Al-Qasas 28:80
The Stories · Juz 20 · Page 395
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ وَيۡلَكُمۡ ثَوَابُ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ لِّمَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗاۚ وَلَا يُلَقَّىٰهَآ إِلَّا ٱلصَّٰبِرُونَ ٨٠
But those who had been given knowledge said, "Woe to you! The reward of Allāh is better for he who believes and does righteousness. And none are granted it except the patient."
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Alusi
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Commentary on 28:80
﴿وقالَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا العِلْمَ﴾ أيْ بِأحْوالِ الدُّنْيا والآخِرَةِ كَما يَنْبَغِي ومِنهم يُوشَعُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، وإنَّما لَمْ يُوصَفُوا بِإرادَةِ ثَوابِ الآخِرَةِ تَنْبِيهًا عَلى أنَّ العِلْمَ بِأحْوالِ النَّشْأتَيْنِ يَقْتَضِي الإعْراضَ عَنِ الأُولى والإقْبالَ عَلى الأُخْرى حَتْمًا، وأنَّ تَمَنِّيَ المُتَمَنِّينَ لَيْسَ إلّا لِعَدَمِ عِلْمِهِمْ بِهِما كَما يَنْبَغِي.
وقِيلَ: المُرادُ بِالعِلْمِ مَعْرِفَةُ الثَّوابِ والعِقابِ، وقِيلَ: مَعْرِفَةُ التَّوَكُّلِ، وقِيلَ: مَعْرِفَةُ الأخْبارِ، وما تَقَدَّمَ أوْلى ﴿ويْلَكُمْ﴾ دُعاءٌ بِالهَلاكِ بِحَسَبِ الأصْلِ ثُمَّ شاعَ اسْتِعْمالُهُ في الزَّجْرِ عَمّا لا يُرْتَضى، والمُرادُ بِهِ هُنا الزَّجْرُ عَنِ التَّمَنِّي وهو مَنصُوبٌ عَلى المَصْدَرِيَّةِ لِفِعْلٍ مِن مَعْناهُ ﴿ثَوابُ اللَّهِ﴾ في الآخِرَةِ ﴿خَيْرٌ﴾ مِمّا تَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ ﴿لِمَن آمَنَ وعَمِلَ صالِحًا﴾ فَلا يَلِيقُ بِكم أنْ تَتَمَنَّوْهُ غَيْرَ مُكْتَفِينَ بِثَوابِهِ عَزَّ وجَلَّ، هَذا عَلى القَوْلِ بِأنَّ المُتَمَنِّينَ كانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ أوْ فَآمِنُوا لِتَفُوزُوا بِثَوابِهِ تَعالى الَّذِي هو خَيْرٌ مِن ذَلِكَ، وتَقْدِيرُ المُفَضَّلِ عَلَيْهِ ما تَتَمَنَّوْهُ لِاقْتِضاءِ المَقامِ إيّاهُ، ويَجُوزُ أنْ يُقَدَّرَ عامًّا ويَدْخُلَ فِيهِ ما ذُكِرَ دُخُولًا أوَّلِيًّا أيْ خَيْرٌ مِنِ الدُّنْيا وما فِيها ﴿ولا يُلَقّاها﴾ أيْ هَذِهِ المَقالَةَ أوِ الكَلِمَةَ الَّتِي تَكَلَّمَ بِها العُلَماءُ، والمُرادُ بِها المَعْنى اللُّغَوِيُّ أوِ الثَّوابُ، والتَّأْنِيثُ بِاعْتِبارِ أنَّهُ بِمَعْنى المَثُوبَةِ أوِ الجَنَّةِ المَفْهُومَةِ مِنَ الثَّوابِ، وقِيلَ: الإيمانُ والعَمَلُ الصّالِحُ، والتَّأْنِيثُ والإفْرادُ بِاعْتِبارِ أنَّهُما بِمَعْنى السِّيرَةِ أوِ الطَّرِيقَةِ، ومَعْنى تَلَقِّيها إمّا فَهْمُها أوِ التَّوْفِيقُ لِلْعَمَلِ بِها ﴿إلا الصّابِرُونَ﴾ عَلى الطّاعاتِ وعَنِ المَعاصِي والشَّهَواتِ، ولَعَلَّ المُرادَ بِالصّابِرِينَ عَلى القَوْلِ الأخِيرِ في مَرْجِعِ الضَّمِيرِ المُتَّصِفُونَ بِالصَّبْرِ في عِلْمِ اللَّهِ تَعالى فَتَدَبَّرْ
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28:78
قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُۥ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٍ عِندِيٓۚ أَوَلَمۡ يَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَدۡ أَهۡلَكَ مِن قَبۡلِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلۡقُرُونِ مَنۡ هُوَ أَشَدُّ مِنۡهُ قُوَّةٗ وَأَكۡثَرُ جَمۡعٗاۚ وَلَا يُسۡـَٔلُ عَن ذُنُوبِهِمُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ٧٨
He said, "I was only given it because of knowledge I have." Did he not know that Allāh had destroyed before him of generations those who were greater than him in power and greater in accumulation [of wealth]? But the criminals, about their sins, will not be asked.1
1 translator’s note
- There will be no need to enumerate their sins separately, as their quantity is obvious and more than sufficient to warrant punishment in Hell. ↩
28:79
فَخَرَجَ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِۦ فِي زِينَتِهِۦۖ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا يَٰلَيۡتَ لَنَا مِثۡلَ مَآ أُوتِيَ قَٰرُونُ إِنَّهُۥ لَذُو حَظٍّ عَظِيمٖ ٧٩
So he came out before his people in his adornment. Those who desired the worldly life said, "Oh, would that we had like what was given to Qārūn. Indeed, he is one of great fortune."
28:80
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ وَيۡلَكُمۡ ثَوَابُ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ لِّمَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗاۚ وَلَا يُلَقَّىٰهَآ إِلَّا ٱلصَّٰبِرُونَ ٨٠
But those who had been given knowledge said, "Woe to you! The reward of Allāh is better for he who believes and does righteousness. And none are granted it except the patient."
28:81
فَخَسَفۡنَا بِهِۦ وَبِدَارِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ مِن فِئَةٖ يَنصُرُونَهُۥ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنتَصِرِينَ ٨١
And We caused the earth to swallow him and his home. And there was for him no company to aid him other than Allāh, nor was he of those who [could] defend themselves.
28:82
وَأَصۡبَحَ ٱلَّذِينَ تَمَنَّوۡاْ مَكَانَهُۥ بِٱلۡأَمۡسِ يَقُولُونَ وَيۡكَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَقۡدِرُۖ لَوۡلَآ أَن مَّنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا لَخَسَفَ بِنَاۖ وَيۡكَأَنَّهُۥ لَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ ٨٢
And those who had wished for his position the previous day began to say, "Oh, how Allāh extends provision to whom He wills of His servants and restricts it! If not that Allāh had conferred favor on us, He would have caused it to swallow us. Oh, how the disbelievers do not succeed!"
28:83
تِلۡكَ ٱلدَّارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ نَجۡعَلُهَا لِلَّذِينَ لَا يُرِيدُونَ عُلُوّٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَا فَسَادٗاۚ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٨٣
That home of the Hereafter We assign to those who do not desire exaltedness upon the earth or corruption. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous.
28:84
مَن جَآءَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُۥ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡهَاۖ وَمَن جَآءَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجۡزَى ٱلَّذِينَ عَمِلُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٨٤
Whoever comes [on the Day of Judgement] with a good deed will have better than it; and whoever comes with an evil deed - then those who did evil deeds will not be recompensed except [as much as] what they used to do.