Al-Hajj 22:36
The Pilgrimage · Juz 17 · Page 336
وَٱلۡبُدۡنَ جَعَلۡنَٰهَا لَكُم مِّن شَعَٰٓئِرِ ٱللَّهِ لَكُمۡ فِيهَا خَيۡرٞۖ فَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهَا صَوَآفَّۖ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتۡ جُنُوبُهَا فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا وَأَطۡعِمُواْ ٱلۡقَانِعَ وَٱلۡمُعۡتَرَّۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرۡنَٰهَا لَكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٣٦
And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols [i.e., rites] of Allāh; for you therein is good. So mention the name of Allāh upon them when lined up [for sacrifice]; and when they are [lifeless] on their sides, then eat from them and feed the needy [who does not seek aid] and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful.
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Sam'ani
Medium
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Commentary on 22:36
قَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿وَالْبدن جعلناها لكم من شَعَائِر الله﴾ الْبدن جمع الْبَدنَة، وَسميت الْبَدنَة لضخامتها، وَالْبَعِير وَالْبَقر يُسمى: بَدَنَة، فَأَما الْغنم لَا تسمى بَدَنَة.
وَقَوله: ﴿جعلناها لكم من شَعَائِر الله﴾ قد بَينا، وَمَعْنَاهُ: من أَعْلَام دين الله، وَسمي الْبدن شَعَائِر؛ لِأَنَّهَا تشعر، وإشعارها هُوَ أَن تطعن فِي سنامها على مَا هُوَ الْمَعْرُوف فِي الْفِقْه، وَفِي الْآثَار: أَن عمر - رَضِي الله عَنهُ - حج آخر حجَّة فِي آخر سنة، فَكَانَ يَرْمِي جَمْرَة الْعقبَة، فأصابت جَمْرَة صلعته فَسَالَ الدَّم مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ رجل: أشعر أَمِير الْمُؤمنِينَ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَة قتل.
وَقَوله: ﴿لكم فِيهَا خير﴾ قد بَينا.
وَقَوله: ﴿فاذكروا اسْم الله عَلَيْهَا صواف﴾ وَعَن ابْن مَسْعُود أَنه قَرَأَ: " صوافي "، وَعَن الْحسن الْبَصْرِيّ أَنه قَرَأَ: " صَوَافِن "، وَالْمَعْرُوف ﴿صواف﴾ وَمَعْنَاهُ: مصطفة، وَأما " صوافي " مَعْنَاهُ: خَالِصَة، وَأما " صَوَافِن " فَهُوَ أَن يُقَام على ثَلَاث قَوَائِم، وَيعْقل يَده الْيُسْرَى، وَهَذَا هُوَ الصفون. قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
(ألف الصفون فَمَا يزَال كَأَنَّهُ ... مِمَّا يقوم على الثَّلَاث كسير)
وَقَوله: ﴿فَإِذا وَجَبت جنوبها﴾ أَي: سَقَطت على جنوبها.
وَقَوله: ﴿فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا﴾ قد بَينا.
وَقَوله: ﴿وأطعموا القانع والمعتر﴾ الْمَعْرُوف أَن القانع هُوَ السَّائِل، والمعتر هُوَ الَّذِي يتَعَرَّض وَلَا يسْأَل، قَالَ مَالك: أحسن مَا سَمِعت فِي هَذَا أَن القانع هُوَ المعتر والمعتر، الرَّائِي، قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
(على مكثريهم حق من يعتريهم ... وَعند المقلين السماحة والبذل)
وَيُقَال: القانع هُوَ الَّذِي يقنع بِمَا أعطي، وَالْمَعْرُوف هُوَ القَوْل الأول أَن القانع هُوَ السَّائِل، وَيُقَال: الْمِسْكِين الطّواف.
وَقَوله: ﴿كَذَلِك سخرناها لكم﴾ أَي: ذللناها لكم.
وَقَوله: ﴿لَعَلَّكُمْ تشكرون﴾ ظَاهر الْمَعْنى.
Page 336
22:31
حُنَفَآءَ لِلَّهِ غَيۡرَ مُشۡرِكِينَ بِهِۦۚ وَمَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ فَكَأَنَّمَا خَرَّ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَتَخۡطَفُهُ ٱلطَّيۡرُ أَوۡ تَهۡوِي بِهِ ٱلرِّيحُ فِي مَكَانٖ سَحِيقٖ ٣١
Inclining [only] to Allāh, not associating [anything] with Him. And he who associates with Allāh - it is as though he had fallen from the sky and was snatched by the birds or the wind carried him down into a remote place.
22:32
ذَٰلِكَۖ وَمَن يُعَظِّمۡ شَعَٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِن تَقۡوَى ٱلۡقُلُوبِ ٣٢
That [is so]. And whoever honors the symbols [i.e., rites] of Allāh - indeed, it is from the piety of hearts.
22:33
لَكُمۡ فِيهَا مَنَٰفِعُ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗى ثُمَّ مَحِلُّهَآ إِلَى ٱلۡبَيۡتِ ٱلۡعَتِيقِ ٣٣
For you therein [i.e., the animals marked for sacrifice] are benefits for a specified term;1 then their place of sacrifice is at the ancient House.2
22:34
وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٖ جَعَلۡنَا مَنسَكٗا لِّيَذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَىٰ مَا رَزَقَهُم مِّنۢ بَهِيمَةِ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِۗ فَإِلَٰهُكُمۡ إِلَٰهٞ وَٰحِدٞ فَلَهُۥٓ أَسۡلِمُواْۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُخۡبِتِينَ ٣٤
And for every [religious] community We have appointed a rite [of sacrifice]1 that they may mention the name of Allāh over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals. For your god is one God, so to Him submit. And, [O Muḥammad], give good tidings to the humble [before their Lord]
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the rite of sacrifice has always been a part of Allāh's revealed religion. ↩
22:35
ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱللَّهُ وَجِلَتۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡ وَٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَصَابَهُمۡ وَٱلۡمُقِيمِي ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣٥
Who, when Allāh is mentioned, their hearts are fearful, and [to] the patient over what has afflicted them, and the establishers of prayer and those who spend from what We have provided them.
22:36
وَٱلۡبُدۡنَ جَعَلۡنَٰهَا لَكُم مِّن شَعَٰٓئِرِ ٱللَّهِ لَكُمۡ فِيهَا خَيۡرٞۖ فَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهَا صَوَآفَّۖ فَإِذَا وَجَبَتۡ جُنُوبُهَا فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا وَأَطۡعِمُواْ ٱلۡقَانِعَ وَٱلۡمُعۡتَرَّۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرۡنَٰهَا لَكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٣٦
And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols [i.e., rites] of Allāh; for you therein is good. So mention the name of Allāh upon them when lined up [for sacrifice]; and when they are [lifeless] on their sides, then eat from them and feed the needy [who does not seek aid] and the beggar. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may be grateful.
22:37
لَن يَنَالَ ٱللَّهَ لُحُومُهَا وَلَا دِمَآؤُهَا وَلَٰكِن يَنَالُهُ ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ مِنكُمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ سَخَّرَهَا لَكُمۡ لِتُكَبِّرُواْ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمۡۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٣٧
Their meat will not reach Allāh, nor will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from you. Thus have We subjected them to you that you may glorify Allāh for that [to] which He has guided you; and give good tidings to the doers of good.
22:38
۞ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُدَٰفِعُ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ خَوَّانٖ كَفُورٍ ٣٨
Indeed, Allāh defends those who have believed. Indeed, Allāh does not like everyone treacherous and ungrateful.