Al-Anbya 21:89
The Prophets · Juz 17 · Page 329
وَزَكَرِيَّآ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥ رَبِّ لَا تَذَرۡنِي فَرۡدٗا وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡوَٰرِثِينَ ٨٩
And [mention] Zechariah, when he called to his Lord, "My Lord, do not leave me alone [with no heir], while You are the best of inheritors."
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Atiyya
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 21:89–90
قوله عزّ وجلّ:
﴿وَزَكَرِيّا إذْ نادى رَبَّهُ رَبِّ لا تَذَرْنِي فَرْدًا وأنْتَ خَيْرُ الوارِثِينَ﴾ ﴿فاسْتَجَبْنا لَهُ ووَهَبْنا لَهُ يَحْيى وأصْلَحْنا لَهُ زَوْجَهُ إنَّهم كانُوا يُسارِعُونَ في الخَيْراتِ ويَدْعُونَنا رَغَبًا ورَهَبًا وكانُوا لَنا خاشِعِينَ﴾
تَقَدَّمَ أمْرُ زَكَرِيّا عَلَيْهِ السَلامُ في سُورَةِ مَرْيَمَ، وإصْلاحِ الزَوْجَةِ، قِيلَ: بِأنْ جَعَلَها (p-١٩٨)تَحْمَلُ وهِي عاقِرٌ، فَحاضَتْ وحَمَلَتْ، وهَذا هو الَّذِي يُشْبِهُ الآيَةَ، وقِيلَ: بِأنْ أُزِيلَ بَذاءٌ كانَ في لِسانِها.
قالَ القاضِي أبُو مُحَمَّدٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ:
وهَذا ضَعِيفٌ، وعُمُومُ اللَفْظَةِ يَتَناوَلُ كُلَّ وُجُوهِ الإصْلاحِ.
وقَرَأتْ فِرْقَةٌ: "وَيَدْعُونَنا"، وقَرَأتْ فِرْقَةٌ: "وَيَدْعُونا"، وقَرَأتْ فِرْقَةٌ: "رَغَبًا" بِفَتْحِ الراءِ والغَيْنِ، "وَرَهَبًا" كَذَلِكَ، وقَرَأتْ فِرْقَةٌ بِضَمِّ الراءِ فِيهِما وبِسُكُونِ الغَيْنِ والهاءِ، وقَرَأتْ فِرْقَةٌ بِفَتْحِ الراءِ وسُكُونِ الغَيْنِ والهاءِ، والمَعْنى أنَّهم يَدْعُونَ في وقْتِ تَعَبُّدِهِمْ وهم بِحالِ رَغْبَةٍ ورَجاءٍ ورَهْبَةٍ وخَوْفٍ في حالٍ واحِدَةٍ؛ لِأنَّ الرَغْبَةَ والرَهْبَةَ مُتَلازِمَتانِ، وقالَ بَعْضُ الناسِ: الرَغَبُ أنْ تُرْفَعَ بُطُونُ الأكُفِّ نَحْوَ السَماءِ، والرَهَبُ أنْ تُرْفَعَ ظُهُورُهُما.
قالَ القاضِي أبُو مُحَمَّدٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ:
وتَلْخِيصُ هَذا أنَّ عادَةَ كُلِّ داعٍ مِنَ البَشَرِ أنْ يَسْتَعِينَ بِيَدَيْهِ، فالرَغَبُ - مِن حَيْثُ هو طَلَبٌ - يَحْسُنُ مَعَهُ أنْ يُوَسِّعَ باطِنَ الراحِ نَحْوَ المَطْلُوبِ مِنهُ؛ إذْ هو مَوْضِعُ الإعْطاءِ، وبِها يَتَمَلَّكُ، والرَهَبُ - مِن حَيْثُ هو دَفْعُ مَضَرَّةٍ - يَحْسُنُ مَعَهُ طَرْحُ ذَلِكَ والإشارَةُ إلى ذِهابِهِ وتَوَقِّيهِ بِنَفْضِ اليَدَيْنِ ونَحْوِهِ.
و"الخُشُوعُ": التَذَلُّلُ بِالبَدَنِ المُتَرَكِّبِ عَلى التَذَلُّلِ بِالقَلْبِ.
Page 329
21:82
وَمِنَ ٱلشَّيَٰطِينِ مَن يَغُوصُونَ لَهُۥ وَيَعۡمَلُونَ عَمَلٗا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَكُنَّا لَهُمۡ حَٰفِظِينَ ٨٢
And of the devils [i.e., jinn] were those who dived for him and did work other than that. And We were of them a guardian.1
1 translator’s note
- Preventing any disobedience or deviation by them from Solomon's instructions and protecting him from being harmed by them. ↩
21:83
۞ وَأَيُّوبَ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ ٱلضُّرُّ وَأَنتَ أَرۡحَمُ ٱلرَّٰحِمِينَ ٨٣
And [mention] Job, when he called to his Lord, "Indeed, adversity has touched me, and You are the most merciful of the merciful."
21:84
فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فَكَشَفۡنَا مَا بِهِۦ مِن ضُرّٖۖ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ أَهۡلَهُۥ وَمِثۡلَهُم مَّعَهُمۡ رَحۡمَةٗ مِّنۡ عِندِنَا وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِلۡعَٰبِدِينَ ٨٤
So We responded to him and removed what afflicted him of adversity. And We gave him [back] his family and the like thereof with them as mercy from Us and a reminder for the worshippers [of Allāh].
21:85
وَإِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَإِدۡرِيسَ وَذَا ٱلۡكِفۡلِۖ كُلّٞ مِّنَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ٨٥
And [mention] Ishmael and Idrees and Dhul-Kifl; all were of the patient.
21:86
وَأَدۡخَلۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي رَحۡمَتِنَآۖ إِنَّهُم مِّنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ٨٦
And We admitted them into Our mercy. Indeed, they were of the righteous.
21:87
وَذَا ٱلنُّونِ إِذ ذَّهَبَ مُغَٰضِبٗا فَظَنَّ أَن لَّن نَّقۡدِرَ عَلَيۡهِ فَنَادَىٰ فِي ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ أَن لَّآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّآ أَنتَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ إِنِّي كُنتُ مِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٨٧
And [mention] the man of the fish [i.e., Jonah], when he went off in anger1 and thought that We would not decree [anything] upon him.2 And he called out within the darknesses,3 "There is no deity except You; exalted are You. Indeed, I have been of the wrongdoers."
21:88
فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ وَنَجَّيۡنَٰهُ مِنَ ٱلۡغَمِّۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُـۨجِي ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٨٨
So We responded to him and saved him from the distress. And thus do We save the believers.
21:89
وَزَكَرِيَّآ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥ رَبِّ لَا تَذَرۡنِي فَرۡدٗا وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡوَٰرِثِينَ ٨٩
And [mention] Zechariah, when he called to his Lord, "My Lord, do not leave me alone [with no heir], while You are the best of inheritors."
21:90
فَٱسۡتَجَبۡنَا لَهُۥ وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥ يَحۡيَىٰ وَأَصۡلَحۡنَا لَهُۥ زَوۡجَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِ وَيَدۡعُونَنَا رَغَبٗا وَرَهَبٗاۖ وَكَانُواْ لَنَا خَٰشِعِينَ ٩٠
So We responded to him, and We gave to him John, and amended for him his wife. Indeed, they used to hasten to good deeds and supplicate1 Us in hope and fear, and they were to Us humbly submissive.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., worship. ↩