Al-Qasas 28:14
The Stories · Juz 20 · Page 387
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤
And when he attained his full strength and was [mentally] mature, We bestowed upon him judgement and knowledge. And thus do We reward the doers of good.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ath-Tha'alibi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 28:10–14
وَأَصْبَحَ فُؤادُ أُمِّ مُوسى فارِغاً أي: فارِغاً من كلِّ شيء إلا من ذكر موسَى [[أخرجه الطبريّ (10/ 35) رقم (27201) ، وذكره ابن عطية (4/ 278) ، وابن كثير (3/ 381) ، والسيوطي (5/ 229) ، وعزاه للفريابي، وابن أبي شيبة وعبد بن حميد، وابن جرير، وابن المنذر، وابن أبي حاتم، والحاكم وصححه عن ابن عباس.]] .
قاله ابن عباس.
قال مالك: هو ذَهَابُ العَقْلِ، وقالت فرقة: فارِغاً من الصبر.
وقوله تعالى: إِنْ كادَتْ لَتُبْدِي بِهِ أي: أَمرِ ابنها، وروي أنّ النّبيّ ﷺ قال: كادتْ أُمُّ مُوسَى أن تَقُول: «وابناه وَتَخْرُجَ سَائِحَةً عَلَى وَجْهِهَا» . والرَّبْطُ على القلبِ: تأنيسُه وتقويَتُه، ولِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أي: من المُصَدِّقين بوعدِ اللهِ سبحانه وما أوحي إليها به، وعَنْ جُنُبٍ أي: ناحيةٍ، فمعنى عَنْ جُنُبٍ: عن بُعْد لَمْ تَدنُ مِنْهُ فَيُشْعَرَ لها.
وقوله: وَهُمْ لاَ يَشْعُرُونَ معناه: أنها أختُه، ووعدُ الله المشار إليه هو الذي أوحاه إليها أولاً، إمَّا بمَلَكٍ/ أو بمَنَامَةٍ، حسْبَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، والقَوْلُ بالإلْهَامِ ضعيف أن يقال 56 أفيه وعدٌ.
وقوله: أَكْثَرَهُمْ يريد به القِبْطَ، والأَشُدُّ: شدة البدن واستحكام أمره وقوته، واسْتَوى معناه: تَكَامَلَ عَقْلُه، وذلك عند الجمهور مع الأربعين. والحكمُ: الحِكْمَةُ، والعلمُ: المَعرِفَةُ بشرعِ إبراهيمَ عليه السلام.
Page 387
28:14
وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمٗا وَعِلۡمٗاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤
And when he attained his full strength and was [mentally] mature, We bestowed upon him judgement and knowledge. And thus do We reward the doers of good.
28:15
وَدَخَلَ ٱلۡمَدِينَةَ عَلَىٰ حِينِ غَفۡلَةٖ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِهَا فَوَجَدَ فِيهَا رَجُلَيۡنِ يَقۡتَتِلَانِ هَٰذَا مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ وَهَٰذَا مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦۖ فَٱسۡتَغَٰثَهُ ٱلَّذِي مِن شِيعَتِهِۦ عَلَى ٱلَّذِي مِنۡ عَدُوِّهِۦ فَوَكَزَهُۥ مُوسَىٰ فَقَضَىٰ عَلَيۡهِۖ قَالَ هَٰذَا مِنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۖ إِنَّهُۥ عَدُوّٞ مُّضِلّٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٥
And he entered the city at a time of inattention by its people1 and found therein two men fighting: one from his faction and one from among his enemy. And the one from his faction called for help to him against the one from his enemy, so Moses struck him and [unintentionally] killed him. [Moses] said, "This is from the work of Satan. Indeed, he is a manifest, misleading enemy."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., during the noon period of rest. ↩
28:16
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمۡتُ نَفۡسِي فَٱغۡفِرۡ لِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ١٦
He said, "My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me," and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.
28:17
قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَنۡعَمۡتَ عَلَيَّ فَلَنۡ أَكُونَ ظَهِيرٗا لِّلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ١٧
He said, "My Lord, for the favor You bestowed upon me, I will never be an assistant to the criminals."
28:18
فَأَصۡبَحَ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُ فَإِذَا ٱلَّذِي ٱسۡتَنصَرَهُۥ بِٱلۡأَمۡسِ يَسۡتَصۡرِخُهُۥۚ قَالَ لَهُۥ مُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّكَ لَغَوِيّٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٨
And he became inside the city fearful and anticipating [exposure], when suddenly the one who sought his help the previous day cried out to him [once again]. Moses said to him, "Indeed, you are an evident, [persistent] deviator."
28:19
فَلَمَّآ أَنۡ أَرَادَ أَن يَبۡطِشَ بِٱلَّذِي هُوَ عَدُوّٞ لَّهُمَا قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ أَتُرِيدُ أَن تَقۡتُلَنِي كَمَا قَتَلۡتَ نَفۡسَۢا بِٱلۡأَمۡسِۖ إِن تُرِيدُ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ جَبَّارٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا تُرِيدُ أَن تَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡلِحِينَ ١٩
And when he wanted to strike the one who was an enemy to both of them, he1 said, "O Moses, do you intend to kill me as you killed someone yesterday? You only want to be a tyrant in the land and do not want to be of the amenders."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the Israelite, thinking that Moses meant to strike him. Some commentators have attributed the words to the Copt; however, the Israelite was the only one who knew of the previous occurrence. ↩
28:20
وَجَآءَ رَجُلٞ مِّنۡ أَقۡصَا ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ يَسۡعَىٰ قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَلَأَ يَأۡتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقۡتُلُوكَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰصِحِينَ ٢٠
And a man came from the farthest end of the city, running. He said, "O Moses, indeed the eminent ones are conferring over you [intending] to kill you, so leave [the city]; indeed, I am to you of the sincere advisors."
28:21
فَخَرَجَ مِنۡهَا خَآئِفٗا يَتَرَقَّبُۖ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٢١
So he left it, fearful and anticipating [apprehension]. He said, "My Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people."