As-Saffat 37:146
Those who set the Ranks · Juz 23 · Page 451
وَأَنۢبَتۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ شَجَرَةٗ مِّن يَقۡطِينٖ ١٤٦
And We caused to grow over him a gourd vine.1
1 translator’s note
- Which is known to give cooling shade and to be a repellent of flies. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Biqa'i
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Commentary on 37:146
﴿وأنْبَتْنا﴾؛ أيْ: بِعَظَمَتِنا؛ في ذَلِكَ المَكانِ؛ الَّذِي لا مُقْتَضى لِلنَّباتِ مُطْلَقًا فِيهِ؛ فَضْلًا عَمّا لا يَنْبُتُ إلّا بِالماءِ الكَثِيرِ.
ولَمّا كانَ سُقْمُهُ مُتَناهِيًا؛ بالِغًا إلى حَدٍّ يَجِلُّ عَنِ الوَصْفِ؛ نَبَّهَ عَلَيْهِ بِأداةِ الِاسْتِعْلاءِ؛ فَقالَ: ﴿عَلَيْهِ﴾؛ أيْ: ورَفَعْناها حالَ إنْباتِنا إيّاها فَوْقَهُ؛ لِتُظِلَّهُ كَما يُظِلُّ البَيْتُ الإنْسانَ؛ ولَمّا كانَ الدُّبّاءُ مِنَ النَّجْمِ؛ وكانَ قَدْ أعْظَمَها - سُبْحانَهُ - لِأجْلِهِ؛ عَبَّرَ عَنْها بِما لَهُ ساقٌ؛ فَقالَ: ﴿شَجَرَةً﴾؛ ولَمّا كانَتْ هَذِهِ العِبارَةُ مُفْهِمَةً لِأنَّها مِمّا لَهُ ساقٌ؛ نَصَّ عَلى خَرْقِ العادَةِ بِقَوْلِهِ: (p-٢٩٥)﴿مِن يَقْطِينٍ﴾؛ أيْ: مِنَ الأشْجارِ الَّتِي تَلْزَمُ الأرْضَ؛ وتَقْطُنُ فِيها؛ وتَصْلُحُ لِأنْ يَأْوِيَ إلَيْها ويَقْطُنَ عِنْدَها؛ حَتّى يَصْلُحَ حالُهُ؛ فَإنَّهُ (تَعالى) عَظَّمَها؛ وأخْرَجَها عَنْ عادَةِ أمْثالِها؛ حَتّى صارَتْ عَلَيْهِ كالعَرِيشِ؛ و”اليَقْطِينُ“: كُلُّ ما يَمْتَدُّ ويَنْبَسِطُ عَلى وجْهِ الأرْضِ؛ ولا يَبْقى عَلى الشِّتاءِ؛ ولا يَقُومُ عَلى ساقٍ؛ كالبِطِّيخِ؛ والقِثّاءِ؛ والمُرادُ بِهِ هُنا - كَما قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُما - شَجَرَةُ القَرْعِ؛ لِعِظَمِ ورَقِها؛ وبَرَدِ ظِلِّها؛ ونُعُومَةِ مَلْمَسِها؛ وأنَّ الذُّبابَ لا يَقْرَبُها؛ قالَ أبُو حَيّانَ: وماءُ ورَقِهِ إذا رُشَّ بِهِ مَكانٌ لا يَقْرَبُهُ ذُبابٌ أصْلًا؛ وقالَ غَيْرُهُ: فِيهِ مُلاءَمَةٌ لِجَسَدِ الإنْسانِ؛ حَتّى لَوْ ذَهَبَتْ عَظْمَةٌ مِن رَأسِهِ فَوُضِعَ مَكانَها قِطْعَةٌ مِن جِلْدِ القَرْعِ؛ نَبَتَ عَلَيْها اللَّحْمُ وسَدَّ مَسَدَّهُ؛ وهو مِن ”قَطَنَ بِالمَكانِ“؛ إذا أقامَ بِهِ إقامَةَ زائِلٍ؛ لا ثابِتٍ.
Page 451
37:127
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمۡ لَمُحۡضَرُونَ ١٢٧
And they denied him, so indeed, they will be brought [for punishment],
37:128
إِلَّا عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡمُخۡلَصِينَ ١٢٨
Except the chosen servants of Allāh.
