Al-Baqarah 2:24
The Cow · Juz 1 · Page 4
فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُواْ وَلَن تَفۡعَلُواْ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِي وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلۡحِجَارَةُۖ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٤
But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire, whose fuel is people and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ash-Shinqiti
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Commentary on 2:24
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فاتَّقُوا النّارَ الَّتِي وقُودُها النّاسُ والحِجارَةُ﴾
هَذِهِ الحِجارَةُ قالَ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ العُلَماءِ: إنَّها حِجارَةٌ مِن كِبْرِيتٍ. وقالَ بَعْضُهم: إنَّها الأصْنامُ الَّتِي كانُوا يَعْبُدُونَها. وهَذا القَوْلُ يُبَيِّنُهُ ويَشْهَدُ لَهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿إنَّكم وما تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ﴾ .
⁕ ⁕ ⁕
قال المؤلف في (دفع إيهام الإضطراب عن آيات الكتاب):
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فاتَّقُوا النّارَ الَّتِي وقُودُها النّاسُ والحِجارَةُ﴾ الآيَةَ.
هَذِهِ الآيَةُ تَدُلُّ عَلى أنَّ هَذِهِ النّارَ كانَتْ مَعْرُوفَةً عِنْدَهم؛ بِدَلِيلِ ألِ العَهْدِيَّةِ، وقَدْ قالَ تَعالى في سُورَةِ ”التَّحْرِيمِ“: ﴿قُوا أنْفُسَكم وأهْلِيكم نارًا وقُودُها النّاسُ والحِجارَةُ﴾ [التحريم: ٦] .
فَتَنْكِيرُ النّارِ هُنا يَدُلُّ عَلى أنَّها لَمْ تَكُنْ مَعْرُوفَةً عِنْدَهم بِهَذِهِ الصِّفاتِ ووَجْهُ الجَمْعِ أنَّهم لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَعْلَمُونَ أنَّ مِن صِفاتِها كَوْنَ النّاسِ والحِجارَةِ وقُودًا لَها فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ ”التَّحْرِيمِ“ فَعَرَفُوا مِنها ذَلِكَ مِن صِفاتِ النّارِ، ثُمَّ لَمّا كانَتْ مَعْرُوفَةً عِنْدَهم نَزَلَتْ آيَةُ ”البَقَرَةِ“، فَعُرِّفَتْ فِيها النّارُ بِألِ العَهْدِيَّةِ لِأنَّها مَعْهُودَةٌ عِنْدَهم في آيَةِ ”التَّحْرِيمِ“ .
ذَكَرَ هَذا الجَمْعَ البَيْضاوِيُّ والخَطِيبُ في تَفْسِيرَيْهِما، وزَعَما أنَّ آيَةَ ”التَّحْرِيمِ“ نَزَلَتْ بِمَكَّةَ، وظاهِرُ القُرْءانِ يَدُلُّ عَلى هَذا الجَمْعِ لِأنَّ تَعْرِيفَ النّارِ هُنا بِألِ العَهْدِيَّةِ يَدُلُّ عَلى عَهْدٍ سابِقٍ، والمَوْصُولُ وصِلَتُهُ دَلِيلٌ عَلى العَهْدِ وعَدَمِ قَصْدِ الجِنْسِ، ولا يُنافِي ذَلِكَ أنَّ سُورَةَ ”التَّحْرِيمِ“ مَدَنِيَّةٌ، وأنَّ الظّاهِرَ نُزُولُها بَعْدَ ”البَقَرَةِ“ .
كَما رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ لِجَوازِ كَوْنِ الآيَةِ مَكِّيَّةً في سُورَةٍ مَدَنِيَّةٍ كالعَكْسِ.
Page 4
2:17
مَثَلُهُمۡ كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِي ٱسۡتَوۡقَدَ نَارٗا فَلَمَّآ أَضَآءَتۡ مَا حَوۡلَهُۥ ذَهَبَ ٱللَّهُ بِنُورِهِمۡ وَتَرَكَهُمۡ فِي ظُلُمَٰتٖ لَّا يُبۡصِرُونَ ١٧
Their example is that of one who kindled a fire, but when it illuminated what was around him, Allāh took away their light and left them in darkness [so] they could not see.
2:18
صُمُّۢ بُكۡمٌ عُمۡيٞ فَهُمۡ لَا يَرۡجِعُونَ ١٨
Deaf, dumb and blind - so they will not return [to the right path].
2:19
أَوۡ كَصَيِّبٖ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فِيهِ ظُلُمَٰتٞ وَرَعۡدٞ وَبَرۡقٞ يَجۡعَلُونَ أَصَٰبِعَهُمۡ فِيٓ ءَاذَانِهِم مِّنَ ٱلصَّوَٰعِقِ حَذَرَ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ مُحِيطُۢ بِٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٩
Or [it is] like a rainstorm from the sky within which is darkness, thunder and lightning. They put their fingers in their ears against the thunderclaps in dread of death. But Allāh is encompassing1 of the disbelievers.
1 translator’s note
- Allāh states in the Qur’ān that He has certain attributes such as hearing, sight, hands, face, mercy, anger, coming, encompassing, being above the Throne, etc. Yet, He has disassociated Himself from the limitations of human attributes or human imagination. Correct Islāmic belief requires faith in the existence of these attributes as Allāh has described them without applying to them any allegorical meanings or attempting to explain how a certain quality could be (while this is known only to Allāh) and without comparing them to creation or denying that He (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) would have such a quality. His attributes are befitting to Him alone, and "There is nothing like unto Him." (42:11) ↩
2:20
يَكَادُ ٱلۡبَرۡقُ يَخۡطَفُ أَبۡصَٰرَهُمۡۖ كُلَّمَآ أَضَآءَ لَهُم مَّشَوۡاْ فِيهِ وَإِذَآ أَظۡلَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ قَامُواْۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَذَهَبَ بِسَمۡعِهِمۡ وَأَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٢٠
The lightning almost snatches away their sight. Every time it lights [the way] for them, they walk therein; but when darkness comes over them, they stand [still]. And if Allāh had willed, He could have taken away their hearing and their sight. Indeed, Allāh is over all things competent.
2:21
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱعۡبُدُواْ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ٢١
O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous -
2:22
ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِرَٰشٗا وَٱلسَّمَآءَ بِنَآءٗ وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَخۡرَجَ بِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ رِزۡقٗا لَّكُمۡۖ فَلَا تَجۡعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ أَندَادٗا وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٢
[He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allāh equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him].
2:23
وَإِن كُنتُمۡ فِي رَيۡبٖ مِّمَّا نَزَّلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا فَأۡتُواْ بِسُورَةٖ مِّن مِّثۡلِهِۦ وَٱدۡعُواْ شُهَدَآءَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٢٣
And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down [i.e., the Qur’ān] upon Our Servant [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)], then produce a sūrah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses [i.e., supporters] other than Allāh, if you should be truthful.
2:24
فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُواْ وَلَن تَفۡعَلُواْ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِي وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلۡحِجَارَةُۖ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٤
But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire, whose fuel is people and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.