Maryam 19:59
Mary · Juz 16 · Page 309
۞ فَخَلَفَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡ خَلۡفٌ أَضَاعُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِۖ فَسَوۡفَ يَلۡقَوۡنَ غَيًّا ٥٩
But there came after them successors [i.e., later generations] who neglected prayer and pursued desires; so they are going to meet evil1 -
1 translator’s note
- Described as a valley in Hell or may be rendered "the consequence of error." ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 19:59–60
(p-٣٧٩)قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فَخَلَفَ مِن بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ﴾ الآيَةِ.
في الفَرْقِ بَيْنَ الخَلْفِ بِتَسْكِينِ اللّامِ والخَلَفِ بِتَحْرِيكِها وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ بِالفَتْحِ إذا خَلَّفَهُ مَن كانَ مِن أهْلِهِ، وبِالتَّسْكِينِ إذا خَلَّفَهُ مَن لَيْسَ مِن أهْلِهِ.
الثّانِي: أنَّ الخَلْفَ بِالتَّسْكِينِ مُسْتَعْمَلٌ في الذَّمِّ، وبِالفَتْحِ مُسْتَعْمَلٌ في المَدْحِ، قالَ لَبِيدٌ:
؎ ذَهَبَ الَّذِينَ يُعاشُ في أكْنافِهِمْ وبَقِيتُ في خَلْفٍ كَجِلْدِ الأجْرَبِ
وَفِي هَذا الخَلْفِ قَوْلانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُمُ اليَهُودُ مِن بَعْدِ ما تَقَدَّمَ مِنَ الأنْبِياءِ، قالَهُ مُقاتِلٌ.
الثّانِي: أنَّهم مِنَ المُسْلِمِينَ.
فَعَلى هَذا في قَوْلِهِ ﴿مِن بَعْدِهِمْ﴾ قَوْلانِ: أحَدُهُما: مِن بَعْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، مِن عَصْرِ الصَّحابَةِ وإلى قِيامِ السّاعَةِ كَما رَوى الوَلِيدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ حَكاهُ إبْراهِيمُ عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ.
الثّانِي: إنَّهم مِن بَعْدِ عَصْرِ الصَّحابَةِ.
رَوى الوَلِيدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أبِي سَعِيدٍ قالَ: قالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: « (يَكُونُ بَعْدَ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً خَلْفٌ أضاعُوا الصَّلاةَ» .
الآيَةِ.
وَفي إضاعَتِهِمُ الصَّلاةَ قَوْلانِ: أحَدُهُما: تَأْخِيرُها عَنْ أوْقاتِها، قالَهُ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ العَزِيزِ.
الثّانِي: تَرْكُها، قالَهُ القُرَظِيُّ.
وَيَحْتَمِلُ ثالِثًا: أنْ تَكُونَ إضاعَتُها الإخْلالَ بِاسْتِيفاءِ شُرُوطِها.
(p-٣٨٠)﴿فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا﴾ فِيهِ خَمْسَةُ أقاوِيلَ: أحَدُها: أنَّهُ وادٍ في جَهَنَّمَ، قالَتْهُ عائِشَةُ وابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ.
الثّانِي: أنَّهُ الخُسْرانُ، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ.
الثّالِثُ: أنَّهُ الشَّرُّ، قالَهُ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ.
الرّابِعُ: الضَّلالُ عَنِ الجَنَّةِ.
الخامِسُ: الخَيْبَةُ، ومِنهُ قَوْلُ الشّاعِرِ:
؎ فَمَن يَلْقَ خَيِرًا يَحْمَدِ النّاسُ أمْرَهُ ∗∗∗ ومَن يَغْوَ لا يُعْدَمْ عَلى الغَيِّ لائِما
مَن يَغْوَ: أيْ مَن يَخِبْ.
Page 309
19:52
وَنَٰدَيۡنَٰهُ مِن جَانِبِ ٱلطُّورِ ٱلۡأَيۡمَنِ وَقَرَّبۡنَٰهُ نَجِيّٗا ٥٢
And We called him from the side of the mount1 at [his] right and brought him near, confiding [to him].
