Al-Baqarah 2:251
The Cow · Juz 2 · Page 41
فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُلۡكَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ وَلَوۡلَا دَفۡعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعۡضَهُم بِبَعۡضٖ لَّفَسَدَتِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٢٥١
So they defeated them by permission of Allāh, and David killed Goliath, and Allāh gave him the kingship and wisdom [i.e., prophethood] and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allāh checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allāh is the possessor of bounty for the worlds.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Jami' al-Wajiz
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Commentary on 2:251
٢٥١ - ﴿فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ﴾ أي: غلبوهم وقهروهم بنصر الله لهم وبأمـره وإرادتـه ومشيئتـه ﴿وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ﴾ عليه السلام وكان في عسكر طالوت ﴿جَالُوتَ﴾ ملك العمـالقــة ﴿وَءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُلۡكَ﴾ فـي بني إسرائيــل ﴿وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ﴾ أي: النبوة، فجمع الله له-بأمره وفضله-الملك والنبوة، ولم يجتمعا لأحد قبلـه في بنـي إسرائيـل، وورثـه في ذلك ابنــه سليمان عليه السلام ﴿وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ ﴾ الله من العلم النافع الذي اختصه به. قيل: إن من ذلك تعليمه صنعة الحديد والدروع وآلة الحرب وإيتاءه الحكمة وفصل الخطاب والقضاء بين الناس.﴿وَلَوۡلَا دَفۡعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعۡضَهُم﴾ وهم الذين يباشرون أسباب الشر والفساد ﴿بِبَعۡضٖ﴾ آخر منهم، وهم الذين يكفّونهم عن الشر ويردّونهم عن الفساد، بالجهاد، والأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر. ﴿لَّفَسَدَتِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ﴾ بغلبة أهل الشر والفساد عليها، وإحداثهم فيها الشرور المهلكة للحرث والنسل. وفي الآية: بيان لفائدة الجهاد في سبيل الله. ونظير ذلك: قوله تعالى: (ولولا دفع الله الناس بعضهم ببعض لهدمت صوامع وبيع وصلوات ومساجد يذكر فيها اسم الله كثيراً)الحج: (٤٠). [وفي قراءة: بإثبات الألف بعد الفاء (دفاع)]. ﴿وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ﴾ أي: ذو منٍّ عليهم، ورحمة ولطف بهم، إذ دفع عنهم ببعضهم بعضاً، فله الحكمة البالغة، والحجة التامة على خلقه بما شرع وقدر.
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2:249
فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِٱلۡجُنُودِ قَالَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مُبۡتَلِيكُم بِنَهَرٖ فَمَن شَرِبَ مِنۡهُ فَلَيۡسَ مِنِّي وَمَن لَّمۡ يَطۡعَمۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنِّيٓ إِلَّا مَنِ ٱغۡتَرَفَ غُرۡفَةَۢ بِيَدِهِۦۚ فَشَرِبُواْ مِنۡهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۚ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهُۥ هُوَ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُۥ قَالُواْ لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا ٱلۡيَوۡمَ بِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِۦۚ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُم مُّلَٰقُواْ ٱللَّهِ كَم مِّن فِئَةٖ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتۡ فِئَةٗ كَثِيرَةَۢ بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ٢٤٩
And when Saul went forth with the soldiers, he said, "Indeed, Allāh will be testing you with a river. So whoever drinks from it is not of me, and whoever does not taste it is indeed of me, excepting one who takes [from it] in the hollow of his hand." But they drank from it, except a [very] few of them. Then when he had crossed it along with those who believed with him, they said, "There is no power for us today against Goliath and his soldiers." But those who were certain that they would meet Allāh said, "How many a small company has overcome a large company by permission of Allāh. And Allāh is with the patient."
2:250
وَلَمَّا بَرَزُواْ لِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِۦ قَالُواْ رَبَّنَآ أَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرٗا وَثَبِّتۡ أَقۡدَامَنَا وَٱنصُرۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٥٠
And when they went forth to [face] Goliath and his soldiers, they said, "Our Lord, pour upon us patience and plant firmly our feet and give us victory over the disbelieving people."
2:251
فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُلۡكَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ وَلَوۡلَا دَفۡعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعۡضَهُم بِبَعۡضٖ لَّفَسَدَتِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٢٥١
So they defeated them by permission of Allāh, and David killed Goliath, and Allāh gave him the kingship and wisdom [i.e., prophethood] and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allāh checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allāh is the possessor of bounty for the worlds.
2:252
تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتۡلُوهَا عَلَيۡكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ وَإِنَّكَ لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ٢٥٢
These are the verses of Allāh which We recite to you, [O Muḥammad], in truth. And indeed, you are from among the messengers.