Al-Qasas 28:78
The Stories · Juz 20 · Page 395
قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُۥ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٍ عِندِيٓۚ أَوَلَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَدۡ أَهۡلَكَ مِن قَبۡلِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلۡقُرُونِ مَنۡ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنۡهُ قُوَّةٗ وَأَكۡثَرُ جَمۡعٗاۚ وَلَا يُسۡـَٔلُ عَن ذُنُوبِهِمُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ٧٨
He said, "I was only given it because of knowledge I have." Did he not know that Allāh had destroyed before him of generations those who were greater than him in power and greater in accumulation [of wealth]? But the criminals, about their sins, will not be asked.1
1 translator’s note
- There will be no need to enumerate their sins separately, as their quantity is obvious and more than sufficient to warrant punishment in Hell. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
As-Samin al-Halabi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 28:78
قوله: {على عِلْمٍ} : حالٌ مِنْ مرفوع «أُوتِيْتُه» .
قوله: {عندي} إمَّا ظرفٌ ل «أُوْتِيْتُه» ، وإمَّا صفةٌ للعلم.
قوله: {مَنْ هُوَ أَشَدُّ} : «مَنْ» موصولةٌ أو نكرةٌ موصوفةٌ. وهو في موضع المفعولِ ب «أَهْلَكَ» . و «مِنْ قبلِه» متعلقٌ به. و «مِنَ القرون» يجوزُ فيه ذلك، ويجوزُ أَنْ يكونَ حالاً مِنْ «مَنْ هو أشدُّ» .
قوله: {وَلاَ يُسْأَلُ} هذه قراءةُ العامَّةِ على البناء للمفعول، وبالياءِ مِنْ تحتُ ورَفْعِ الفعلِ. وقرأ أبو جعفر «ولا تُسْأَلْ» بالتاء مِنْ فوقُ والجزم. وابنُ سيرين وأبو العالية كذلك، إلاَّ أنه مبنيٌّ للفاعل وهو المخاطَبُ. قال ابن أبي إسحاق: « لا يجوزُ ذلك حتى تنصبَ المجرمين» . قال صاحب اللوامح: «هذا هو الظاهرُ؛ إلاَّ أنه لَمْ يَبْلُغْني فيه شيء. فإنْ تَرَكاه مرفوعاً فيحتمل وجهين، أحدهما: أَنْ يكونَ ِ» المجرمون «خبرَ مبتدأ محذوفٍ، أي: هم المجرمون. والثاني: أَنْ يكونَ بدلاً مِنْ أصلِ الهاءِ والميم في» ذُنوبهم «، لأنهما مرفوعا المحلِّ» يعني أنَّ ذنوباً مصدرٌ مضافٌ لفاعلِه. قال: «فحمل المجرمون على الأصلِ، كما تقدَّم لنا في قراءةِ {مَثَلاً مَّا بَعُوضَةٍ} [البقرة: 26] بجرِّ بعوضة. وكان قد خَرَّجها على أن الأصلَ: بضَرْب مَثَلِ بعوضةٍ» وهذا تعسُّفٌ كثيرٌ. ولا ينبغي أَنْ يَقْرأ ابنُ سيرين وأبو العالية إلاَّ «المجرمين» بالياءِ فقط، وإنما تُرِك نَقْلُها لظهورِه.
Page 395
28:78
قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُۥ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٍ عِندِيٓۚ أَوَلَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَدۡ أَهۡلَكَ مِن قَبۡلِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلۡقُرُونِ مَنۡ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنۡهُ قُوَّةٗ وَأَكۡثَرُ جَمۡعٗاۚ وَلَا يُسۡـَٔلُ عَن ذُنُوبِهِمُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ٧٨
He said, "I was only given it because of knowledge I have." Did he not know that Allāh had destroyed before him of generations those who were greater than him in power and greater in accumulation [of wealth]? But the criminals, about their sins, will not be asked.1
1 translator’s note
- There will be no need to enumerate their sins separately, as their quantity is obvious and more than sufficient to warrant punishment in Hell. ↩
28:79
فَخَرَجَ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِۦ فِي زِينَتِهِۦۖ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا يَٰلَيۡتَ لَنَا مِثۡلَ مَآ أُوتِيَ قَٰرُونُ إِنَّهُۥ لَذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٖ ٧٩
So he came out before his people in his adornment. Those who desired the worldly life said, "Oh, would that we had like what was given to Qārūn. Indeed, he is one of great fortune."
28:80
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ وَيۡلَكُمۡ ثَوَابُ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ لِّمَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗاۚ وَلَا يُلَقَّىٰهَآ إِلَّا ٱلصَّٰبِرُونَ ٨٠
But those who had been given knowledge said, "Woe to you! The reward of Allāh is better for he who believes and does righteousness. And none are granted it except the patient."
28:81
فَخَسَفۡنَا بِهِۦ وَبِدَارِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ مِن فِئَةٖ يَنصُرُونَهُۥ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنتَصِرِينَ ٨١
And We caused the earth to swallow him and his home. And there was for him no company to aid him other than Allāh, nor was he of those who [could] defend themselves.
28:82
وَأَصۡبَحَ ٱلَّذِينَ تَمَنَّوۡاْ مَكَانَهُۥ بِٱلۡأَمۡسِ يَقُولُونَ وَيۡكَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَقۡدِرُۖ لَوۡلَآ أَن مَّنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا لَخَسَفَ بِنَاۖ وَيۡكَأَنَّهُۥ لَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ ٨٢
And those who had wished for his position the previous day began to say, "Oh, how Allāh extends provision to whom He wills of His servants and restricts it! If not that Allāh had conferred favor on us, He would have caused it to swallow us. Oh, how the disbelievers do not succeed!"
28:83
تِلۡكَ ٱلدَّارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ نَجۡعَلُهَا لِلَّذِينَ لَا يُرِيدُونَ عُلُوّٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَا فَسَادٗاۚ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٨٣
That home of the Hereafter We assign to those who do not desire exaltedness upon the earth or corruption. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous.
28:84
مَن جَآءَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُۥ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡهَاۖ وَمَن جَآءَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجۡزَى ٱلَّذِينَ عَمِلُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٨٤
Whoever comes [on the Day of Judgement] with a good deed will have better than it; and whoever comes with an evil deed - then those who did evil deeds will not be recompensed except [as much as] what they used to do.