1 translator’s note
- Mount Sinai. ↩
19:53
وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥ مِن رَّحۡمَتِنَآ أَخَاهُ هَٰرُونَ نَبِيّٗا ٥٣
And We gave him out of Our mercy his brother Aaron as a prophet.
19:54
وَٱذۡكُرۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ إِسۡمَٰعِيلَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صَادِقَ ٱلۡوَعۡدِ وَكَانَ رَسُولٗا نَّبِيّٗا ٥٤
And mention in the Book, Ishmael. Indeed, he was true to his promise, and he was a messenger and a prophet.
19:55
وَكَانَ يَأۡمُرُ أَهۡلَهُۥ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱلزَّكَوٰةِ وَكَانَ عِندَ رَبِّهِۦ مَرۡضِيّٗا ٥٥
And he used to enjoin on his people prayer and zakāh and was to his Lord pleasing [i.e., accepted by Him].
19:56
وَٱذۡكُرۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ إِدۡرِيسَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صِدِّيقٗا نَّبِيّٗا ٥٦
And mention in the Book, Idrees. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet.
19:57
وَرَفَعۡنَٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا ٥٧
And We raised him to a high station.
19:58
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ مِن ذُرِّيَّةِ ءَادَمَ وَمِمَّنۡ حَمَلۡنَا مَعَ نُوحٖ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ وَمِمَّنۡ هَدَيۡنَا وَٱجۡتَبَيۡنَآۚ إِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ خَرُّواْۤ سُجَّدٗاۤ وَبُكِيّٗا۩ ٥٨
Those were the ones upon whom Allāh bestowed favor from among the prophets of the descendants of Adam and of those We carried [in the ship] with Noah, and of the descendants of Abraham and Israel [i.e., Jacob], and of those whom We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration and weeping.
19:59
۞ فَخَلَفَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡ خَلۡفٌ أَضَاعُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِۖ فَسَوۡفَ يَلۡقَوۡنَ غَيًّا ٥٩
But there came after them successors [i.e., later generations] who neglected prayer and pursued desires; so they are going to meet evil1 -
1 translator’s note
- Described as a valley in Hell or may be rendered "the consequence of error." ↩
19:60
إِلَّا مَن تَابَ وَءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يَدۡخُلُونَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظۡلَمُونَ شَيۡـٔٗا ٦٠
Except those who repent, believe and do righteousness; for those will enter Paradise and will not be wronged at all.
19:61
جَنَّٰتِ عَدۡنٍ ٱلَّتِي وَعَدَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ عِبَادَهُۥ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ وَعۡدُهُۥ مَأۡتِيّٗا ٦١
[Therein are] gardens of perpetual residence which the Most Merciful has promised His servants in the unseen. Indeed, His promise has ever been eminent.1
1 translator’s note
- Literally, "that to which all will come." ↩
19:62
لَّا يَسۡمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغۡوًا إِلَّا سَلَٰمٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ رِزۡقُهُمۡ فِيهَا بُكۡرَةٗ وَعَشِيّٗا ٦٢
They will not hear therein any ill speech - only [greetings of] peace - and they will have their provision therein, morning and afternoon.
19:63
تِلۡكَ ٱلۡجَنَّةُ ٱلَّتِي نُورِثُ مِنۡ عِبَادِنَا مَن كَانَ تَقِيّٗا ٦٣
That is Paradise, which We give as inheritance to those of Our servants who were fearing of Allāh.
19:64
وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمۡرِ رَبِّكَۖ لَهُۥ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِينَا وَمَا خَلۡفَنَا وَمَا بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَۚ وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيّٗا ٦٤
[Gabriel said],1 "And we [angels] descend not except by the order of your Lord. To Him belongs that before us and that behind us and what is in between. And never is your Lord forgetful -
1 translator’s note
- In answer to the Prophet's wish that Gabriel would visit him more often. ↩