Maryam 19:81
Mary · Juz 16 · Page 311
وَٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ ءَالِهَةٗ لِّيَكُونُواْ لَهُمۡ عِزّٗا ٨١
And they have taken besides Allāh [false] deities that they would be for them [a source of] honor.
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Ibn Kathir (abridged)
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Commentary on 19:81–84
The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship
Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make them victorious. Then, Allah mentions that the matter is not as they claim, and it will not be as they hope. He says,
كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَدَتِهِمْ
(Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) on the Day of Judgement.
وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
(and will become their adversaries.) This means that they will be foes in a state other than what they think about these gods. This is similar to Allah's statement,
وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَفِرِينَ
(And who is more astray than one who calls upon, besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.) 46:5-6 As-Suddi said,
كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَدَتِهِمْ
(Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) "This means their worshipping of the idols. " Allah said,
وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
(and will become their adversaries) contrary to what they hoped for from these gods. As-Suddi said,
وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
(and will become their adversaries.) "They will be in severe opposition and argument." Ad-Dahhak said,
وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
(and will become their adversaries.) "This means enemies."
The Power of the Devils over the Disbelievers
Concerning Allah's statement,
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّيَطِينَ عَلَى الْكَفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزّاً
(See you not that We have sent the Shayatin against the disbelievers to push them to do evil.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will lead them astray with temptation." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will incite them against Muhammad and his Companions." Qatadah said, "They will harass them and disturb them until they disobey Allah." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd said, "This is similar to Allah's statement,
وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ
(And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him.)" 43:36 Concerning Allah's statement,
فَلاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً
(So make no haste against them; We only count out to them a (limited) number.) This means, "Do not be hasty with the punishment that is going to befall them, O Muhammad."
إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً
(We only count out to them a number. ) This means, "We are only delaying them for a fixed appointment whose time is numbered. They are destined for that and there is no escaping the torment of Allah and His exemplary punishment." Allah says,
وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّلِمُونَ
(And consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do.) 14:42 And He says,
فَمَهِّلِ الْكَفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْداً
(So give a respite to the disbelievers; deal gently with them for a while.) 86:17 And Allah says,
إِنَّمَا نُمْلِى لَهُمْ لِيَزْدَادُواْ إِثْمَاً
(We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness.) 3:178
نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ
(We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment.) 31:24
قُلْ تَمَتَّعُواْ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ
(Say: "Enjoy! But certainly, your destination is the (Hell) Fire.") 14:30 As-Suddi said,
إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً
(We only count out to them a (limited) number. ) means years, months, days and hours."
يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَنِ وَفْداً
وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً
Page 311
19:77
أَفَرَءَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِي كَفَرَ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالٗا وَوَلَدًا ٧٧
Then, have you seen he who disbelieved in Our verses and said, "I will surely be given wealth and children [in the next life]"?
19:78
أَطَّلَعَ ٱلۡغَيۡبَ أَمِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَهۡدٗا ٧٨
Has he looked into the unseen, or has he taken from the Most Merciful a promise?
19:79
كـَلَّاۚ سَنَكۡتُبُ مَا يَقُولُ وَنَمُدُّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ مَدّٗا ٧٩
No! We will record what he says and extend [i.e., increase] for him from the punishment extensively.
19:80
وَنَرِثُهُۥ مَا يَقُولُ وَيَأۡتِينَا فَرۡدٗا ٨٠
And We will inherit him [in] what he mentions,1 and he will come to Us alone.
1 translator’s note
- Instead of giving him wealth and children in the Hereafter, Allāh will take from him those he had in worldly life at the time of his death. ↩
19:81
وَٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ ءَالِهَةٗ لِّيَكُونُواْ لَهُمۡ عِزّٗا ٨١
And they have taken besides Allāh [false] deities that they would be for them [a source of] honor.
19:82
كـَلَّاۚ سَيَكۡفُرُونَ بِعِبَادَتِهِمۡ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ضِدًّا ٨٢
No! They [i.e., those "gods"] will deny their worship of them and will be against them opponents [on the Day of Judgement].
19:83
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا ٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمۡ أَزّٗا ٨٣
Do you not see that We have sent the devils upon the disbelievers, inciting them [to evil] with [constant] incitement?
19:84
فَلَا تَعۡجَلۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمۡ عَدّٗا ٨٤
So be not impatient over them. We only count out [i.e., allow] to them a [limited] number.1
1 translator’s note
- Of breaths, of days, or of evil deeds. ↩
19:85
يَوۡمَ نَحۡشُرُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَفۡدٗا ٨٥
On the Day We will gather the righteous to the Most Merciful as a delegation
19:86
وَنَسُوقُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وِرۡدٗا ٨٦
And will drive the criminals to Hell in thirst
19:87
لَّا يَمۡلِكُونَ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَهۡدٗا ٨٧
None will have [power of] intercession except he who had taken from the Most Merciful a covenant.1
1 translator’s note
- Not to worship other than Him. ↩
19:88
وَقَالُواْ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وَلَدٗا ٨٨
And they say, "The Most Merciful has taken [for Himself] a son."
19:89
لَّقَدۡ جِئۡتُمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِدّٗا ٨٩
You have done an atrocious thing.
19:90
تَكَادُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ يَتَفَطَّرۡنَ مِنۡهُ وَتَنشَقُّ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَتَخِرُّ ٱلۡجِبَالُ هَدًّا ٩٠
The heavens almost rupture therefrom and the earth splits open and the mountains collapse in devastation
19:91
أَن دَعَوۡاْ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَلَدٗا ٩١
That they attribute to the Most Merciful a son.
19:92
وَمَا يَنۢبَغِي لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا ٩٢
And it is not appropriate for the Most Merciful that He should take a son.
19:93
إِن كُلُّ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَّآ ءَاتِي ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ عَبۡدٗا ٩٣
There is no one in the heavens and earth but that he comes to the Most Merciful as a servant.
19:94
لَّقَدۡ أَحۡصَىٰهُمۡ وَعَدَّهُمۡ عَدّٗا ٩٤
He has enumerated them and counted them a [full] counting.
19:95
وَكُلُّهُمۡ ءَاتِيهِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فَرۡدًا ٩٥
And all of them are coming to Him on the Day of Resurrection alone.
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