Al-Qasas 28:14
The Stories · Juz 20 · Page 387
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤
And when he attained his full strength and was [mentally] mature, We bestowed upon him judgement and knowledge. And thus do We reward the doers of good.
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Suyuti
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Commentary on 28:14
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ واسْتَوى﴾ الآيَةَ.
أخْرَجَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وابْنُ جَرِيرٍ، وابْنُ المُنْذِرِ، وابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ، وأبُو الشَّيْخِ، والمَحامِلِيُّ في ”أمالِيهِ“، عَنْ طَرِيقِ مُجاهِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ﴾ قالَ: ثَلاثًا وثَلاثِينَ سَنَةً، ﴿واسْتَوى﴾ قالَ: أرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي الدُّنْيا في كِتابِ ”المُعَمَّرِينَ“ مِن طَرِيقِ الكَلْبِيِّ، عَنْ أبِي صالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ واسْتَوى﴾ قالَ: الأشُدُّ ما بَيْنَ الثَّمانِي عَشْرَةَ إلى الثَّلاثِينَ، والِاسْتِواءُ ما بَيْنَ الثَّلاثِينَ إلى الأرْبَعِينَ، فَإذا زادَ عَلى الأرْبَعِينَ أخَذَ في النُّقْصانِ.
وأخْرَجَ الفِرْيابِيُّ، وعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وابْنُ جَرِيرٍ، وابْنُ المُنْذِرِ، وابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ، عَنْ مُجاهِدٍ في قَوْلِهِ: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ﴾ قالَ: ثَلاثًا وثَلاثِينَ سَنَةً، ﴿واسْتَوى﴾ قالَ: أرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، ﴿آتَيْناهُ حُكْمًا وعِلْمًا﴾ قالَ: الفِقْهَ (p-٤٣٦)والعَقْلَ والعِلْمَ قَبْلَ النُّبُوَّةِ.
وأخْرَجَ ابْنُ أبِي حاتِمٍ عَنْ أبِي قَبِيصَةَ في الآيَةِ قالَ: يَعْنِي بِالِاسْتِواءِ خُرُوجَ لِحْيَتِهِ.
وأخْرَجَ عَبْدُ الرَّزّاقِ، وعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، وابْنُ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ قَتادَةَ: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ﴾ قالَ: ثَلاثًا وثَلاثِينَ سَنَةً، ﴿واسْتَوى﴾ قالَ: أرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً.
وأخْرَجَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ: ﴿ولَمّا بَلَغَ أشُدَّهُ﴾ قالَ: خَمْسًا وعِشْرِينَ سَنَةً.
Page 387
28:14
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤
And when he attained his full strength and was [mentally] mature, We bestowed upon him judgement and knowledge. And thus do We reward the doers of good.
28:15
وَدَخَلَ ٱلۡمَدِينَةَ عَلَىٰ حِينِ غَفۡلَةٖ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيۡنِ يَقۡتَتِلَانِ هَٰذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ وَهَٰذَا مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦۖ فَٱسۡتَغَٰثَهُ ٱلَّذِي مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ عَلَى ٱلَّذِي مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦ فَوَكَزَهُۥ مُوسَىٰ فَقَضَىٰ عَلَيۡهِۖ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۖ إِنَّهُۥ عَدُوّٞ مُّضِلّٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٥
And he entered the city at a time of inattention by its people1 and found therein two men fighting: one from his faction and one from among his enemy. And the one from his faction called for help to him against the one from his enemy, so Moses struck him and [unintentionally] killed him. [Moses] said, "This is from the work of Satan. Indeed, he is a manifest, misleading enemy."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., during the noon period of rest. ↩
28:16
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمۡتُ نَفۡسِي فَٱغۡفِرۡ لِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ١٦
He said, "My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me," and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.
28:17
قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنۡعَمۡتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنۡ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرٗا لِّلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ١٧
He said, "My Lord, for the favor You bestowed upon me, I will never be an assistant to the criminals."
28:18
فَأَصۡبَحَ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا ٱلَّذِي ٱسۡتَنصَرَهُۥ بِٱلۡأَمۡسِ يَسۡتَصۡرِخُهُۥۚ قَالَ لَهُۥ مُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيّٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٨
And he became inside the city fearful and anticipating [exposure], when suddenly the one who sought his help the previous day cried out to him [once again]. Moses said to him, "Indeed, you are an evident, [persistent] deviator."
28:19
فَلَمَّآ أَنۡ أَرَادَ أَن يَبۡطِشَ بِٱلَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوّٞ لَّهُمَا قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ أَتُرِيدُ أَن تَقۡتُلَنِي كَمَا قَتَلۡتَ نَفۡسَۢا بِٱلۡأَمۡسِۖ إِن تُرِيدُ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ جَبَّارٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا تُرِيدُ أَن تَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡلِحِينَ ١٩
And when he wanted to strike the one who was an enemy to both of them, he1 said, "O Moses, do you intend to kill me as you killed someone yesterday? You only want to be a tyrant in the land and do not want to be of the amenders."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Israelite, thinking that Moses meant to strike him. Some commentators have attributed the words to the Copt; however, the Israelite was the only one who knew of the previous occurrence. ↩
28:20
وَجَآءَ رَجُلٞ مِّنۡ أَقۡصَا ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ يَسۡعَىٰ قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَلَأَ يَأۡتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقۡتُلُوكَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰصِحِينَ ٢٠
And a man came from the farthest end of the city, running. He said, "O Moses, indeed the eminent ones are conferring over you [intending] to kill you, so leave [the city]; indeed, I am to you of the sincere advisors."
28:21
فَخَرَجَ مِنۡهَا خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُۖ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٢١
So he left it, fearful and anticipating [apprehension]. He said, "My Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people."