Al-Baqarah 2:246
The Cow · Juz 2 · Page 40
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذۡ قَالُواْ لِنَبِيّٖ لَّهُمُ ٱبۡعَثۡ لَنَا مَلِكٗا نُّقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ هَلۡ عَسَيۡتُمۡ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ أَلَّا تُقَٰتِلُواْۖ قَالُواْ وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نُقَٰتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَدۡ أُخۡرِجۡنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَبۡنَآئِنَاۖ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوۡاْ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٢٤٦
Have you not considered the assembly of the Children of Israel after [the time of] Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs, "Send to us a king, and we will fight in the way of Allāh"? He said, "Would you perhaps refrain from fighting if battle was prescribed for you?" They said, "And why should we not fight in the cause of Allāh when we have been driven out from our homes and from our children?" But when battle was prescribed for them, they turned away, except for a few of them. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Baydawi
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Commentary on 2:246
﴿ألَمْ تَرَ إلى المَلإ مِن بَنِي إسْرائِيلَ﴾ المَلَأُ جَماعَةٌ يَجْتَمِعُونَ لِلتَّشاوُرِ، ولا واحِدَ لَهُ كالقَوْمِ ومِن لِلتَّبْعِيضِ. ﴿مِن بَعْدِ مُوسى﴾ أيْ مِن بَعْدِ وفاتِهِ ومِن لِلِابْتِداءِ. ﴿إذْ قالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ﴾ هو يُوشَعُ، أوْ شَمْعُونُ، أوْ (p-150)شَمْوِيلُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلامُ. ﴿ابْعَثْ لَنا مَلِكًا نُقاتِلْ في سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ﴾ أقِمْ لَنا أمِيرًا نَنْهَضُ مَعَهُ لِلْقِتالِ يُدَبِّرُ أمْرَهُ ونُصْدُرُ فِيهِ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ، وجَزَمَ ﴿نُقاتِلْ﴾ عَلى الجَوابِ. وقُرِئَ بِالرَّفْعِ عَلى أنَّهُ حالٌ أيِ ابْعَثْهُ لَنا مُقَدِّرِينَ القِتالَ، ويُقاتِلُ بِالياءِ مَجْزُومًا ومَرْفُوعًا عَلى الجَوابِ والوَصْفِ لَمَلِكًا. ﴿قالَ هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ القِتالُ ألا تُقاتِلُوا﴾ فَصَلَ بَيْنَ عَسى وخَبَرِهِ بِالشَّرْطِ، والمَعْنى أتَوَقَّعُ جُبْنَكم عَنِ القِتالِ إنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ، فَأدْخَلَ هَلْ عَلى فِعْلِ التَّوَقُّعِ مُسْتَفْهِمًا عَمّا هو المُتَوَقَّعُ عِنْدَهُ تَقْرِيرًا وتَثْبِيتًا. وقَرَأ نافِعٌ عَسِيتُمْ بِكَسْرِ السِّينِ. ﴿قالُوا وما لَنا ألا نُقاتِلَ في سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وقَدْ أُخْرِجْنا مِن دِيارِنا وأبْنائِنا﴾ أيْ أيُّ غَرَضٍ لَنا في تَرْكِ القِتالِ وقَدْ عَرَضَ لَنا ما يُوجِبُهُ ويَحُثُّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الإخْراجِ عَنِ الأوْطانِ والإفْرادِ عَنِ الأوْلادِ، وذَلِكَ أنَّ جالُوتَ ومَن مَعَهُ مِنَ العَمالِقَةِ كانُوا يَسْكُنُونَ ساحِلَ بَحْرِ الرُّومِ بَيْنَ مِصْرَ وفِلَسْطِينَ، فَظَهَرُوا عَلى بَنِي إسْرائِيلَ فَأخَذُوا دِيارَهم وسَبَوْا أوْلادَهم وأسَرُوا مِن أبْناءِ المُلُوكِ أرْبَعَمِائَةٍ وأرْبَعِينَ. ﴿فَلَمّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ القِتالُ تَوَلَّوْا إلا قَلِيلا مِنهُمْ﴾ ثَلاثَمِائَةٍ وثَلاثَةَ عَشَرَ بِعَدَدِ أهْلِ بَدْرٍ ﴿واللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظّالِمِينَ﴾ وعِيدٌ لَهم عَلى ظُلْمِهِمْ في تَرْكِ الجِهادِ.
Page 40
2:246
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَلَإِ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذۡ قَالُواْ لِنَبِيّٖ لَّهُمُ ٱبۡعَثۡ لَنَا مَلِكٗا نُّقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ قَالَ هَلۡ عَسَيۡتُمۡ إِن كُتِبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ أَلَّا تُقَٰتِلُواْۖ قَالُواْ وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نُقَٰتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَدۡ أُخۡرِجۡنَا مِن دِيَٰرِنَا وَأَبۡنَآئِنَاۖ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ تَوَلَّوۡاْ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٢٤٦
Have you not considered the assembly of the Children of Israel after [the time of] Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs, "Send to us a king, and we will fight in the way of Allāh"? He said, "Would you perhaps refrain from fighting if battle was prescribed for you?" They said, "And why should we not fight in the cause of Allāh when we have been driven out from our homes and from our children?" But when battle was prescribed for them, they turned away, except for a few of them. And Allāh is Knowing of the wrongdoers.
2:247
وَقَالَ لَهُمۡ نَبِيُّهُمۡ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَدۡ بَعَثَ لَكُمۡ طَالُوتَ مَلِكٗاۚ قَالُوٓاْ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لَهُ ٱلۡمُلۡكُ عَلَيۡنَا وَنَحۡنُ أَحَقُّ بِٱلۡمُلۡكِ مِنۡهُ وَلَمۡ يُؤۡتَ سَعَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَالِۚ قَالَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱصۡطَفَىٰهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَزَادَهُۥ بَسۡطَةٗ فِي ٱلۡعِلۡمِ وَٱلۡجِسۡمِۖ وَٱللَّهُ يُؤۡتِي مُلۡكَهُۥ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٢٤٧
And their prophet said to them, "Indeed, Allāh has sent to you Saul as a king." They said, "How can he have kingship over us while we are more worthy of kingship than him and he has not been given any measure of wealth?" He said, "Indeed, Allāh has chosen him over you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and stature. And Allāh gives His sovereignty to whom He wills. And Allāh is all-Encompassing [in favor] and Knowing."
2:248
وَقَالَ لَهُمۡ نَبِيُّهُمۡ إِنَّ ءَايَةَ مُلۡكِهِۦٓ أَن يَأۡتِيَكُمُ ٱلتَّابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ وَبَقِيَّةٞ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ ءَالُ مُوسَىٰ وَءَالُ هَٰرُونَ تَحۡمِلُهُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٢٤٨
And their prophet said to them, "Indeed, a sign of his kingship is that the chest will come to you in which is assurance1 from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Moses and the family of Aaron had left, carried by the angels. Indeed in that is a sign for you, if you are believers."
1 translator’s note
- Signs giving reassurance. ↩