Maryam 19:43
Mary · Juz 16 · Page 308
يَٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّي قَدۡ جَآءَنِي مِنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ مَا لَمۡ يَأۡتِكَ فَٱتَّبِعۡنِيٓ أَهۡدِكَ صِرَٰطٗا سَوِيّٗا ٤٣
O my father, indeed there has come to me of knowledge that which has not come to you, so follow me; I will guide you to an even path.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Ashur
Detailed
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Commentary on 19:43
﴿يا أبَتِ إنِّي قَدْ جاءَنِي مِنَ العِلْمِ ما لَمْ يَأْتِكَ فاتَّبِعْنِي أهْدِكَ صِراطًا سَوِيًّا﴾
إعادَةُ نِدائِهِ بِوَصْفِ الأُبُوَّةِ تَأْكِيدٌ لِإحْضارِ الذِّهْنِ ولِإمْحاضِ النَّصِيحَةِ المُسْتَفادِ مِنَ النِّداءِ الأوَّلِ. قالَ في الكَشّافِ: ثُمَّ ثَنّى بِدَعْوَتِهِ إلى الحَقِّ مُتَرَفِّقًا بِهِ مُتَلَطِّفًا، فَلَمْ يُسَمِّ أباهُ بِالجَهْلِ المُفْرِطِ ولا نَفْسَهَ بِالعِلْمِ الفائِقِ ولَكِنَّهُ قالَ: إنَّ مَعِي طائِفَةً مِنَ العِلْمِ لَيْسَتْ مَعَكَ، وذَلِكَ عِلْمُ الدَّلالَةِ عَلى الطَّرِيقِ السَّوِيِّ، فَلا تَسْتَنْكِفْ، وهَبْ أنِّي وإيّاكَ في مَسِيرٍ وعِنْدِي مَعْرِفَةٌ بِالهِدايَةِ دُونَكَ فاتَّبِعْنِي أُنْجِكَ مِن أنْ تَضِلَّ وتَتِيهَ اهـ. ذَلِكَ أنَّ أباهُ كانَ يَرى نَفْسَهَ عَلى عِلْمٍ عَظِيمٍ لِأنَّهُ كانَ كَبِيرَ دِيانَةِ قَوْمِهِ. وأرادَ إبْراهِيمُ عِلْمَ الوَحْيِ والنُّبُوءَةِ.وتَفْرِيعُ أمْرِهِ بِأنْ يَتَّبِعَهُ عَلى الإخْبارِ بِما عِنْدَهُ مِنَ العِلْمِ دَلِيلٌ عَلى أنَّ أحَقِّيَّةَ العالَمِ بِأنْ يُتَّبَعَ مَرْكُوزَةٌ في غَرِيزَةِ العُقُولِ لَمْ يَزَلِ
صفحة ١١٦
البَشَرُ يَتَقَصَّوْنَ مَظانَّ المَعْرِفَةِ والعِلْمِ لِجَلْبِ ما يَنْفَعُ واتِّقاءِ ما يَضُرُّ، قالَ تَعالى ﴿فاسْألُوا أهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ﴾ [النحل: ٤٣] .
وفِي قَوْلِهِ ﴿أهْدِكَ صِراطًا سَوِيًّا﴾ اسْتِعارَةٌ مَكْنِيَّةٌ، شُبِّهَ إبْراهِيمُ بِهادِي الطَّرِيقِ البَصِيرِ بِالثَّنايا، وإثْباتُ الصِّراطِ السَّوِيِّ قَرِينَةُ التَّشْبِيهِ، وهو أيْضًا اسْتِعارَةٌ مُصَرِّحَةٌ بِأنْ شُبِّهَ الِاعْتِقادُ المُوصِلُ إلى الحَقِّ والنَّجاةِ بِالطَّرِيقِ المُسْتَقِيمِ المُبَلِّغِ إلى المَقْصُودِ.
ويا أبَتِ تَقَدَّمَ الكَلامُ عَلى نَظِيرِهِ قَرِيبًا.
