بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Al-Ahzab 33:3
The Combined Forces · Juz 21 · Page 418
وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ وَكِيلٗا ٣
And rely upon Allāh; and sufficient is Allāh as Disposer of affairs.1
1 translator’s note
- Refer to footnote in 3:173. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 33:1–3
(p-٣٦٩)سُورَةُ الأحْزابِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿يا أيُّها النَّبِيُّ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ﴾ وهَذا وإنْ كانَ مَعْلُومًا مِن حالِهِ فَفي أمْرِهِ بِهِ أرْبَعَةُ أوْجُهٍ:
أحَدُها: أنَّ مَعْنى هَذا الأمْرِ الإكْثارُ مِنِ اتِّقاءِ اللَّهِ في جِهادِ أعْدائِهِ.
الثّانِي: اسْتِدامَةُ التَّقْوى عَلى ما سَبَقَ مِن حالِهِ.
الثّالِثُ: أنَّهُ خِطابٌ تُوَجَّهُ إلَيْهِ والمُرادُ بِهِ غَيْرُهُ مِن أُمَّتِهِ.
الرّابِعُ: أنَّهُ لِنُزُولِ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ سَبَبًا وهو ما رُوِيَ «أنَّ أبا سُفْيانَ وعِكْرِمَةَ بْنَ أبِي جَهْلٍ وأبا الأعْوَرِ السُّلَمِيَّ قَدِمُوا المَدِينَةَ لِيُجَدِّدُوا خِطابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ في عَهْدٍ بَيْنَهُ وبَيْنَهم فَنَزَلُوا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولَ والجَدِّ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ومُعَتِّبِ بْنِ قُشَيْرٍ وائْتَمَرُوا بَيْنَهم وأتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَعَرَضُوا عَلَيْهِ أُمُورًا كَرِهَ جَمِيعَها فَهَمَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ والمُسْلِمُونَ أنْ يَقْتُلُوهم فَأنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: ﴿يا أيُّها النَّبِيُّ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ﴾ يَعْنِي في نَقْضِ العَهْدِ الَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وبَيْنَهم إلى المُدَّةِ المَشْرُوطَةِ لَهم.
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(p-٣٧٠)﴿وَلا تُطِعِ الكافِرِينَ﴾ مِن أهْلِ مَكَّةَ.
﴿والمُنافِقِينَ﴾ مِن أهْلِ المَدِينَةِ فِيما دَعَوْا إلَيْهِ.
﴿إنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا﴾ يَحْتَمِلُ وجْهَيْنِ:
أحَدُهُما: عَلِيمًا بِسَرائِرِهِمْ حَكِيمًا بِتَأْخِيرِهِمْ.
الثّانِي: عَلِيمًا بِالمَصْلَحَةِ حَكِيمًا في التَّدْبِيرِ.
Page 418
سورة الأحزاب
Al-Ahzab
The Combined Forces · Medinan · 73 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
33:1
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ ٱتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ وَلَا تُطِعِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ وَٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا ١
O Prophet, fear Allāh and do not obey the disbelievers and the hypocrites. Indeed, Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.
33:2
وَٱتَّبِعۡ مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا ٢
And follow that which is revealed to you from your Lord. Indeed Allāh is ever, of what you do, Aware.
33:3
وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ وَكِيلٗا ٣
And rely upon Allāh; and sufficient is Allāh as Disposer of affairs.1
1 translator’s note
- Refer to footnote in 3:173. ↩
33:4
مَّا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِرَجُلٖ مِّن قَلۡبَيۡنِ فِي جَوۡفِهِۦۚ وَمَا جَعَلَ أَزۡوَٰجَكُمُ ٱلَّٰٓـِٔي تُظَٰهِرُونَ مِنۡهُنَّ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمۡۚ وَمَا جَعَلَ أَدۡعِيَآءَكُمۡ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ قَوۡلُكُم بِأَفۡوَٰهِكُمۡۖ وَٱللَّهُ يَقُولُ ٱلۡحَقَّ وَهُوَ يَهۡدِي ٱلسَّبِيلَ ٤
Allāh has not made for a man two hearts in his interior. And He has not made your wives whom you declare unlawful1 your mothers. And He has not made your claimed [i.e., adopted] sons your [true] sons. That is [merely] your saying by your mouths, but Allāh says the truth, and He guides to the [right] way.
1 translator’s note
- By the expression "You are to me like the back of my mother." Such an oath taken against approaching one's wife was a pre-Islāmic practice declared by Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) to be a sin requiring expiation as described in 58:3-4. ↩
33:5
ٱدۡعُوهُمۡ لِأٓبَآئِهِمۡ هُوَ أَقۡسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ تَعۡلَمُوٓاْ ءَابَآءَهُمۡ فَإِخۡوَٰنُكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ وَمَوَٰلِيكُمۡۚ وَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٞ فِيمَآ أَخۡطَأۡتُم بِهِۦ وَلَٰكِن مَّا تَعَمَّدَتۡ قُلُوبُكُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمًا ٥
Call them1 by [the names of] their fathers; it is more just in the sight of Allāh. But if you do not know their fathers - then they are [still] your brothers in religion and those entrusted to you. And there is no blame upon you for that in which you have erred but [only for] what your hearts intended. And ever is Allāh Forgiving and Merciful.
1 translator’s note
- Those children under your care. ↩
33:6
ٱلنَّبِيُّ أَوۡلَىٰ بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مِنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡۖ وَأَزۡوَٰجُهُۥٓ أُمَّهَٰتُهُمۡۗ وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضٖ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ إِلَّآ أَن تَفۡعَلُوٓاْ إِلَىٰٓ أَوۡلِيَآئِكُم مَّعۡرُوفٗاۚ كَانَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مَسۡطُورٗا ٦
The Prophet is more worthy of the believers than themselves,1 and his wives are [in the position of] their mothers. And those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allāh than the [other] believers and the emigrants, except that you may do to your close associates a kindness [through bequest]. That was in the Book2 inscribed.