Al-Kahf 18:88
The Cave · Juz 16 · Page 303
وَأَمَّا مَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلَهُۥ جَزَآءً ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۖ وَسَنَقُولُ لَهُۥ مِنۡ أَمۡرِنَا يُسۡرٗا ٨٨
But as for one who believes and does righteousness, he will have a reward of the best [i.e., Paradise], and we [i.e., Dhul-Qarnayn] will speak to him from our command with ease."
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 18:85–88
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ: ﴿فَأتْبَعَ سَبَبًا﴾ فِيهِ أرْبَعَةُ أوْجُهٍ: أحَدُها: مَنازِلُ الأرْضِ ومَعالِمُها.
الثّانِي: يَعْنِي طُرُقًا بَيْنَ المَشْرِقِ والمَغْرِبِ، قالَهُ مُجاهِدٌ، وقَتادَةُ.
الثّالِثُ: طَرِيقًا إلى ما أُرِيدَ مِنهُ.
الرّابِعُ: قَفا الأثَرَ، حَكاهُ ابْنُ الأنْبارِيِّ.
﴿حَتّى إذا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وجَدَها تَغْرُبُ في عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ﴾ قَرَأ نافِعٌ، وابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، وأبُو عَمْرٍو، وحَفْصٌ ﴿حَمِئَةٍ﴾ وفِيها وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: عَيْنُ ماءٍ ذاتُ حَمْأةٍ، قالَهُ مُجاهِدٌ، وقَتادَةُ.
الثّانِي: يَعْنِي طِينَةٌ سَوْداءُ، قالَهُ كَعْبٌ.
(p-٣٣٩)وَقَرَأ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، والحَسَنُ: في عَيْنٍ حامِيَةٍ وهي قِراءَةُ الباقِينَ يَعْنِي حارَّةً.
فَصارَ قَوْلًا ثالثًا: ولَيْسَ بِمُمْتَنِعٍ أنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ صِفَةً لِلْعَيْنِ أنْ تَكُونَ حَمِئَةً سَوْداءَ حامِيَةً، وقَدْ نُقِلَ مَأْثُورًا في شِعْرِ تُبَّعٍ وقَدْ وصَفَ ذا القَرْنَيْنِ بِما يُوافِقُ هَذا فَقالَ:
؎ قَدْ كانَ ذُو القَرْنَيْنِ قَبْلِيَ مُسْلِمًا مَلِكًا تَدِينُ لَهُ المُلُوكُ وتَسْجُدُ ∗∗∗ بَلَغَ المَشارِقَ والمَغارِبَ يَبْتَغِي ∗∗∗ أسْبابَ أمْرٍ مِن حَكِيمٍ مُرْشِدِ ∗∗∗ فَرَأى مَغِيبَ الشَّمْسِ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِها ∗∗∗ في عَيْنِ ذِي خُلُبٍ وثاطٍ حَرْمَدَ
الخُلُبُ: الطِّينُ.
والثَّأْطُ: الحَمْأةُ.
والحَرْمَدُ: الأسْوَدُ.
ثُمَّ فِيها وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّها تَغْرُبُ في نَفْسِ العَيْنِ.
الثّانِي: أنَّهُ وجَدَها تَغْرُبَ وراءَ العَيْنِ حَتّى كَأنَّها تَغِيبُ في نَفْسِ العَيْنِ.
﴿وَوَجَدَ عِنْدَها قَوْمًا قُلْنا يا ذا القَرْنَيْنِ إمّا أنْ تُعَذِّبَ وإمّا أنْ تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ خَيَّرَهُ في عِقابِهِمْ أوِ العَفْوِ عَنْهم.
الثّانِي: إمّا أنْ تُعَذِّبَ بِالقَتْلِ لِمَقامِهِمْ عَلى الشِّرْكِ وإمّا أنْ تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا بِأنْ تُمْسِكَهم بَعْدَ الأسْرِ لِتُعَلِّمَهُمُ الهُدى وتَسْتَنْقِذَهم مِنَ العَمى، فَحَكى مُقاتِلٌ أنَّهُ لَمْ يُؤْمَن مِنهم إلّا رَجُلٌ واحِدٌ.
Page 303
18:84
إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ سَبَبٗا ٨٤
Indeed, We established him upon the earth, and We gave him from everything a way [i.e., means].
