Taha 20:132
Ta-Ha · Juz 16 · Page 321
وَأۡمُرۡ أَهۡلَكَ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱصۡطَبِرۡ عَلَيۡهَاۖ لَا نَسۡـَٔلُكَ رِزۡقٗاۖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكَۗ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰ ١٣٢
And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein. We ask you not for provision; We provide for you, and the [best] outcome is for [those of] righteousness.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 20:131–132
قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ: ﴿وَلا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ أرادَ بِمَدِّ العَيْنِ النَّظَرَ.
الثّانِي: أرادَ بِهِ الأسَفَ.
﴿أزْواجًا﴾ أيْ أشْكالًا، مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ المُزاوَجَةِ.
﴿زَهْرَةَ الحَياةِ الدُّنْيا﴾ قالَ قَتادَةُ: زِينَةُ الحَياةِ الدُّنْيا.
﴿لِنَفْتِنَهم فِيهِ﴾ يَعْنِي فِيما مَتَّعْناهم بِهِ مِن هَذِهِ الزَّهْرَةِ، وفِيهِ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: لِنَفْتِنَهم أيْ لِنُعَذِّبَهم بِهِ، قالَهُ ابْنُ بَحْرٍ.
الثّانِي: لِنُمِيلَهم عَنْ مَصالِحِهِمْ وهو مُحْتَمَلٌ.
﴿وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وأبْقى﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ القَناعَةُ بِما يَمْلِكُهُ والزُّهْدُ فِيما لا يَمْلِكُهُ.
الثّانِي: وثَوابُ رَبِّكَ في الآخِرَةِ خَيْرٌ وأبْقى مِمّا مَتَّعْنا بِهِ هَؤُلاءِ في الدُّنْيا.
وَيَحْتَمِلُ ثالِثًا: أنْ يَكُونَ الحَلالُ المُبْقِي خَيْرًا مِنَ الكَثِيرِ المُطْغِي.
وَسَبَبُ نُزُولِها ما رَواهُ أبُو رافِعٍ «أنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَلَفَ مِن يَهُودِيٍّ طَعامًا فَأبى أنْ يُسْلِفَهُ إلّا بِرِهْنٍ، فَحَزِنَ وقالَ: (إنِّي لَأمِينٌ في السَّماءِ وأمِينٌ في الأرْضِ، أحْمِلُ دِرْعِي إلَيْهِ) فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ.
»
(p-٤٣٤)وَرَوى أنَّهُ «لَمّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ أمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُنادِيَهُ فَنادى: مَن لَمْ يَتَأدَّبْ بِأدَبِ اللَّهِ تَعالى تَقَطَّعَتْ نَفْسُهُ عَلى الدُّنْيا حَسَراتٍ.
» قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وجَلَّ: ﴿وَأْمُرْ أهْلَكَ بِالصَّلاةِ﴾ فِيهِ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: أنَّهُ أرادَ أهْلَهُ المُناسِبِينَ لَهُ.
والثّانِي: أنَّهُ أرادَ جَمِيعَ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ وآمَنَ بِهِ؛ لِأنَّهم يَحُلُّونَ بِالطّاعَةِ لَهُ مَحَلَّ أهْلِهِ.
﴿واصْطَبِرْ عَلَيْها﴾ أيِ اصْبِرْ عَلى فِعْلِها وعَلى أمْرِهِمْ بِها.
وَ ﴿لا نَسْألُكَ رِزْقًا نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكَ﴾ هَذا وإنْ كانَ خِطابًا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فالمُرادُ بِهِ جَمِيعُ الخَلْقِ أنَّهُ تَعالى يَرْزُقُهم ولا يَسْتَرْزِقُهم، ويَنْفَعُهم ولا يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِمْ، فَكانَ ذَلِكَ أبْلَغَ في الِامْتِنانِ عَلَيْهِمْ.
﴿والعاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوى﴾ أيْ وحُسْنُ العاقِبَةِ لِأهْلِ التَّقْوى.
