Ar-Rum 30:9
The Romans · Juz 21 · Page 405
أَوَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَانُوٓاْ أَشَدَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قُوَّةٗ وَأَثَارُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَعَمَرُوهَآ أَكۡثَرَ مِمَّا عَمَرُوهَا وَجَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِۖ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظۡلِمَهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٩
Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed [or excavated] the earth and built it up more than they [i.e., the Makkans] have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allāh would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ad-Da''as
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Commentary on 30:9
﴿أَوَلَمْ﴾ الهمزة حرف استفهام والواو حرف استئناف ﴿لَمْ يَسِيرُوا﴾ مضارع مجزوم بلم والواو فاعله ﴿فِي الْأَرْضِ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل والجملة مستأنفة ﴿فَيَنْظُرُوا﴾ الفاء حرف عطف ومضارع وفاعله والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها ﴿كَيْفَ﴾ اسم استفهام في محل نصب خبر كان المقدم ﴿عاقِبَةُ﴾ اسمها المؤخر والجملة سدت مسد مفعول ينظروا ﴿الَّذِينَ﴾ مضاف إليه ﴿مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ﴾ متعلقان بمحذوف صلة الموصول ﴿كانُوا أَشَدَّ﴾ كان واسمها وخبرها والجملة تفسيرية ﴿مِنْهُمْ﴾ متعلقان بأشد ﴿قُوَّةً﴾ تمييز، ﴿وَأَثارُوا﴾ ماض وفاعله ﴿الْأَرْضِ﴾ مفعول به والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها. ﴿وَعَمَرُوها﴾ معطوف على أثاروا ﴿أَكْثَرَ﴾ صفة مفعول مطلق محذوف ﴿مِمَّا﴾ متعلقان بأكثر ﴿عَمَرُوها﴾ ماض وفاعله ومفعوله ﴿وَجاءَتْهُمْ﴾ ماض ومفعوله ﴿رُسُلُهُمْ﴾ فاعل مؤخر ﴿بِالْبَيِّناتِ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها. ﴿فَما﴾ الفاء حرف استئناف ﴿ما﴾ نافية ﴿كانَ اللَّهُ﴾ كان ولفظ الجلالة اسمها ﴿لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ﴾ مضارع منصوب بأن مضمرة بعد لام الجحود والهاء مفعول به والفاعل مستتر والمصدر المؤول في محل جر باللام والجار والمجرور متعلقان بمحذوف خبر كان وجملة كان.. مستأنفة لا محل لها ﴿وَ﴾ الواو حرف عطف ﴿لكِنْ كانُوا﴾ حرف استدراك وكان واسمها ﴿أَنْفُسَهُمْ﴾ مفعول به مقدم ﴿يَظْلِمُونَ﴾ مضارع مرفوع والواو فاعله والجملة خبر كانوا وجملة لكن كانوا ... معطوفة على ما قبلها.
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30:6
وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِۖ لَا يُخۡلِفُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٦
[It is] the promise of Allāh. Allāh does not fail in His promise, but most of the people do not know.
30:7
يَعۡلَمُونَ ظَٰهِرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ غَٰفِلُونَ ٧
They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware.
30:8
أَوَلَمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۗ مَّا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗىۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِلِقَآيِٕ رَبِّهِمۡ لَكَٰفِرُونَ ٨
Do they not contemplate within themselves?1 Allāh has not created the heavens and the earth and what is between them except in truth and for a specified term. And indeed, many of the people, in the meeting with their Lord, are disbelievers.
1 translator’s note
- An additional meaning is "Do they not contemplate concerning themselves." ↩
30:9
أَوَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَانُوٓاْ أَشَدَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قُوَّةٗ وَأَثَارُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَعَمَرُوهَآ أَكۡثَرَ مِمَّا عَمَرُوهَا وَجَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِۖ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظۡلِمَهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٩
Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed [or excavated] the earth and built it up more than they [i.e., the Makkans] have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allāh would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.
30:10
ثُمَّ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسَٰٓـُٔواْ ٱلسُّوٓأَىٰٓ أَن كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانُواْ بِهَا يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ١٠
Then the end of those who did evil was the worst [consequence] because they denied the signs of Allāh and used to ridicule them.
30:11
ٱللَّهُ يَبۡدَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَلۡقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ ثُمَّ إِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١١
Allāh begins creation; then He will repeat it; then to Him you will be returned.
30:12
وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُبۡلِسُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ١٢
And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair.
30:13
وَلَمۡ يَكُن لَّهُم مِّن شُرَكَآئِهِمۡ شُفَعَٰٓؤُاْ وَكَانُواْ بِشُرَكَآئِهِمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٣
And there will not be for them among their [alleged] partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.
30:14
وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَتَفَرَّقُونَ ١٤
And the Day the Hour appears - that Day they will become separated.
30:15
فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَهُمۡ فِي رَوۡضَةٖ يُحۡبَرُونَ ١٥
And as for those who had believed and done righteous deeds, they will be in a garden [of Paradise], delighted.