18:85
فَأَتۡبَعَ سَبَبًا ٨٥
So he followed a way
18:86
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغۡرِبَ ٱلشَّمۡسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغۡرُبُ فِي عَيۡنٍ حَمِئَةٖ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوۡمٗاۖ قُلۡنَا يَٰذَا ٱلۡقَرۡنَيۡنِ إِمَّآ أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّآ أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمۡ حُسۡنٗا ٨٦
Until, when he reached the setting of the sun [i.e., the west], he found it [as if] setting in a body of dark water,1 and he found near it a people. We [i.e., Allāh] said, "O Dhul-Qarnayn, either you punish [them] or else adopt among them [a way of] goodness."
1 translator’s note
- Another meaning is "a body of hot water." ↩
18:87
قَالَ أَمَّا مَن ظَلَمَ فَسَوۡفَ نُعَذِّبُهُۥ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ فَيُعَذِّبُهُۥ عَذَابٗا نُّكۡرٗا ٨٧
He said, "As for one who wrongs,1 we will punish him. Then he will be returned to his Lord, and He will punish him with a terrible punishment [i.e., Hellfire].
1 translator’s note
- Persists in disbelief and rebellion. ↩
18:88
وَأَمَّا مَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلَهُۥ جَزَآءً ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۖ وَسَنَقُولُ لَهُۥ مِنۡ أَمۡرِنَا يُسۡرٗا ٨٨
But as for one who believes and does righteousness, he will have a reward of the best [i.e., Paradise], and we [i.e., Dhul-Qarnayn] will speak to him from our command with ease."
18:89
ثُمَّ أَتۡبَعَ سَبَبًا ٨٩
Then he followed a way
18:90
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَطۡلِعَ ٱلشَّمۡسِ وَجَدَهَا تَطۡلُعُ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ لَّمۡ نَجۡعَل لَّهُم مِّن دُونِهَا سِتۡرٗا ٩٠
Until, when he came to the rising of the sun [i.e., the east], he found it rising on a people for whom We had not made against it any shield.
18:91
كَذَٰلِكَۖ وَقَدۡ أَحَطۡنَا بِمَا لَدَيۡهِ خُبۡرٗا ٩١
Thus.1 And We had encompassed [all] that he had in knowledge.
1 translator’s note
- Such was the affair of Dhul-Qarnayn. ↩
18:92
ثُمَّ أَتۡبَعَ سَبَبًا ٩٢
Then he followed a way
18:93
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ بَيۡنَ ٱلسَّدَّيۡنِ وَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمَا قَوۡمٗا لَّا يَكَادُونَ يَفۡقَهُونَ قَوۡلٗا ٩٣
Until, when he reached [a pass] between two mountains, he found beside them a people who could hardly understand [his] speech.
18:94
قَالُواْ يَٰذَا ٱلۡقَرۡنَيۡنِ إِنَّ يَأۡجُوجَ وَمَأۡجُوجَ مُفۡسِدُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَهَلۡ نَجۡعَلُ لَكَ خَرۡجًا عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَجۡعَلَ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَهُمۡ سَدّٗا ٩٤
They said, "O Dhul-Qarnayn, indeed Gog and Magog1 are [great] corrupters in the land. So may we assign for you an expenditure that you might make between us and them a barrier?"
1 translator’s note
- Savage tribes who had ravaged large parts of central Asia, committing every kind of atrocity. ↩
18:95
قَالَ مَا مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيۡرٞ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجۡعَلۡ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُمۡ رَدۡمًا ٩٥
He said, "That in which my Lord has established me is better [than what you offer], but assist me with strength [i.e., manpower]; I will make between you and them a dam.
18:96
ءَاتُونِي زُبَرَ ٱلۡحَدِيدِۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا سَاوَىٰ بَيۡنَ ٱلصَّدَفَيۡنِ قَالَ ٱنفُخُواْۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَعَلَهُۥ نَارٗا قَالَ ءَاتُونِيٓ أُفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡهِ قِطۡرٗا ٩٦
Bring me bars of iron" - until, when he had leveled [them] between the two mountain walls, he said, "Blow [with bellows]," until when he had made it [like] fire, he said, "Bring me, that I may pour over it molten copper."
18:97
فَمَا ٱسۡطَٰعُوٓاْ أَن يَظۡهَرُوهُ وَمَا ٱسۡتَطَٰعُواْ لَهُۥ نَقۡبٗا ٩٧
So they [i.e., Gog and Magog] were unable to pass over it, nor were they able [to effect] in it any penetration.