Page 308
19:39
وَأَنذِرۡهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحَسۡرَةِ إِذۡ قُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ وَهُمۡ فِي غَفۡلَةٖ وَهُمۡ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٣٩
And warn them, [O Muḥammad], of the Day of Regret, when the matter will be concluded;1 and [yet], they are in [a state of] heedlessness, and they do not believe.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., "judged" or "accomplished." ↩
19:40
إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نَرِثُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَنۡ عَلَيۡهَا وَإِلَيۡنَا يُرۡجَعُونَ ٤٠
Indeed, it is We who will inherit the earth and whoever is on it, and to Us they will be returned.
19:41
وَٱذۡكُرۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صِدِّيقٗا نَّبِيًّا ٤١
And mention in the Book [the story of] Abraham. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet.
19:42
إِذۡ قَالَ لِأَبِيهِ يَٰٓأَبَتِ لِمَ تَعۡبُدُ مَا لَا يَسۡمَعُ وَلَا يُبۡصِرُ وَلَا يُغۡنِي عَنكَ شَيۡـٔٗا ٤٢
[Mention] when he said to his father, "O my father, why do you worship that which does not hear and does not see and will not benefit you at all?
19:43
يَٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّي قَدۡ جَآءَنِي مِنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ مَا لَمۡ يَأۡتِكَ فَٱتَّبِعۡنِيٓ أَهۡدِكَ صِرَٰطٗا سَوِيّٗا ٤٣
O my father, indeed there has come to me of knowledge that which has not come to you, so follow me; I will guide you to an even path.
19:44
يَٰٓأَبَتِ لَا تَعۡبُدِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَۖ إِنَّ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ كَانَ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَصِيّٗا ٤٤
O my father, do not worship [i.e., obey] Satan. Indeed Satan has ever been, to the Most Merciful, disobedient.
19:45
يَٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ أَن يَمَسَّكَ عَذَابٞ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ فَتَكُونَ لِلشَّيۡطَٰنِ وَلِيّٗا ٤٥
O my father, indeed I fear that there will touch you a punishment from the Most Merciful so you would be to Satan a companion [in Hellfire]."
19:46
قَالَ أَرَاغِبٌ أَنتَ عَنۡ ءَالِهَتِي يَٰٓإِبۡرَٰهِيمُۖ لَئِن لَّمۡ تَنتَهِ لَأَرۡجُمَنَّكَۖ وَٱهۡجُرۡنِي مَلِيّٗا ٤٦
[His father] said, "Have you no desire for my gods, O Abraham? If you do not desist, I will surely stone you, so avoid me a prolonged time."
19:47
قَالَ سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيۡكَۖ سَأَسۡتَغۡفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّيٓۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ بِي حَفِيّٗا ٤٧
[Abraham] said, "Peace [i.e., safety] will be upon you.1 I will ask forgiveness for you of my Lord. Indeed, He is ever gracious to me.
1 translator’s note
- Meaning "You are secure" or "I will not harm you." ↩
19:48
وَأَعۡتَزِلُكُمۡ وَمَا تَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَأَدۡعُواْ رَبِّي عَسَىٰٓ أَلَّآ أَكُونَ بِدُعَآءِ رَبِّي شَقِيّٗا ٤٨
And I will leave you and those you invoke other than Allāh and will invoke1 my Lord. I expect that I will not be in invocation to my Lord unhappy [i.e., disappointed]."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., worship. ↩
19:49
فَلَمَّا ٱعۡتَزَلَهُمۡ وَمَا يَعۡبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥٓ إِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَۖ وَكُلّٗا جَعَلۡنَا نَبِيّٗا ٤٩
So when he had left them and those they worshipped other than Allāh, We gave him Isaac and Jacob, and each [of them] We made a prophet.
19:50
وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُم مِّن رَّحۡمَتِنَا وَجَعَلۡنَا لَهُمۡ لِسَانَ صِدۡقٍ عَلِيّٗا ٥٠
And We gave them of Our mercy, and We made for them a mention [i.e., reputation] of high honor.
19:51
وَٱذۡكُرۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مُوسَىٰٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مُخۡلَصٗا وَكَانَ رَسُولٗا نَّبِيّٗا ٥١
And mention in the Book, Moses. Indeed, he was chosen, and he was a messenger and a prophet.1
1 translator’s note
- A messenger (rasūl) is one who was charged by Allāh to reform society. A prophet (nabī) is one who received revelation from Allāh, the latter being more numerous than the former. ↩