُوبُ « تَزْوَرُّ» كَتَحْمَرُّ، وقُرِئَ « تَزْوارُّ» كَتَحْمارُّ وكُلُّها مِنَ الزَّوْرِ بِمَعْنى المَيْلِ. ﴿ذاتَ اليَمِينِ﴾ جِهَةَ اليَمِينِ وحَقِيقَتُها الجِهَةُ ذاتُ اسْمِ اليَمِينِ. ﴿وَإذا غَرَبَتْ تَقْرِضُهُمْ﴾ تَقْطَعُهم وتَصْرُمُ عَنْهم. ﴿ذاتَ الشِّمالِ﴾ يَعْنِي يَمِينَ الكَهْفِ وشِمالَهُ لِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَهم في فَجْوَةٍ مِنهُ﴾ أيْ وهم في مُتَّسَعٍ مِنَ الكَهْفِ، يَعْنِي في وسَطِهِ بِحَيْثُ يَنالُهم رُوحُ الهَواءِ ولا يُؤْذِيهِمْ كَرْبُ الغارِ ولا حَرُّ الشَّمْسِ، وذَلِكَ لِأنَّ بابَ الكَهْفِ في مُقابَلَةِ بَناتِ نَعْشٍ، وأقْرَبُ المَشارِقِ والمَغارِبِ إلى مُحاذاتِهِ مَشْرِقُ رَأْسِ السَّرَطانِ ومَغْرِبُهُ، والشَّمْسُ إذا كانَ مَدارُها مَدارُهُ تَطْلُعُ مائِلَةً عَنْهُ مُقابَلَةً لِجانِبِهِ الأيْمَنِ وهو الَّذِي يَلِي المَغْرِبَ، وتَغْرُبُ مُحاذِيَةً لِجانِبِهِ الأيْسَرِ فَيَقَعُ شُعاعُها عَلى جانِبَيْهِ، ويُحَلِّلُ عُفُونَتَهُ ويُعَدِّلُ هَواءَهُ ولا يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُؤْذِي أجْسادَهم ويُبْلِي ثِيابَهم. ﴿ذَلِكَ مِن آياتِ اللَّهِ﴾ أيْ شَأْنُهم وإيواؤُهم إلى كَهْفٍ شَأْنُهُ كَذَلِكَ، أوْ إخْبارُكَ قِصَّتَهم، أوِ ازْوِرارُ الشَّمْسِ عَنْهم وقَرْضُها طالِعَةً وغارِبَةً مِن آياتِ اللَّهِ. ﴿مَن يَهْدِ اللَّهُ﴾ بِالتَّوْفِيقِ. ﴿فَهُوَ المُهْتَدِ﴾ الَّذِي أصابَ الفَلاحَ، والمُرادُ بِهِ إمّا الثَّناءُ عَلَيْهِمْ أوِ التَّنْبِيهُ عَلى أنَّ أمْثالَ هَذِهِ الآياتِ كَثِيرَةٌ ولَكِنَّ المُنْتَفِعَ بِها مَن وفَّقَهُ اللَّهُ لِلتَّأمُّلِ فِيها والِاسْتِبْصارِ بِها. ﴿وَمَن يُضْلِلْ﴾ ومَن يَخْذُلْهُ. ﴿فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ ولِيًّا مُرْشِدًا﴾ مَن يَلِيهِ ويُرْشِدُهُ.
Page 295
18:16
وَإِذِ ٱعۡتَزَلۡتُمُوهُمۡ وَمَا يَعۡبُدُونَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ فَأۡوُۥٓاْ إِلَى ٱلۡكَهۡفِ يَنشُرۡ لَكُمۡ رَبُّكُم مِّن رَّحۡمَتِهِۦ وَيُهَيِّئۡ لَكُم مِّنۡ أَمۡرِكُم مِّرۡفَقٗا ١٦
[The youths said to one another], "And when you have withdrawn from them and that which they worship other than Allāh, retreat to the cave. Your Lord will spread out for you of His mercy and will prepare for you from your affair facility."
18:17
۞ وَتَرَى ٱلشَّمۡسَ إِذَا طَلَعَت تَّزَٰوَرُ عَن كَهۡفِهِمۡ ذَاتَ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَإِذَا غَرَبَت تَّقۡرِضُهُمۡ ذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِ وَهُمۡ فِي فَجۡوَةٖ مِّنۡهُۚ ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِۗ مَن يَهۡدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلۡمُهۡتَدِۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلۡ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ وَلِيّٗا مُّرۡشِدٗا ١٧
And [had you been present], you would see the sun when it rose, inclining away from their cave on the right, and when it set, passing away from them on the left, while they were [lying] within an open space thereof. That was from the signs of Allāh. He whom Allāh guides is the [rightly] guided, but he whom He sends astray - never will you find for him a protecting guide.
18:18
وَتَحۡسَبُهُمۡ أَيۡقَاظٗا وَهُمۡ رُقُودٞۚ وَنُقَلِّبُهُمۡ ذَاتَ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِۖ وَكَلۡبُهُم بَٰسِطٞ ذِرَاعَيۡهِ بِٱلۡوَصِيدِۚ لَوِ ٱطَّلَعۡتَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ لَوَلَّيۡتَ مِنۡهُمۡ فِرَارٗا وَلَمُلِئۡتَ مِنۡهُمۡ رُعۡبٗا ١٨
And you would think them awake, while they were asleep. And We turned them to the right and to the left, while their dog stretched his forelegs at the entrance. If you had looked at them, you would have turned from them in flight and been filled by them with terror.
18:19
وَكَذَٰلِكَ بَعَثۡنَٰهُمۡ لِيَتَسَآءَلُواْ بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ قَالَ قَآئِلٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ كَمۡ لَبِثۡتُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَبِثۡنَا يَوۡمًا أَوۡ بَعۡضَ يَوۡمٖۚ قَالُواْ رَبُّكُمۡ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا لَبِثۡتُمۡ فَٱبۡعَثُوٓاْ أَحَدَكُم بِوَرِقِكُمۡ هَٰذِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ فَلۡيَنظُرۡ أَيُّهَآ أَزۡكَىٰ طَعَامٗا فَلۡيَأۡتِكُم بِرِزۡقٖ مِّنۡهُ وَلۡيَتَلَطَّفۡ وَلَا يُشۡعِرَنَّ بِكُمۡ أَحَدًا ١٩
And similarly,1 We awakened them that they might question one another. Said a speaker from among them, "How long have you remained [here]?" They said, "We have remained a day or part of a day." They said, "Your Lord is most knowing of how long you remained. So send one of you with this silver coin of yours to the city and let him look to which is the best of food and bring you provision from it and let him be cautious. And let no one be aware of you.
1 translator’s note
- By the will of Allāh. ↩
18:20
إِنَّهُمۡ إِن يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَيۡكُمۡ يَرۡجُمُوكُمۡ أَوۡ يُعِيدُوكُمۡ فِي مِلَّتِهِمۡ وَلَن تُفۡلِحُوٓاْ إِذًا أَبَدٗا ٢٠
Indeed, if they come to know of you, they will stone you or return you to their religion. And never would you succeed, then - ever."