37:129
وَتَرَكۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرِينَ ١٢٩
And We left for him [favorable mention] among later generations:
37:130
سَلَٰمٌ عَلَىٰٓ إِلۡ يَاسِينَ ١٣٠
"Peace upon Elias."1
1 translator’s note
- Ilyāseen is said by some commentators to be a plural form, meaning "Elias and those who followed him." ↩
37:131
إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٣١
Indeed, We thus reward the doers of good.
37:132
إِنَّهُۥ مِنۡ عِبَادِنَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٢
Indeed, he was of Our believing servants.
37:133
وَإِنَّ لُوطٗا لَّمِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ١٣٣
And indeed, Lot was among the messengers.
37:134
إِذۡ نَجَّيۡنَٰهُ وَأَهۡلَهُۥٓ أَجۡمَعِينَ ١٣٤
[So mention] when We saved him and his family, all,
37:135
إِلَّا عَجُوزٗا فِي ٱلۡغَٰبِرِينَ ١٣٥
Except an old woman [i.e., his wife] among those who remained [with the evildoers].
37:136
ثُمَّ دَمَّرۡنَا ٱلۡأٓخَرِينَ ١٣٦
Then We destroyed the others.
37:137
وَإِنَّكُمۡ لَتَمُرُّونَ عَلَيۡهِم مُّصۡبِحِينَ ١٣٧
And indeed, you pass by them in the morning
37:138
وَبِٱلَّيۡلِۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٣٨
And at night. Then will you not use reason?
37:139
وَإِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ١٣٩
And indeed, Jonah was among the messengers.
37:140
إِذۡ أَبَقَ إِلَى ٱلۡفُلۡكِ ٱلۡمَشۡحُونِ ١٤٠
[Mention] when he ran away to the laden ship.
37:141
فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُدۡحَضِينَ ١٤١
And he drew lots1 and was among the losers.
1 translator’s note
- To determine who would be cast overboard in order to save the other passengers. Having been overloaded, the ship was on the verge of sinking. ↩
37:142
فَٱلۡتَقَمَهُ ٱلۡحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٞ ١٤٢
Then the fish swallowed him, while he was blameworthy.1
1 translator’s note
- For having given up hope on his people prematurely and having left them without permission from Allāh. ↩
37:143
فَلَوۡلَآ أَنَّهُۥ كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُسَبِّحِينَ ١٤٣
And had he not been of those who exalt Allāh,
37:144
لَلَبِثَ فِي بَطۡنِهِۦٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يُبۡعَثُونَ ١٤٤
He would have remained inside its belly until the Day they are resurrected.1
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that the belly of the fish would have become his grave. ↩
37:145
۞ فَنَبَذۡنَٰهُ بِٱلۡعَرَآءِ وَهُوَ سَقِيمٞ ١٤٥
But We threw him onto the open shore while he was ill.
37:146
وَأَنۢبَتۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ شَجَرَةٗ مِّن يَقۡطِينٖ ١٤٦
And We caused to grow over him a gourd vine.1
1 translator’s note
- Which is known to give cooling shade and to be a repellent of flies. ↩
37:147
وَأَرۡسَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَىٰ مِاْئَةِ أَلۡفٍ أَوۡ يَزِيدُونَ ١٤٧
And We sent him1 to [his people of] a hundred thousand or more.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., returned him thereafter. ↩
37:148
فَـَٔامَنُواْ فَمَتَّعۡنَٰهُمۡ إِلَىٰ حِينٖ ١٤٨
And they believed, so We gave them enjoyment [of life] for a time.
37:149
فَٱسۡتَفۡتِهِمۡ أَلِرَبِّكَ ٱلۡبَنَاتُ وَلَهُمُ ٱلۡبَنُونَ ١٤٩
So inquire of them, [O Muḥammad], "Does your Lord have daughters while they have sons?1
1 translator’s note
- The people of Makkah claimed that the angels were daughters of Allāh, yet they preferred sons for themselves. ↩
37:150
أَمۡ خَلَقۡنَا ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ إِنَٰثٗا وَهُمۡ شَٰهِدُونَ ١٥٠
Or did We create the angels as females while they were witnesses?"
37:151
أَلَآ إِنَّهُم مِّنۡ إِفۡكِهِمۡ لَيَقُولُونَ ١٥١
Unquestionably, it is out of their [invented] falsehood that they say,
37:152
وَلَدَ ٱللَّهُ وَإِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ١٥٢
"Allāh has begotten," and indeed, they are liars.
37:153
أَصۡطَفَى ٱلۡبَنَاتِ عَلَى ٱلۡبَنِينَ ١٥٣
Has He chosen daughters over sons?