Al-Anbya 21:48
The Prophets · Juz 17 · Page 326
وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ وَضِيَآءٗ وَذِكۡرٗا لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٤٨
And We had already given Moses and Aaron the criterion and a light and a reminder1 for the righteous
1 translator’s note
- These are three qualities of the Torah. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn al-Jawzi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 21:48–50
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنا مُوسى وهارُونَ الفُرْقانَ﴾ فِيهِ ثَلاثَةُ أقْوالٍ:
أحَدُها: أنَّهُ التَّوْراةُ الَّتِي فَرَّقَ بِها بَيْنَ الحَلالِ والحَرامِ، قالَهُ مُجاهِدٌ وقَتادَةُ.
والثّانِي: البُرْهانُ الَّذِي فَرَّقَ بِهِ بَيْنَ حَقِّ مُوسى وباطِلِ فِرْعَوْنَ، قالَهُ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ.
والثّالِثُ: النَّصْرُ والنَّجاةُ لِمُوسى، وإهْلاكُ فِرْعَوْنَ، قالَهُ ابْنُ السّائِبِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَضِياءً﴾ رَوى عِكْرِمَةُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ أنَّهُ كانَ يَرى الواوَ زائِدَةً. قالَ الزَّجّاجُ: وكَذَلِكَ قالَ بَعْضُ النَّحْوِيِّينَ أنَّ المَعْنى: الفَرْقانُ ضِياءٌ. وعِنْدَ (p-٣٥٦)البَصْرِيِّينَ أنَّ الواوَ لا تُزادُ ولا تَأْتِي إلّا بِمَعْنى العَطْفِ، فَهي هاهُنا مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿فِيها هُدًى ونُورٌ﴾ [ المائِدَة: ٤٤ ] . قالَ المُفَسِّرُونَ: والمَعْنى: أنَّهُمُ اسْتَضاؤُوا بِالتَّوْراةِ حَتّى اهْتَدَوْا بِها في دِينِهِمْ. ومَعْنى قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَذِكْرًا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ﴾: أنَّهم يَذْكُرُونَهُ ويَعْمَلُونَ بِما فِيهِ. ﴿الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهم بِالغَيْبِ﴾ فِيهِ أرْبَعَةُ أقْوالٍ:
أحَدُها: يَخافُونَهُ ولَمْ يَرَوْهُ، قالَهُ الجُمْهُورُ. والثّانِي: يَخْشَوْنَ عَذابَهُ ولَمْ يَرَوْهُ، قالَهُ مُقاتِلٌ. والثّالِثُ: يَخافُونَهُ مِن حَيْثُ لا يَراهم أحَدٌ، قالَهُ الزَّجّاجُ. والرّابِعُ: يَخافُونَهُ إذا غابُوا عَنْ أعْيُنِ النّاسِ، كَخَوْفِهِمْ إذا كانُوا بَيْنَ النّاسِ، قالَهُ أبُو سُلَيْمانَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ. ثُمَّ عادَ إلى ذِكْرِ القُرْآنِ، فَقالَ: ﴿وَهَذا﴾ يَعْنِي: القُرْآنُ، ﴿ذِكْرٌ﴾ لِمَن تَذَكَّرَ بِهِ وعِظَةٌ لِمَنِ اتَّعَظَ، ﴿مُبارَكٌ﴾؛ أيْ: كَثِيرُ الخَيْرِ، ﴿أفَأنْتُمْ﴾ يا أهْلَ مَكَّةَ، ﴿لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ﴾؛ أيْ: جاحِدُونَ ؟ وهَذا اسْتِفْهامُ تَوْبِيخٍ.
Page 326
21:45
قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أُنذِرُكُم بِٱلۡوَحۡيِۚ وَلَا يَسۡمَعُ ٱلصُّمُّ ٱلدُّعَآءَ إِذَا مَا يُنذَرُونَ ٤٥
Say, "I only warn you by revelation." But the deaf do not hear the call when they are warned.
21:46
وَلَئِن مَّسَّتۡهُمۡ نَفۡحَةٞ مِّنۡ عَذَابِ رَبِّكَ لَيَقُولُنَّ يَٰوَيۡلَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَٰلِمِينَ ٤٦
And if [as much as] a whiff of the punishment of your Lord should touch them, they would surely say, "O woe to us! Indeed, we have been wrongdoers."
21:47
وَنَضَعُ ٱلۡمَوَٰزِينَ ٱلۡقِسۡطَ لِيَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فَلَا تُظۡلَمُ نَفۡسٞ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَإِن كَانَ مِثۡقَالَ حَبَّةٖ مِّنۡ خَرۡدَلٍ أَتَيۡنَا بِهَاۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِنَا حَٰسِبِينَ ٤٧
And We place the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so no soul will be treated unjustly at all. And if there is [even] the weight of a mustard seed,1 We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as accountant.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., anything as small or insignificant as a mustard seed. ↩
21:48
وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ وَضِيَآءٗ وَذِكۡرٗا لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٤٨
And We had already given Moses and Aaron the criterion and a light and a reminder1 for the righteous
1 translator’s note
- These are three qualities of the Torah. ↩
21:49
ٱلَّذِينَ يَخۡشَوۡنَ رَبَّهُم بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَهُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّاعَةِ مُشۡفِقُونَ ٤٩
Who fear their Lord unseen,1 while they are of the Hour apprehensive.
1 translator’s note
- Which can mean "Him being unseen" by them or "though they are unseen" by others. ↩
21:50
وَهَٰذَا ذِكۡرٞ مُّبَارَكٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُۚ أَفَأَنتُمۡ لَهُۥ مُنكِرُونَ ٥٠
And this [Qur’ān] is a blessed message which We have sent down. Then are you with it unacquainted?1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., pretending ignorance, disapproving or refusing to acknowledge it? ↩
21:51
۞ وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَآ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ رُشۡدَهُۥ مِن قَبۡلُ وَكُنَّا بِهِۦ عَٰلِمِينَ ٥١
And We had certainly given Abraham his sound judgement before,1 and We were of him well-Knowing
1 translator’s note
- i.e., before Moses. Allāh had guided him from early youth. ↩
21:52
إِذۡ قَالَ لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوۡمِهِۦ مَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلتَّمَاثِيلُ ٱلَّتِيٓ أَنتُمۡ لَهَا عَٰكِفُونَ ٥٢
When he said to his father and his people, "What are these statues to which you are devoted?"
21:53
قَالُواْ وَجَدۡنَآ ءَابَآءَنَا لَهَا عَٰبِدِينَ ٥٣
They said, "We found our fathers worshippers of them."
21:54
قَالَ لَقَدۡ كُنتُمۡ أَنتُمۡ وَءَابَآؤُكُمۡ فِي ضَلَٰلٖ مُّبِينٖ ٥٤
He said, "You were certainly, you and your fathers, in manifest error."
21:55
قَالُوٓاْ أَجِئۡتَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ أَمۡ أَنتَ مِنَ ٱللَّٰعِبِينَ ٥٥
They said, "Have you come to us with truth, or are you of those who jest?"
21:56
قَالَ بَل رَّبُّكُمۡ رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ ٱلَّذِي فَطَرَهُنَّ وَأَنَا۠ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكُم مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ ٥٦
He said, "[No], rather, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth who created them, and I, to that, am of those who testify.
21:57
وَتَٱللَّهِ لَأَكِيدَنَّ أَصۡنَٰمَكُم بَعۡدَ أَن تُوَلُّواْ مُدۡبِرِينَ ٥٧
And [I swear] by Allāh, I will surely plan against your idols after you have turned and gone away."