SabaJuz 22 · Page 429

Saba 34:13

Sheba · Juz 22 · Page 429

يَعۡمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَٰرِيبَ وَتَمَٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٖ كَٱلۡجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٖ رَّاسِيَٰتٍۚ ٱعۡمَلُوٓاْ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكۡرٗاۚ وَقَلِيلٞ مِّنۡ عِبَادِيَ ٱلشَّكُورُ ١٣

They made for him what he willed of elevated chambers,1 statues,2 bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], "Work, O family of David, in gratitude." And few of My servants are grateful.

2 translator’s notes
  1. Described by commentators as palaces, dwellings, or places of prayer.

    [1221] Which were not prohibited until the time of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ).

    ↩
  2. ↩

Tafsir · in Arabic

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Commentary on 34:12–13

﴿وَلِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحَ﴾ أيْ وسَخَّرَنا لَهُ الرِّيحَ، وقُرِئَ «الرِّيحُ» بِالرَّفْعِ أيْ ولِسُلَيْمانَ الرِّيحُ مُسَخَّرَةٌ وقُرِئَ «الرِّياحُ» . ﴿غُدُوُّها شَهْرٌ ورَواحُها شَهْرٌ﴾ جَرْيُها بِالغَداةِ مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ وبِالعَشِيِّ كَذَلِكَ، وقُرِئَ «غُدْوَتُها» «وَرَوْحَتُها» . ﴿وَأسَلْنا لَهُ عَيْنَ القِطْرِ﴾ النُّحاسَ المُذابَ أسالَهُ لَهُ مِن مَعْدِنِهِ فَنَبَعَ مِنهُ نُبُوعَ الماءِ مِنَ اليَنْبُوعِ، ولِذَلِكَ سَمّاهُ عَيْنًا وكانَ ذَلِكَ بِاليَمَنِ. ﴿وَمِنَ الجِنِّ مَن يَعْمَلُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ﴾ عُطِفَ عَلى ( الرِّيحَ ) ( ومِنَ الجِنِّ ) حالٌ مُقَدَّمَةٌ، أوْ جُمْلَةٌ مِنَ مُبْتَدَأٍ وخَبَرٍ. ﴿بِإذْنِ رَبِّهِ﴾ بِأمْرِهِ. ﴿وَمَن يَزِغْ مِنهُمْ﴾ ومَن يَعْدِلْ مِنهم ﴿عَنْ أمْرِنا﴾ عَمّا أمَرْناهُ مِن طاعَةِ سُلَيْمانَ، وقُرِئَ «يَزُغْ» مِن أزاغَهُ. ﴿نُذِقْهُ مِن عَذابِ السَّعِيرِ﴾ عَذابِ الآخِرَةِ.

﴿يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ ما يَشاءُ مِن مَحارِيبَ﴾ قُصُورٍ حَصِينَةٍ ومَساكِنَ شَرِيفَةٍ سُمِّيَتْ بِها لِأنَّها يَذُبُّ عَنْها ويُحارِبُ عَلَيْها. ﴿وَتَماثِيلَ﴾ وصُوَرًا هي تَماثِيلُ لِلْمَلائِكَةِ والأنْبِياءِ عَلى ما اعْتادُوا مِنَ العِباداتِ لِيَراها النّاسُ فَيَعْبُدُوا نَحْوَ عِبادَتِهِمْ وحُرْمَةُ التَّصاوِيرِ شَرْعٌ مُجَدَّدٌ.

رُوِيَ أنَّهم عَمِلُوا لَهُ أسَدَيْنِ في أسْفَلِ كُرْسِيِّهِ ونَسْرَيْنِ فَوْقَهُ، فَإذا أرادَ أنْ يَصْعَدَ بَسَطَ الأسَدانِ لَهُ ذِراعَيْهِما وإذا قَعَدَ أظَلَّهُ النَّسْرانِ بِأجْنِحَتِهِما.

﴿وَجِفانٍ﴾ وصِحافٍ. ﴿كالجَوابِ﴾ كالحِياضِ الكِبارِ جَمْعُ جابِيَةٍ مِنَ الجِبايَةِ وهي مِنَ الصِّفاتِ الغالِبَةِ كالدّابَّةِ. ﴿وَقُدُورٍ راسِياتٍ﴾ ثابِتاتٍ عَلى الأثافِيِّ لا تَنْزِلُ عَنْها لِعِظَمِها. ﴿اعْمَلُوا آلَ داوُدَ شُكْرًا﴾ حِكايَةٌ عَمّا قِيلَ لَهم ( وشُكْرًا ) نُصِبَ عَلى العِلَّةِ أيِ: اعْمَلُوا لَهُ واعْبُدُوهُ شُكْرًا، أوِ المَصْدَرِ لِأنَّ العَمَلَ لَهُ شُكْرًا أوِ الوَصْفِ لَهُ أوِ الحالِ أوِ المَفْعُولِ بِهِ. ﴿وَقَلِيلٌ مِن (p-244)عِبادِيَ الشَّكُورُ﴾ المُتَوَفِّرُ عَلى أداءِ الشُّكْرِ بِقَلْبِهِ ولِسانِهِ وجَوارِحِهِ أكْثَرَ أوْقاتِهِ ومَعَ ذَلِكَ لا يُوَفّى حَقُّهُ، لِأنَّ تَوْفِيقَهُ الشُّكْرَ نِعْمَةٌ تَسْتَدْعِي شُكْرًا آخَرَ لا إلى نِهايَتِهِ، ولِذَلِكَ قِيلَ الشَّكُورُ مَن يَرى عَجْزَهُ عَنِ الشُّكْرِ.

