Al-Baqarah 2:51
The Cow · Juz 1 · Page 8
وَإِذۡ وَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ ثُمَّ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ وَأَنتُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ٥١
And [recall] when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights. Then you took [for worship] the calf after him [i.e., his departure], while you were wrongdoers.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn al-Jawzi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 2:51
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَإذْ واعَدْنا مُوسى أرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً﴾ .
قَرَأ أبُو جَعْفَرٍ وأبُو عَمْرٍو: "وَعَدْنا" بِغَيْرِ ألِفٍ هاهُنا، وفي (الأعْرافِ) و(طَهَ) ووافَقَهُما أبانُ عَنْ عاصِمٍ في (البَقَرَةِ) خاصَّةً. وقَرَأ الباقُونَ "واعَدْنا" بِألِفٍ. ووَجْهُ القِراءَةِ الأُولى: إفْرادُ الوَعْدِ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعالى، ووَجْهُ الثّانِيَةِ: أنَّهُ لَمّا قَبِلَ مُوسى وعْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ، صارَ ذَلِكَ مُواعَدَةً بَيْنَ اللَّهِ تَعالى وبَيْنَ مُوسى. ومِثْلُهُ: ﴿لا تُواعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا﴾ [ البَقَرَةِ: ٢٣٥ ] .
وَمَعْنى الآَيَةِ: وعَدْنا مُوسى تَتِمَّةَ أرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً، أوِ انْقِضاءِ أرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً. ومُوسى: اسْمٌ أعْجَمِيٌّ، أصْلُهُ بِالعِبْرانِيَّةِ: مُوشا، فَمُو: هو الماءُ، وشا: هو الشَّجَرُ، لِأنَّهُ وجَدَ عِنْدَ (p-٨٠)الماءِ والشَّجَرِ، فَعَرَّبَ بِالسِّينِ. ولِماذا كانَ هَذا الوَعْدُ؟ فِيهِ قَوْلانِ. أحَدُهُما: لِأخْذِ التَّوْراةِ.
والثّانِي: لِلتَّكْلِيمِ. وفي هَذِهِ المُدَّةِ قَوْلانِ. أحَدُهُما: أنَّها ذُو القِعْدَةِ وعَشْرٌ مِن ذِي الحِجَّةِ، وهَذا قَوْلُ مَن قالَ: كانَ الوَعْدُ لِإعْطاءِ التَّوْراةِ. والثّانِي: أنَّها ذُو الحِجَّةِ وعَشْرٌ مِنَ المُحَرَّمِ، وهو قَوْلُ مَن قالَ: كانَ الوَعْدُ لِلتَّكْلِيمِ، وإنَّما ذُكِرَتِ اللَّيالِي دُونَ الأيامِ، لِأنَّ عادَةَ العَرَبِ التَّأْرِيخُ بِاللَّيالِي، لِأنَّ أوَّلَ شَهْرٍ لَيْلُهُ، واعْتِمادُ العَرَبِ عَلى الأهِلَّةِ، فَصارَتِ الأيّامُ تَبَعًا لِلَّيالِي. وقالَ أبُو بَكْرٍ النَّقّاشُ: إنَّما ذَكَرَ اللَّيالِي، لِأنَّهُ أمَرَهُ أنْ يَصُومَ هَذِهِ الأيّامَ ويُواصِلُها بِاللَّيالِي، فَلِذَلِكَ ذَكَرَ اللَّيالِيَ ولَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ.
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2:49
وَإِذۡ نَجَّيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ٤٩
And [recall] when We saved you [i.e., your forefathers] from the people of Pharaoh, who afflicted you with the worst torment, slaughtering your [newborn] sons and keeping your females alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.
2:50
وَإِذۡ فَرَقۡنَا بِكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَنجَيۡنَٰكُمۡ وَأَغۡرَقۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٠
And [recall] when We parted the sea for you and saved you and drowned the people of Pharaoh while you were looking on.
2:51
وَإِذۡ وَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ ثُمَّ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ وَأَنتُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ٥١
And [recall] when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights. Then you took [for worship] the calf after him [i.e., his departure], while you were wrongdoers.
2:52
ثُمَّ عَفَوۡنَا عَنكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٢
Then We forgave you after that so perhaps you would be grateful.
2:53
وَإِذۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ٥٣
And [recall] when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion1 that perhaps you would be guided.
1 translator’s note
- Differentiating between truth and falsehood. "The Scripture and criterion" refers to the Torah. ↩
2:54
وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ يَٰقَوۡمِ إِنَّكُمۡ ظَلَمۡتُمۡ أَنفُسَكُم بِٱتِّخَاذِكُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ فَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَٱقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ عِندَ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡكُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥٤
And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "O my people, indeed you have wronged yourselves by your taking of the calf [for worship]. So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves [i.e., the guilty among you]. That is best for [all of] you in the sight of your Creator." Then He accepted your repentance; indeed, He is the Accepting of Repentance, the Merciful.
2:55
وَإِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ يَٰمُوسَىٰ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّىٰ نَرَى ٱللَّهَ جَهۡرَةٗ فَأَخَذَتۡكُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٥
And [recall] when you said, "O Moses, we will never believe you until we see Allāh outright"; so the thunderbolt took you while you were looking on.
2:56
ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَٰكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَوۡتِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٦
Then We revived you after your death that perhaps you would be grateful.
2:57
وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡغَمَامَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٥٧
And We shaded you with clouds and sent down to you manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not - but they were [only] wronging themselves.