Al-Baqarah 2:53
The Cow · Juz 1 · Page 8
وَإِذۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ٥٣
And [recall] when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion1 that perhaps you would be guided.
1 translator’s note
- Differentiating between truth and falsehood. "The Scripture and criterion" refers to the Torah. ↩
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Commentary on 2:53
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَإذْ آتَيْنا مُوسى الكِتابَ والفُرْقانَ لَعَلَّكم تَهْتَدُونَ﴾
لظّاهِرُ في مَعْناهُ: أنَّ الفُرْقانَ هو الكِتابُ الَّذِي أُوتِيَهُ مُوسى، وأنَّما عَطَفَ عَلى نَفْسِهِ تَنْزِيلًا لِتَغايُرِ الصِّفاتِ مَنزِلَةَ تَغايُرِ الذَّواتِ؛ لِأنَّ ذَلِكَ الكِتابَ الَّذِي هو التَّوْراةُ مَوْصُوفٌ بِأمْرَيْنِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ مَكْتُوبٌ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ لِنَبِيِّهِ مُوسى عَلَيْهِ وعَلى نَبِيِّنا الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ.
والثّانِي: أنَّهُ فُرْقانٌ؛ أيْ: فارَقَ بَيْنَ الحَقِّ والباطِلِ، فَعَطَفَ الفُرْقانَ عَلى الكِتابِ، مَعَ أنَّهُ هو نَفْسُهُ نَظَرًا لِتَغايُرِ الصِّفَتَيْنِ، كَقَوْلِ الشّاعِرِ: [ المُتَقارِبُ ]
؎إلى المَلِكِ القَرْمِ وابْنِ الهُمامِ ولَيْثِ الكَتِيبَةِ في المُزْدَحِمِ
بَلْ رُبَّما عَطَفَتِ العَرَبُ الشَّيْءَ عَلى نَفْسِهِ مَعَ اخْتِلافِ اللَّفْظِ فَقَطْ، فاكْتَفُوا بِالمُغايَرَةِ في اللَّفْظِ. كَقَوْلِ الشّاعِرِ: [ البَسِيطُ ]
؎إنِّي لَأعْظُمُ في صَدْرِ الكَمِيِّ عَلى ∗∗∗ ما كانَ فِيَّ مِنَ التَّجْدِيرِ والقِصَرِ
القِصَرُ: هو التَّجْدِيرُ بِعَيْنِهِ، وقَوْلُ الآخَرِ: [ الوافِرُ ]
؎وَقَدَّدْتُ الأدِيمَ لِراهِشِيهِ ∗∗∗ وألْفى قَوْلُها كَذِبًا ومَيْنا
والمَيْنُ: هو الكَذِبُ بِعَيْنِهِ، وقَوْلُ الآخَرِ: [ الطَّوِيلُ ]
؎ألا حَبَّذا هِنْدٌ وأرْضٌ بِها هِنْدٌ ∗∗∗ وهِنْدٌ أتى مِن دُونِها النَّأْيُ والبُعْدُ
والبُعْدُ: هو النَّأْيُ بِعَيْنِهِ، وقَوْلُ عَنْتَرَةَ في مُعَلَّقَتِهِ: [ الكامِلُ ]
؎حُيِّيتَ مِن طَلَلٍ تَقادَمَ عَهْدُهُ ∗∗∗ أقْوى وأقْفَرَ بَعْدَ أُمِّ الهَيْثَمِ
والإقْفارُ: هو الإقْواءُ بِعَيْنِهِ.
والدَّلِيلُ مِنَ القُرْآنِ عَلى أنَّ الفُرْقانَ هو ما أُوتِيَهُ مُوسى.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى وهارُونَ الفُرْقانَ﴾ الآيَةَ [الأنبياء: ٤٨] .
Page 8
2:49
وَإِذۡ نَجَّيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ٤٩
And [recall] when We saved you [i.e., your forefathers] from the people of Pharaoh, who afflicted you with the worst torment, slaughtering your [newborn] sons and keeping your females alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.
2:50
وَإِذۡ فَرَقۡنَا بِكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَنجَيۡنَٰكُمۡ وَأَغۡرَقۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٠
And [recall] when We parted the sea for you and saved you and drowned the people of Pharaoh while you were looking on.
2:51
وَإِذۡ وَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ ثُمَّ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ وَأَنتُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ٥١
And [recall] when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights. Then you took [for worship] the calf after him [i.e., his departure], while you were wrongdoers.
2:52
ثُمَّ عَفَوۡنَا عَنكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٢
Then We forgave you after that so perhaps you would be grateful.
2:53
وَإِذۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ٥٣
And [recall] when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion1 that perhaps you would be guided.
1 translator’s note
- Differentiating between truth and falsehood. "The Scripture and criterion" refers to the Torah. ↩
2:54
وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ يَٰقَوۡمِ إِنَّكُمۡ ظَلَمۡتُمۡ أَنفُسَكُم بِٱتِّخَاذِكُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ فَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَٱقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ عِندَ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡكُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥٤
And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "O my people, indeed you have wronged yourselves by your taking of the calf [for worship]. So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves [i.e., the guilty among you]. That is best for [all of] you in the sight of your Creator." Then He accepted your repentance; indeed, He is the Accepting of Repentance, the Merciful.
2:55
وَإِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ يَٰمُوسَىٰ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّىٰ نَرَى ٱللَّهَ جَهۡرَةٗ فَأَخَذَتۡكُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٥
And [recall] when you said, "O Moses, we will never believe you until we see Allāh outright"; so the thunderbolt took you while you were looking on.
2:56
ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَٰكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَوۡتِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٦
Then We revived you after your death that perhaps you would be grateful.
2:57
وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡغَمَامَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٥٧
And We shaded you with clouds and sent down to you manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not - but they were [only] wronging themselves.