Fatir 35:20
Originator · Juz 22 · Page 437
وَلَا ٱلظُّلُمَٰتُ وَلَا ٱلنُّورُ ٢٠
Nor are the darknesses and the light,
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Biqa'i
Detailed
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Commentary on 35:20
ولَمّا كانَ هَذا مِن أغْرَبِ الأُمُورِ؛ وإنْ غُفِلَ عَنْهُ؛ لِكَثْرَةِ إلْفِهِ؛ نَبَّهَ عَلى غَرابَتِهِ؛ ومَزِيدِ ظُهُورِ القُدْرَةِ فِيهِ؛ بِتَكْرِيرِ النّافِي في أشْباهِهِ؛ وعَلى أنَّ البَصَرَ لا يَنْفُذُ إلّا في الظُّلْمَةِ؛ تَنْبِيهًا عَلى أنَّ المَعاصِيَ تُظْلِمُ قَلْبَ المُؤْمِنِ؛ وإنْ كانَ بَصِيرًا؛ وقَدَّمَ الظُّلْمَةَ لِأنَّها أشَدُّ إظْهارًا لِتَفاوُتِ البَصَرِ؛ مَعَ المُناسَبَةِ لِلسِّياقِ؛ عَلى ما قَرَّرَ؛ فَقالَ - في عَطْفِ الزَّوْجِ عَلى الزَّوْجِ؛ وعَطْفِ الفَرْدِ عَلى الفَرْدِ؛ جامِعًا؛ تَنْبِيهًا عَلى أنَّ طُرُقَ الضَّلالِ يَتَعَذَّرُ حَصْرُها -: ﴿ولا الظُّلُماتُ﴾؛ الَّتِي هي مِثالٌ لِلْأباطِيلِ؛ وأكَّدَ بِتَكْرِيرِ النّافِي؛ كالَّذِي قَبْلَهُ؛ لِأنَّ المُفاوَتَةَ بَيْنَ أفْرادِ الظُّلْمَةِ؛ وأفْرادِ النُّورِ خَفِيَّةٌ؛ فَقالَ - مُنَبِّهًا عَلى أنَّ طَرِيقَ الحَقِّ واحِدَةٌ؛ تَكْذِيبًا لِمَن قالَ مِنَ الزَّنادِقَةِ: الطُّرُقُ إلى اللَّهِ بِعَدَدِ أنْفاسِ الخَلائِقِ -: ﴿ولا النُّورُ﴾؛ الَّذِي هو مِثالٌ لِلْحَقِّ؛ فَما أبْدَعَهُما - عَلى هَذا التَّضادِّ - إلّا اللَّهُ (تَعالى) الفاعِلُ المُخْتارُ؛ وفاوَتَ بَيْنَ أفْرادِ النُّورِ (p-٣٨)وأفْرادِ الظُّلْمَةِ؛ فَما يُشْبِهُ نُورُ الشَّمْسِ نُورَ القَمَرِ؛ ولا شَيْءٌ مِنهُما نُورَ غَيْرِهِما مِنَ النُّجُومِ؛ ولا شَيْءٌ مِن ذَلِكَ نُورَ السِّراجِ؛ إلى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الأنْوارِ؛ وإذا اعْتَبَرْتَ أفْرادَ الظُّلُماتِ وجَدْتَها كَذَلِكَ؛ فَإنَّ الظُّلُماتِ إنَّما هي ظِلالٌ؛ وبَعْضُ الظِّلالِ أكْثَفُ مِن بَعْضٍ.
Page 437
35:19
وَمَا يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَٱلۡبَصِيرُ ١٩
Not equal are the blind and the seeing,
35:20
وَلَا ٱلظُّلُمَٰتُ وَلَا ٱلنُّورُ ٢٠
Nor are the darknesses and the light,
35:21
وَلَا ٱلظِّلُّ وَلَا ٱلۡحَرُورُ ٢١
Nor are the shade and the heat,1
1 translator’s note
- Of the sun or of a scorching wind. ↩
35:22
وَمَا يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡأَحۡيَآءُ وَلَا ٱلۡأَمۡوَٰتُۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُسۡمِعُ مَن يَشَآءُۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ بِمُسۡمِعٖ مَّن فِي ٱلۡقُبُورِ ٢٢
And not equal are the living and the dead. Indeed, Allāh causes to hear whom He wills, but you cannot make hear those in the graves.1
1 translator’s note
- The four comparisons given by Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) in verses 19-22 are those of the believer and unbeliever, various kinds of misbelief and (true) belief, Paradise and Hellfire, and those receptive to guidance and those unreceptive. ↩
35:23
إِنۡ أَنتَ إِلَّا نَذِيرٌ ٢٣
You, [O Muḥammad], are not but a warner.
35:24
إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ بَشِيرٗا وَنَذِيرٗاۚ وَإِن مِّنۡ أُمَّةٍ إِلَّا خَلَا فِيهَا نَذِيرٞ ٢٤
Indeed, We have sent you with the truth as a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And there was no nation but that there had passed within it a warner.
35:25
وَإِن يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدۡ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ جَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَبِٱلزُّبُرِ وَبِٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلۡمُنِيرِ ٢٥
And if they deny you - then already have those before them denied. Their messengers came to them with clear proofs and written ordinances and with the enlightening Scripture.
35:26
ثُمَّ أَخَذۡتُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۖ فَكَيۡفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ ٢٦
Then I seized the ones who disbelieved, and how [terrible] was My reproach.
35:27
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَخۡرَجۡنَا بِهِۦ ثَمَرَٰتٖ مُّخۡتَلِفًا أَلۡوَٰنُهَاۚ وَمِنَ ٱلۡجِبَالِ جُدَدُۢ بِيضٞ وَحُمۡرٞ مُّخۡتَلِفٌ أَلۡوَٰنُهَا وَغَرَابِيبُ سُودٞ ٢٧
Do you not see that Allāh sends down rain from the sky, and We produce thereby fruits of varying colors? And in the mountains are tracts, white and red of varying shades and [some] extremely black.
35:28
وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَٱلدَّوَآبِّ وَٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ مُخۡتَلِفٌ أَلۡوَٰنُهُۥ كَذَٰلِكَۗ إِنَّمَا يَخۡشَى ٱللَّهَ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِ ٱلۡعُلَمَٰٓؤُاْۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ غَفُورٌ ٢٨
And among people and moving creatures and grazing livestock are various colors similarly. Only those fear Allāh, from among His servants, who have knowledge. Indeed, Allāh is Exalted in Might and Forgiving.
35:29
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتۡلُونَ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَنفَقُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ سِرّٗا وَعَلَانِيَةٗ يَرۡجُونَ تِجَٰرَةٗ لَّن تَبُورَ ٢٩
Indeed, those who recite the Book of Allāh and establish prayer and spend [in His cause] out of what We have provided them, secretly and publicly, [can] expect a transaction [i.e., profit] that will never perish -
35:30
لِيُوَفِّيَهُمۡ أُجُورَهُمۡ وَيَزِيدَهُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ غَفُورٞ شَكُورٞ ٣٠
That He may give them in full their rewards and increase for them of His bounty. Indeed, He is Forgiving and Appreciative.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., He gives much in return for little and multiplies rewards. ↩