Al-Baqarah 2:60
The Cow · Juz 1 · Page 9
۞ وَإِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ فَقُلۡنَا ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنفَجَرَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۖ كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ مِن رِّزۡقِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا تَعۡثَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُفۡسِدِينَ ٦٠
And [recall] when Moses prayed for water for his people, so We said, "Strike with your staff the stone." And there gushed forth from it twelve springs, and every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. "Eat and drink from the provision of Allāh, and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption."
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
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Commentary on 2:60
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَإذِ اسْتَسْقى مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ﴾ تَقْدِيرُهُ: وإذِ اسْتَسْقانا مُوسى لِقَوْمِهِ، والِاسْتِسْقاءُ: طَلَبُ السَّقْيِ، والعَرَبُ تَقُولُ: سَقَيْتُهُ، وأسْقَيْتُهُ، فَقِيلَ: إنَّهُما لُغَتانِ ومَعْناهُما واحِدٌ، وقِيلَ: بَلْ سَقَيْتُهُ مِن سَقْيِ الشَّفَةِ، وأسْقَيْتُهُ: دَلَلْتُهُ عَلى الماءِ.
﴿فَقُلْنا اضْرِبْ بِعَصاكَ الحَجَرَ فانْفَجَرَتْ مِنهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا﴾: وفي الكَلامِ مَحْذُوفٌ، وتَقْدِيرُهُ: فَضَرَبَ فانْفَجَرَتْ مِنهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا.
والِانْفِجارُ: الِانْشِقاقُ، والِانْبِجاسُ أضْيَقُ مِنهُ، لِأنَّهُ يَكُونُ انْبِجاسًا ثُمَّ يَصِيرُ انْفِجارًا.
والعَيْنُ مِنَ الأسْماءِ المُشْتَرَكَةِ: فالعَيْنُ مِنَ الماءِ مُشَبَّهَةٌ بِالعَيْنِ مِنَ الحَيَوانِ، لِخُرُوجِ الماءِ مِنها، كَخُرُوجِ الدَّمْعِ مِن عَيْنِ الحَيَوانِ. (p-١٢٨)
فَأُمِرَ مُوسى عِنْدَ اسْتِسْقائِهِ، أنْ يَضْرِبَ بِعَصاهُ حَجَرًا مُرَبَّعًا طُورِيًّا (مِنَ الطُّورِ)، فانْفَجَرَتْ مِنهُ اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا، مِن كُلِّ جانِبٍ ثَلاثَةُ أعْيُنٍ.
﴿قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُناسٍ مَشْرَبَهُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي أنَّ لِكُلِّ سِبْطٍ مِنهم عَيْنًا، قَدْ عَرَفَها لا يَشْرَبُ مِن غَيْرِها، فَإذا ارْتَحَلُوا انْقَطَعَ ماؤُهُ، وحُمِلَ في الجُوالِقِ، وكانَ بِقَدْرِ الرَّأْسِ.
﴿وَلا تَعْثَوْا في الأرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ﴾ فِيهِ تَأْوِيلانِ: أحَدُهُما: مَعْناهُ لا تَطْغَوْا، وهَذا قَوْلُ ابْنِ زَيْدٍ.
والثّانِي: مَعْناهُ لا تَسْعَوْا في الأرْضِ مُفْسِدِينَ، وهو قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ، وأبِي العالِيَةِ الرِّياحِيِّ.
والعَيْثُ: شِدَّةُ الفَسادِ، ومِنهُ قَوْلُ رُؤْبَةَ:
؎ وعاثَ فِينا مُسْتَحِلٌّ عائِثُ مُصَدِّقٌ أوْ فاجِرٌ مُناكِثُ
Page 9
2:58
وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا ٱدۡخُلُواْ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةَ فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمۡ رَغَدٗا وَٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡبَابَ سُجَّدٗا وَقُولُواْ حِطَّةٞ نَّغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ خَطَٰيَٰكُمۡۚ وَسَنَزِيدُ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٥٨
And [recall] when We said, "Enter this city [i.e., Jerusalem] and eat from it wherever you will in [ease and] abundance, and enter the gate bowing humbly1 and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens [i.e., sins].' We will [then] forgive your sins for you, and We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."
1 translator’s note
- In gratitude to Allāh and admission of sin. ↩
2:59
فَبَدَّلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ قَوۡلًا غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمۡ فَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ رِجۡزٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ٥٩
But those who wronged changed [those words] to a statement other than that which had been said to them, so We sent down upon those who wronged a punishment [i.e., plague] from the sky because they were defiantly disobeying.
2:60
۞ وَإِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ فَقُلۡنَا ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنفَجَرَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۖ كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ مِن رِّزۡقِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا تَعۡثَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُفۡسِدِينَ ٦٠
And [recall] when Moses prayed for water for his people, so We said, "Strike with your staff the stone." And there gushed forth from it twelve springs, and every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. "Eat and drink from the provision of Allāh, and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption."
2:61
وَإِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ يَٰمُوسَىٰ لَن نَّصۡبِرَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامٖ وَٰحِدٖ فَٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُخۡرِجۡ لَنَا مِمَّا تُنۢبِتُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ مِنۢ بَقۡلِهَا وَقِثَّآئِهَا وَفُومِهَا وَعَدَسِهَا وَبَصَلِهَاۖ قَالَ أَتَسۡتَبۡدِلُونَ ٱلَّذِي هُوَ أَدۡنَىٰ بِٱلَّذِي هُوَ خَيۡرٌۚ ٱهۡبِطُواْ مِصۡرٗا فَإِنَّ لَكُم مَّا سَأَلۡتُمۡۗ وَضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ وَٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقۡتُلُونَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ٦١
And [recall] when you said, "O Moses, we can never endure one [kind of] food. So call upon your Lord to bring forth for us from the earth its green herbs and its cucumbers and its garlic and its lentils and its onions." [Moses] said, "Would you exchange what is better for what is less? Go into [any] settlement and indeed, you will have what you have asked." And they were covered with humiliation and poverty and returned with anger from Allāh [upon them]. That was because they [repeatedly] disbelieved in the signs of Allāh and killed the prophets without right. That was because they disobeyed and were [habitually] transgressing.