Al-Anbya 21:79
The Prophets · Juz 17 · Page 328
فَفَهَّمۡنَٰهَا سُلَيۡمَٰنَۚ وَكُلًّا ءَاتَيۡنَا حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَسَخَّرۡنَا مَعَ دَاوُۥدَ ٱلۡجِبَالَ يُسَبِّحۡنَ وَٱلطَّيۡرَۚ وَكُنَّا فَٰعِلِينَ ٧٩
And We gave understanding of it [i.e., the case] to Solomon, and to each [of them] We gave judgement and knowledge. And We subjected the mountains to exalt [Us], along with David and [also] the birds. And We were doing [that].1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Allāh has always been capable of accomplishing whatever He wills. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
An-Nasafi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 21:79
﴿فَفَهَّمْناها﴾ أيِ الحُكُومَةَ أوِ الفَتْوى ﴿سُلَيْمانَ﴾ وفِيهِ دَلِيلٌ عَلى أنَّ الصَوابَ كانَ مَعَ سُلَيْمانَ صَلَواتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ. وقِصَّتَهُ: أنَّ الغَنَمَ رَعَتِ الحَرْثَ وأفْسَدَتْهُ بِلا راعٍ لَيْلًا فَتَحاكَما إلى داوُدَ فَحَكَمَ بِالغَنَمِ لِأهْلِ الحَرْثِ وقَدِ اسْتَوَتْ قِيمَتاهُما أيْ: قِيمَةُ الغَنَمِ كانَتْ عَلى قَدْرِ النُقْصانِ مِنَ الحَرْثِ فَقالَ سُلَيْمانُ وهو ابْنُ إحْدى عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً:غَيْرُ هَذا أرْفَقُ بِالفَرِيقَيْنِ فَعَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَحْكُمَنَّ فَقالَ أرى أنْ تُدْفَعَ الغَنَمُ إلى أهْلِ الحَرْثِ يَنْتَفِعُونَ بِألْبانِها وأوْلادِها وأصْوافِها والحَرْثُ إلى رَبِّ الغَنَمِ حَتّى يُصْلِحَ الحَرْثَ ويَعُودَ كَهَيْئَتِهِ يَوْمَ أُفْسِدَ ثُمَّ يَتَرادّانِ فَقالَ: القَضاءُ ما قَضَيْتَ وأمْضى الحُكْمَ بِذَلِكَ وكانَ ذَلِكَ بِاجْتِهادٍ مِنهُما وهَذا كانَ في شَرِيعَتِهِمْ، فَأمّا في شَرِيعَتِنا فَلا ضَمانَ عِنْدَ أبِي حَنِيفَةَ وأصْحابِهِ – رَحِمَهُ اللهُ- بِاللَيْلِ أوْ بِالنَهارِ إلّا أنْ يَكُونَ مَعَ البَهِيمَةِ سائِقٌ أوْ قائِدٌ وعِنْدَ الشافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَجِبُ الضَمانُ بِاللَيْلِ وقالَ الجَصّاصُ إنَّما ضَمِنُوا لِأنَّهم أرْسَلُوها ونُسِخَ الضَمانُ بِقَوْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَلاةُ (p-٤١٥)والسَلامُ:" «العَجْماءُ جُبارٌ" » وقالَ مُجاهِدٌ كانَ هَذا صُلْحًا وما فَعَلَهُ داوُدُ كانَ حُكْمًا والصُلْحُ خَيْرٌ ﴿وَكُلا﴾ مِن داوُدَ وسُلَيْمانَ ﴿آتَيْناهُ حُكْمًا﴾ [الأنبياء: ٧٤] نُبُوَّةً ﴿وَعِلْمًا﴾ مَعْرِفَةً بِمُوجِبِ الحُكْمِ ﴿وَسَخَّرْنا﴾ وذَلَّلْنا ﴿مَعَ داوُدَ الجِبالَ يُسَبِّحْنَ﴾ وهو حالٌ بِمَعْنى مُسَبِّحاتٍ أوِ اسْتِئْنافٌ كَأنَّ قائِلًا قالَ كَيْفَ سَخَّرَهُنَّ؟ فَقالَ يُسَبِّحْنَ ﴿والطَيْرَ﴾ مَعْطُوفٌ عَلى الجِبالِ أوْ مَفْعُولٌ مَعَهُ وقُدِّمَتِ الجِبالُ عَلى الطَيْرِ، لِأنَّ تَسْخِيرَها وتَسْبِيحَها أعْجَبُ وأغْرَبُ وأدْخَلُ في الإعْجازِ، لِأنَّها جَمادٌ، رُوِيَ: أنَّهُ كانَ يَمُرُّ بِالجِبالِ مُسَبِّحًا وهي تُجاوِبُهُ، وقِيلَ كانَتْ تَسِيرُ مَعَهُ حَيْثُ سارَ ﴿وَكُنّا فاعِلِينَ﴾ بِالأنْبِياءِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وإنْ كانَ عَجَبًا عِنْدَكُمْ.
