Al-Baqarah 2:140
The Cow · Juz 1 · Page 21
أَمۡ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ إِبۡرَٰهِـۧمَ وَإِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطَ كَانُواْ هُودًا أَوۡ نَصَٰرَىٰۗ قُلۡ ءَأَنتُمۡ أَعۡلَمُ أَمِ ٱللَّهُۗ وَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّن كَتَمَ شَهَٰدَةً عِندَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤٠
Or do you say that Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants were Jews or Christians? Say, "Are you more knowing or is Allāh?" And who is more unjust than one who conceals a testimony1 he has from Allāh? And Allāh is not unaware of what you do.
1 translator’s note
- Statements in previous scriptures attesting to the nature of Allāh's religion (Islām) and the coming of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) . ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Suyuti
Detailed
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Commentary on 2:139–141
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿قُلْ أتُحاجُّونَنا في اللَّهِ﴾ الآياتِ.
أخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿أتُحاجُّونَنا في اللَّهِ﴾ قالَ: أتُخاصِمُونَنا.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿أتُحاجُّونَنا﴾ أتُجادِلُونَنا.
(p-٧٣٠)وأخْرَجَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ مُجاهِدٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ومَن أظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَتَمَ شَهادَةً عِنْدَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ﴾ قالَ: في قَوْلِ يَهُودَ لِإبْراهِيمَ وإسْماعِيلَ ومَن ذُكِرَ مَعَهُما: أنَّهم كانُوا يَهُودَ أوْ نَصارى. فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ لَهم: لا تَكْتُمُوا مِنِّي شَهادَةً إنْ كانَتْ عِنْدَكُمْ، وقَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أنَّهم كاذِبُونَ.
وأخْرَجَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ قَتادَةَ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ومَن أظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَتَمَ شَهادَةً﴾ الآيَةَ، قالَ: أُولَئِكَ أهْلُ الكِتابِ كَتَمُوا الإسْلامَ وهم يَعْلَمُونَ أنَّهُ دِينُ اللَّهِ، واتَّخَذُوا اليَهُودِيَّةَ والنَّصْرانِيَّةَ وكَتَمُوا مُحَمَّدًا وهم يَعْلَمُونَ أنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنِ الحَسَنِ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ومَن أظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَتَمَ شَهادَةً عِنْدَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ﴾ قالَ: كانَ عِنْدَ القَوْمِ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَهادَةٌ أنَّ أنْبِياءَهُ بُرَآءُ مِنَ اليَهُودِيَّةِ والنَّصْرانِيَّةِ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ قَتادَةَ والرَّبِيعِ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿تِلْكَ أُمَّةٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ﴾ قالا: يَعْنِي إبْراهِيمَ وإسْماعِيلَ وإسْحاقَ ويَعْقُوبَ والأسْباطَ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ، وابْنُ مَرْدُوَيْهِ عَنْ أبِي المَلِيحِ قالَ: الأُمَّةُ ما بَيْنَ الأرْبَعِينَ إلى المِائَةِ فَصاعِدًا.
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2:135
وَقَالُواْ كُونُواْ هُودًا أَوۡ نَصَٰرَىٰ تَهۡتَدُواْۗ قُلۡ بَلۡ مِلَّةَ إِبۡرَٰهِـۧمَ حَنِيفٗاۖ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١٣٥
They say, "Be Jews or Christians [so] you will be guided." Say, "Rather, [we follow] the religion of Abraham, inclining toward truth, and he was not of the polytheists."1
1 translator’s note
- Those who associate others with Allāh in worship. ↩
2:136
قُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٰهِـۧمَ وَإِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطِ وَمَآ أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰ وَمَآ أُوتِيَ ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ ١٣٦
Say, [O believers], "We have believed in Allāh and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants [al-Asbāṭ]1 and what was given to Moses and Jesus and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him."
1 translator’s note
- The twelve tribes of Israel descended from Jacob. ↩
2:137
فَإِنۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِمِثۡلِ مَآ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ فَقَدِ ٱهۡتَدَواْۖ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنَّمَا هُمۡ فِي شِقَاقٖۖ فَسَيَكۡفِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّهُۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ١٣٧
So if they believe in the same as you believe in, then they have been [rightly] guided; but if they turn away, they are only in dissension, and Allāh will be sufficient for you against them. And He is the Hearing, the Knowing.
2:138
صِبۡغَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَنۡ أَحۡسَنُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ صِبۡغَةٗۖ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُۥ عَٰبِدُونَ ١٣٨
[And say, "Ours is] the religion of Allāh. And who is better than Allāh in [ordaining] religion? And we are worshippers of Him."
2:139
قُلۡ أَتُحَآجُّونَنَا فِي ٱللَّهِ وَهُوَ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمۡ وَلَنَآ أَعۡمَٰلُنَا وَلَكُمۡ أَعۡمَٰلُكُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُۥ مُخۡلِصُونَ ١٣٩
Say, [O Muḥammad], "Do you argue with us about Allāh while He is our Lord and your Lord? For us are our deeds, and for you are your deeds. And we are sincere [in deed and intention] to Him."
2:140
أَمۡ تَقُولُونَ إِنَّ إِبۡرَٰهِـۧمَ وَإِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطَ كَانُواْ هُودًا أَوۡ نَصَٰرَىٰۗ قُلۡ ءَأَنتُمۡ أَعۡلَمُ أَمِ ٱللَّهُۗ وَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّن كَتَمَ شَهَٰدَةً عِندَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤٠
Or do you say that Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants were Jews or Christians? Say, "Are you more knowing or is Allāh?" And who is more unjust than one who conceals a testimony1 he has from Allāh? And Allāh is not unaware of what you do.
1 translator’s note
- Statements in previous scriptures attesting to the nature of Allāh's religion (Islām) and the coming of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) . ↩
2:141
تِلۡكَ أُمَّةٞ قَدۡ خَلَتۡۖ لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتۡ وَلَكُم مَّا كَسَبۡتُمۡۖ وَلَا تُسۡـَٔلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤١
That is a nation which has passed on. It will have [the consequence of] what it earned, and you will have what you have earned. And you will not be asked about what they used to do.