Saheeh International · Al-Baydawi · Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api · Quran Foundation

Page 429

SabaJuz 22 · Page 429

34:8

أَفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَم بِهِۦ جِنَّةُۢۗ بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ وَٱلضَّلَٰلِ ٱلۡبَعِيدِ ٨

Has he invented about Allāh a lie or is there in him madness?" Rather, they who do not believe in the Hereafter will be in the punishment and [are in] extreme error.

34:9

أَفَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ إِن نَّشَأۡ نَخۡسِفۡ بِهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ أَوۡ نُسۡقِطۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ كِسَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّكُلِّ عَبۡدٖ مُّنِيبٖ ٩

Then, do they not look at what is before them and what is behind them of the heaven and earth? If We should will, We could cause the earth to swallow them or [could] let fall upon them fragments from the sky. Indeed in that is a sign for every servant turning back [to Allāh].

34:10

۞ وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا دَاوُۥدَ مِنَّا فَضۡلٗاۖ يَٰجِبَالُ أَوِّبِي مَعَهُۥ وَٱلطَّيۡرَۖ وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ ٱلۡحَدِيدَ ١٠

And We certainly gave David from Us bounty. [We said], "O mountains, repeat [Our] praises with him, and the birds [as well]." And We made pliable for him iron,

34:11

أَنِ ٱعۡمَلۡ سَٰبِغَٰتٖ وَقَدِّرۡ فِي ٱلسَّرۡدِۖ وَٱعۡمَلُواْ صَٰلِحًاۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١١

[Commanding him], "Make full coats of mail and calculate [precisely] the links, and work [all of you] righteousness. Indeed I, of what you do, am Seeing."

34:12

وَلِسُلَيۡمَٰنَ ٱلرِّيحَ غُدُوُّهَا شَهۡرٞ وَرَوَاحُهَا شَهۡرٞۖ وَأَسَلۡنَا لَهُۥ عَيۡنَ ٱلۡقِطۡرِۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ مَن يَعۡمَلُ بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهِۦۖ وَمَن يَزِغۡ مِنۡهُمۡ عَنۡ أَمۡرِنَا نُذِقۡهُ مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ ١٢

And to Solomon [We subjected] the wind - its morning [journey was that of] a month - and its afternoon [journey was that of] a month, and We made flow for him a spring of [liquid] copper. And among the jinn were those who worked for him by the permission of his Lord. And whoever deviated among them from Our command - We will make him taste of the punishment of the Blaze.

34:13

يَعۡمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَٰرِيبَ وَتَمَٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٖ كَٱلۡجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٖ رَّاسِيَٰتٍۚ ٱعۡمَلُوٓاْ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكۡرٗاۚ وَقَلِيلٞ مِّنۡ عِبَادِيَ ٱلشَّكُورُ ١٣

They made for him what he willed of elevated chambers,1 statues,2 bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], "Work, O family of David, in gratitude." And few of My servants are grateful.

2 translator’s notes
  1. Described by commentators as palaces, dwellings, or places of prayer.

    [1221] Which were not prohibited until the time of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ).

    ↩
  2. ↩

34:14

فَلَمَّا قَضَيۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ مَا دَلَّهُمۡ عَلَىٰ مَوۡتِهِۦٓ إِلَّا دَآبَّةُ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ تَأۡكُلُ مِنسَأَتَهُۥۖ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ ٱلۡجِنُّ أَن لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٱلۡغَيۡبَ مَا لَبِثُواْ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ ٱلۡمُهِينِ ١٤

And when We decreed for him [i.e., Solomon] death, nothing indicated to them [i.e., the jinn] his death except a creature of the earth eating his staff.1 But when he fell, it became clear to the jinn that if they had known the unseen, they would not have remained in humiliating punishment.2

2 translator’s notes
  1. Upon which he was leaning at the time of his death. A termite continued to gnaw into the stick until it collapsed under his weight.

    [1223] i.e., hard labor. This verse is evidence that the jinn do not possess knowledge of the unseen, which belongs exclusively to Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā).

    ↩
  2. ↩
Al-BaydawiTafsir · 34:13

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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