Page 321
20:126
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكَ أَتَتۡكَ ءَايَٰتُنَا فَنَسِيتَهَاۖ وَكَذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ تُنسَىٰ ١٢٦
[Allāh] will say, "Thus did Our signs come to you, and you forgot [i.e., disregarded] them; and thus will you this Day be forgotten."
20:127
وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي مَنۡ أَسۡرَفَ وَلَمۡ يُؤۡمِنۢ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِۦۚ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ أَشَدُّ وَأَبۡقَىٰٓ ١٢٧
And thus do We recompense he who transgressed and did not believe in the signs of his Lord. And the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe and more enduring.1
1 translator’s note
- Than that of this world. ↩
20:128
أَفَلَمۡ يَهۡدِ لَهُمۡ كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا قَبۡلَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡقُرُونِ يَمۡشُونَ فِي مَسَٰكِنِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلنُّهَىٰ ١٢٨
Then, has it not become clear to them how many generations We destroyed before them as they walk among their dwellings? Indeed in that are signs for those of intelligence.
20:129
وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامٗا وَأَجَلٞ مُّسَمّٗى ١٢٩
And if not for a word1 that preceded from your Lord, it [i.e., punishment] would have been an obligation [due immediately],2 and [if not for] a specified term [decreed].
20:130
فَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحۡ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّكَ قَبۡلَ طُلُوعِ ٱلشَّمۡسِ وَقَبۡلَ غُرُوبِهَاۖ وَمِنۡ ءَانَآيِٕ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡ وَأَطۡرَافَ ٱلنَّهَارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرۡضَىٰ ١٣٠
So be patient over what they say and exalt [Allāh] with praise of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting; and during periods of the night [exalt Him] and at the ends of the day, that you may be satisfied.
20:131
وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيۡنَيۡكَ إِلَىٰ مَا مَتَّعۡنَا بِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ زَهۡرَةَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا لِنَفۡتِنَهُمۡ فِيهِۚ وَرِزۡقُ رَبِّكَ خَيۡرٞ وَأَبۡقَىٰ ١٣١
And do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] categories of them, [its being but] the splendor of worldly life by which We test them. And the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
20:132
وَأۡمُرۡ أَهۡلَكَ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱصۡطَبِرۡ عَلَيۡهَاۖ لَا نَسۡـَٔلُكَ رِزۡقٗاۖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكَۗ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰ ١٣٢
And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein. We ask you not for provision; We provide for you, and the [best] outcome is for [those of] righteousness.
20:133
وَقَالُواْ لَوۡلَا يَأۡتِينَا بِـَٔايَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦٓۚ أَوَلَمۡ تَأۡتِهِم بَيِّنَةُ مَا فِي ٱلصُّحُفِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰ ١٣٣
And they say, "Why does he not bring us a sign from his Lord?" Has there not come to them evidence of what was in the former scriptures?1
1 translator’s note
- Is not the Qur’ān an adequate proof of Muḥammad's prophethood and sufficient as a lasting miracle? ↩
20:134
وَلَوۡ أَنَّآ أَهۡلَكۡنَٰهُم بِعَذَابٖ مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦ لَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا لَوۡلَآ أَرۡسَلۡتَ إِلَيۡنَا رَسُولٗا فَنَتَّبِعَ ءَايَٰتِكَ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن نَّذِلَّ وَنَخۡزَىٰ ١٣٤
And if We had destroyed them with a punishment before him,1 they would have said, "Our Lord, why did You not send to us a messenger so we could have followed Your verses [i.e., teachings] before we were humiliated and disgraced?"
1 translator’s note
- Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ). Also interpreted as "before it," i.e., the Qur’ān. ↩
20:135
قُلۡ كُلّٞ مُّتَرَبِّصٞ فَتَرَبَّصُواْۖ فَسَتَعۡلَمُونَ مَنۡ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ ٱلسَّوِيِّ وَمَنِ ٱهۡتَدَىٰ ١٣٥
Say, "Each [of us] is waiting;1 so wait. For you will know who are the companions of the sound path and who is guided."
1 translator’s note
- For the outcome of this matter. ↩