SabaJuz 22 · Page 429

Saba 34:8

Sheba · Juz 22 · Page 429

أَفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَم بِهِۦ جِنَّةُۢۗ بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ وَٱلضَّلَٰلِ ٱلۡبَعِيدِ ٨

Has he invented about Allāh a lie or is there in him madness?" Rather, they who do not believe in the Hereafter will be in the punishment and [are in] extreme error.

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Commentary on 34:8

قوله: {أفترى} : هذه همزةُ استفهامٍ. وحُذِفَتْ لأجلها همزةُ الوصل، فلذلك تَثْبُتُ هذه الهمزةُ وصلاً وابتداءً. وبهذه الآيةِ استدلَّ الجاحظُ على أنَّ الكلامَ ثلاثةُ أقسامٍ: صدقٍ، كذبٍ، لا صدقٍ ولا كذبٍ. ووَجْهُ الدلالةِ منه على القسمِ الثالث أنَّ قولَه: {أَم بِهِ جِنَّةٌ} لا جائزٌ أن يكون كذباً لأنه قسيمُ الكذبِ، وقسيمُ الشَيءِ غيرُه، ولا جائزٌ أن يكون صِدْقاً لأنهم لم يعتقدوه، فثبت قسمٌ ثالث. وقد أجيب عنه بأن المعنى: أم لم يَفْتَرِ. ولكن عَبَّر عن هذا بقولهم {أَم بِهِ جِنَّةٌ} لأن المجنونَ لا افتراءَ له.

والظاهرُ في «أم» هذه متصلةٌ؛ لأنها تتقدَّرُ بأي الشيئين. ويجابُ بأحدِهما، كأنه قيل: أيُّ الشيئين واقعٌ: افتراؤه الكذبَ أم كونُه مجنوناً؟ ولا يَضُرُّكونُها بعدها جملةٌ؛ لأنَّ الجملةَ بتأويلِ المفردِ كقوله: /

3721 - لا أُبالي أَنَبَّ بالحَزْنِ تَيْسٌ ... أم جفاني بظهرِ غَيْبٍ لئيمُ

ومثلُه قولُ الآخر:

3722 - لَعَمْرُك ما أدْري وإنْ كنتُ دارياً ... شُعَيْثُ ابن سَهْمٍ أم شُعَيْثُ ابنُ منقرِ

«ابن منقر» خبرٌ، لا نعت. كذا أنشده بعضُهم مستشهداً على أنها جملةٌ، وفيه حَذْفُ التنوين مِمَّا قبل «ابن» وليس بصفةٍ. وقد عَرَفْتَ ما أَشَرْتُ إليه هنا من سورة التوبة.

Saheeh International · As-Samin al-Halabi · Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api · Quran Foundation

Page 429

SabaJuz 22 · Page 429

34:8

أَفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَم بِهِۦ جِنَّةُۢۗ بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ وَٱلضَّلَٰلِ ٱلۡبَعِيدِ ٨

Has he invented about Allāh a lie or is there in him madness?" Rather, they who do not believe in the Hereafter will be in the punishment and [are in] extreme error.

34:9

أَفَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ إِن نَّشَأۡ نَخۡسِفۡ بِهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ أَوۡ نُسۡقِطۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ كِسَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّكُلِّ عَبۡدٖ مُّنِيبٖ ٩

Then, do they not look at what is before them and what is behind them of the heaven and earth? If We should will, We could cause the earth to swallow them or [could] let fall upon them fragments from the sky. Indeed in that is a sign for every servant turning back [to Allāh].

34:10

۞ وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا دَاوُۥدَ مِنَّا فَضۡلٗاۖ يَٰجِبَالُ أَوِّبِي مَعَهُۥ وَٱلطَّيۡرَۖ وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ ٱلۡحَدِيدَ ١٠

And We certainly gave David from Us bounty. [We said], "O mountains, repeat [Our] praises with him, and the birds [as well]." And We made pliable for him iron,

34:11

أَنِ ٱعۡمَلۡ سَٰبِغَٰتٖ وَقَدِّرۡ فِي ٱلسَّرۡدِۖ وَٱعۡمَلُواْ صَٰلِحًاۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١١

[Commanding him], "Make full coats of mail and calculate [precisely] the links, and work [all of you] righteousness. Indeed I, of what you do, am Seeing."

34:12

وَلِسُلَيۡمَٰنَ ٱلرِّيحَ غُدُوُّهَا شَهۡرٞ وَرَوَاحُهَا شَهۡرٞۖ وَأَسَلۡنَا لَهُۥ عَيۡنَ ٱلۡقِطۡرِۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ مَن يَعۡمَلُ بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهِۦۖ وَمَن يَزِغۡ مِنۡهُمۡ عَنۡ أَمۡرِنَا نُذِقۡهُ مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ ١٢

And to Solomon [We subjected] the wind - its morning [journey was that of] a month - and its afternoon [journey was that of] a month, and We made flow for him a spring of [liquid] copper. And among the jinn were those who worked for him by the permission of his Lord. And whoever deviated among them from Our command - We will make him taste of the punishment of the Blaze.

34:13

يَعۡمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَٰرِيبَ وَتَمَٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٖ كَٱلۡجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٖ رَّاسِيَٰتٍۚ ٱعۡمَلُوٓاْ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكۡرٗاۚ وَقَلِيلٞ مِّنۡ عِبَادِيَ ٱلشَّكُورُ ١٣

They made for him what he willed of elevated chambers,1 statues,2 bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], "Work, O family of David, in gratitude." And few of My servants are grateful.

2 translator’s notes
  1. Described by commentators as palaces, dwellings, or places of prayer.

    [1221] Which were not prohibited until the time of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ).

    ↩
  2. ↩

34:14

فَلَمَّا قَضَيۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ مَا دَلَّهُمۡ عَلَىٰ مَوۡتِهِۦٓ إِلَّا دَآبَّةُ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ تَأۡكُلُ مِنسَأَتَهُۥۖ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ ٱلۡجِنُّ أَن لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٱلۡغَيۡبَ مَا لَبِثُواْ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ ٱلۡمُهِينِ ١٤

And when We decreed for him [i.e., Solomon] death, nothing indicated to them [i.e., the jinn] his death except a creature of the earth eating his staff.1 But when he fell, it became clear to the jinn that if they had known the unseen, they would not have remained in humiliating punishment.2

2 translator’s notes
  1. Upon which he was leaning at the time of his death. A termite continued to gnaw into the stick until it collapsed under his weight.

    [1223] i.e., hard labor. This verse is evidence that the jinn do not possess knowledge of the unseen, which belongs exclusively to Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā).

    ↩
  2. ↩
As-Samin al-HalabiTafsir · 34:8

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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