Page 328
21:73
وَجَعَلۡنَٰهُمۡ أَئِمَّةٗ يَهۡدُونَ بِأَمۡرِنَا وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِمۡ فِعۡلَ ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِ وَإِقَامَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَإِيتَآءَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةِۖ وَكَانُواْ لَنَا عَٰبِدِينَ ٧٣
And We made them leaders guiding by Our command. And We inspired to them the doing of good deeds, establishment of prayer, and giving of zakāh; and they were worshippers of Us.
21:74
وَلُوطًا ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗا وَنَجَّيۡنَٰهُ مِنَ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلَّتِي كَانَت تَّعۡمَلُ ٱلۡخَبَٰٓئِثَۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمَ سَوۡءٖ فَٰسِقِينَ ٧٤
And to Lot We gave judgement and knowledge, and We saved him from the city that was committing wicked deeds. Indeed, they were a people of evil, defiantly disobedient.
21:75
وَأَدۡخَلۡنَٰهُ فِي رَحۡمَتِنَآۖ إِنَّهُۥ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ٧٥
And We admitted him into Our mercy. Indeed, he was of the righteous.
21:76
وَنُوحًا إِذۡ نَادَىٰ مِن قَبۡلُ فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فَنَجَّيۡنَٰهُ وَأَهۡلَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلۡكَرۡبِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ ٧٦
And [mention] Noah, when he called [to Allāh]1 before [that time], so We responded to him and saved him and his family from the great affliction [i.e., the flood].
1 translator’s note
- i.e., supplicated against his people who had persisted in denial and animosity. See 71:26-28. ↩
21:77
وَنَصَرۡنَٰهُ مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمَ سَوۡءٖ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٧٧
And We aided [i.e., saved] him from the people who denied Our signs. Indeed, they were a people of evil, so We drowned them, all together.
21:78
وَدَاوُۥدَ وَسُلَيۡمَٰنَ إِذۡ يَحۡكُمَانِ فِي ٱلۡحَرۡثِ إِذۡ نَفَشَتۡ فِيهِ غَنَمُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكۡمِهِمۡ شَٰهِدِينَ ٧٨
And [mention] David and Solomon, when they judged concerning the field - when the sheep of a people overran it [at night],1 and We were witness to their judgement.
1 translator’s note
- Eating and destroying the crops. ↩
21:79
فَفَهَّمۡنَٰهَا سُلَيۡمَٰنَۚ وَكُلًّا ءَاتَيۡنَا حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَسَخَّرۡنَا مَعَ دَاوُۥدَ ٱلۡجِبَالَ يُسَبِّحۡنَ وَٱلطَّيۡرَۚ وَكُنَّا فَٰعِلِينَ ٧٩
And We gave understanding of it [i.e., the case] to Solomon, and to each [of them] We gave judgement and knowledge. And We subjected the mountains to exalt [Us], along with David and [also] the birds. And We were doing [that].1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Allāh has always been capable of accomplishing whatever He wills. ↩
21:80
وَعَلَّمۡنَٰهُ صَنۡعَةَ لَبُوسٖ لَّكُمۡ لِتُحۡصِنَكُم مِّنۢ بَأۡسِكُمۡۖ فَهَلۡ أَنتُمۡ شَٰكِرُونَ ٨٠
And We taught him the fashioning of coats of armor to protect you from your [enemy in] battle. So will you then be grateful?
21:81
وَلِسُلَيۡمَٰنَ ٱلرِّيحَ عَاصِفَةٗ تَجۡرِي بِأَمۡرِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۚ وَكُنَّا بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَٰلِمِينَ ٨١
And to Solomon [We subjected] the wind, blowing forcefully, proceeding by his command toward the land which We had blessed. And We are ever, of all things, Knowing.