بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Sad 38:14
The Letter "Saad" · Juz 23 · Page 453
إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ١٤
Each of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Biqa'i
Detailed
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Commentary on 38:14
(p-٣٤٤)ولَمّا كانَ في مَعْرِضِ المُعارَضَةِ لِتَألُّبِهِمْ وشِقاقِهِمْ؛ وتَجَمُّعِهِمْ عَلى المُناوَأةِ باطِلًا؛ واتِّفاقِهِمْ؛ ولَمّا كانُوا لِما عِنْدَهم مِنَ العِنادِ؛ وحَمِيَّةِ الجاهِلِيَّةِ؛ رُبَّما أنْكَرُوا أنْ يَكُونَ هَلاكُ هَؤُلاءِ الأحْزابِ لِأجْلِ التَّكْذِيبِ؛ وقالُوا: هو عادَةُ الدَّهْرِ في الإهْلاكِ؛ والتَّخالُفِ في أسْبابِ الهَلاكِ؛ قالَ - مُؤَكِّدًا بِأنْواعِ التَّأْكِيدِ -: ﴿إنْ﴾؛ أيْ: ما؛ ﴿كُلٌّ﴾؛ مِن هَذِهِ الفِرَقِ؛ كانَ لِهَلاكِهِ سَبَبٌ مِنَ الأسْبابِ؛ ﴿إلا﴾؛ أنَّهُ؛ ﴿كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ﴾؛ أيْ: كُلَّهُمْ؛ بِتَكْذِيبِ رَسُولِهِ؛ فَإنَّ مَن كَذَّبَ رَسُولًا واحِدًا؛ مَعَ ثُبُوتِ رِسالَتِهِ؛ فَقَدِ اسْتَهانَ بِمَن أرْسَلَهُ؛ وذَلِكَ مَلْزُومٌ لِتَكْذِيبِ جَمِيعِ مَن يُرْسِلُهُ؛ لِتَساوِي أقْدامِ المُعْجِزاتِ الَّتِي ثَبَتَتْ رِسالَتُهم بِها؛ في إيجابِ التَّصْدِيقِ؛ ﴿فَحَقَّ﴾؛ أيْ: فَتَسَبَّبَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ التَّكْذِيبِ أنَّهُ حَقَّ ﴿عِقابِ﴾؛ أيْ: ثَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ؛ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلى التَّخَلُّصِ مِنهُ بِوَجْهٍ مِنَ الوُجُوهِ؛ والعُدُولُ إلى إفْرادِ الضَّمِيرِ مَعَ أُسْلُوبِ التَّكَلُّمِ؛ لِأنَّ المَقامَ لِلتَّوْحِيدِ؛ كَما مَضى؛ وهو أنَصُّ عَلى المُرادِ؛ وتَقَدَّمَ السِّرُّ في حَذْفِ الياءِ رَسْمًا في جَمِيعِ المَصاحِفِ؛ وقِراءَةً عِنْدَ أكْثَرِ القُرّاءِ؛ وفي إثْباتِها في الحالَيْنِ لِيَعْقُوبَ وحْدَهُ.
ولَمّا كانَ السِّياقُ لِلشِّقاقِ؛ والإذْعانِ لِلذِّكْرِ؛ الَّذِي هو المَوْعِظَةُ ذاتُ الشَّرَفِ:
؎لا يَسْلَمُ الشَّرَفُ الرَّفِيعُ مِنَ الأذى ∗∗∗ حَتّى يُراقَ عَلى جَوانِبِهِ الدَّمُ
كانَ الحالُ مُقْتَضِيًا لِلْعُقُوبَةِ؛ بِخِلافِ ما في ”ق“؛ فَإنَّ السِّياقَ لِإنْكارِهِمُ البَعْثَ؛ (p-٣٤٥)وصِحَّةِ النِّذارَةِ؛ وإثْباتِ المَجْدِ؛ فَكانَ الوَعِيدُ في ذَلِكَ كافِيًا.
Page 453
سورة ص
Sad
The Letter "Saad" · Meccan · 88 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
38:1
صٓۚ وَٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ ذِي ٱلذِّكۡرِ ١
38:2
بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي عِزَّةٖ وَشِقَاقٖ ٢
But those who disbelieve are in pride and dissension.
38:3
كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن قَرۡنٖ فَنَادَواْ وَّلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٖ ٣
How many a generation have We destroyed before them, and they [then] called out; but it was not a time for escape.
38:4
وَعَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا سَٰحِرٞ كَذَّابٌ ٤
And they wonder that there has come to them a warner [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] from among themselves. And the disbelievers say, "This is a magician and a liar.
38:5
أَجَعَلَ ٱلۡأٓلِهَةَ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدًاۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٌ عُجَابٞ ٥
Has he made the gods [only] one God? Indeed, this is a curious thing."
38:6
وَٱنطَلَقَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِنۡهُمۡ أَنِ ٱمۡشُواْ وَٱصۡبِرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ ءَالِهَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٞ يُرَادُ ٦
And the eminent among them went forth, [saying], "Continue, and be patient over [the defense of] your gods. Indeed, this is a thing intended.1
1 translator’s note
- Planned by Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) in order to gain influence and prestige for himself. ↩
38:7
مَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي ٱلۡمِلَّةِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا ٱخۡتِلَٰقٌ ٧
We have not heard of this in the latest religion.1 This is not but a fabrication.
1 translator’s note
- Referring to Christianity or possibly the pagan religion of the Quraysh. ↩
38:8
أَءُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلذِّكۡرُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِنَاۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكّٖ مِّن ذِكۡرِيۚ بَل لَّمَّا يَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِ ٨
Has the message been revealed to him out of [all of] us?" Rather, they are in doubt about My message. Rather, they have not yet tasted My punishment.
38:9
أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَحۡمَةِ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡوَهَّابِ ٩
Or do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might, the Bestower?1
1 translator’s note
- Refer to footnote of verse 3:8. ↩
38:10
أَمۡ لَهُم مُّلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ فَلۡيَرۡتَقُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَسۡبَٰبِ ١٠
Or is theirs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what is between them? Then let them ascend through [any] ways of access.1
1 translator’s note
- To oversee the affairs of their dominion. ↩
38:11
جُندٞ مَّا هُنَالِكَ مَهۡزُومٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ ١١
[They are but] soldiers [who will be] defeated there among the companies [of disbelievers].
38:12
كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٖ وَعَادٞ وَفِرۡعَوۡنُ ذُو ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ ١٢
The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] ʿAad and Pharaoh, the owner of stakes,1
1 translator’s note
- By which he tortured people. ↩
38:13
وَثَمُودُ وَقَوۡمُ لُوطٖ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ لۡـَٔيۡكَةِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابُ ١٣
And [the tribe of] Thamūd and the people of Lot and the companions of the thicket [i.e., people of Madyan]. Those are the companies.1
1 translator’s note
- That were defeated, among whom will be the disbelievers of Quraysh and others. ↩
38:14
إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ١٤
Each of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.
38:15
وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٖ ١٥
And these [disbelievers] await not but one blast [of the Horn]; for it there will be no delay.1
1 translator’s note
- Or "respite." More literally, "a period between two milkings of a she-camel," which also alludes to the meanings of "return" or "repetition." ↩
38:16
وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبۡلَ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٦
And they say, "Our Lord, hasten for us our share [of the punishment] before the Day of Account."