Sad 38:44
The Letter "Saad" · Juz 23 · Page 456
وَخُذۡ بِيَدِكَ ضِغۡثٗا فَٱضۡرِب بِّهِۦ وَلَا تَحۡنَثۡۗ إِنَّا وَجَدۡنَٰهُ صَابِرٗاۚ نِّعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ٤٤
[We said], "And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do not break your oath."1 Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].
1 translator’s note
- At a point during his illness, Job became angry with his wife and swore that if he recovered, he would punish her with one hundred lashes. According to Allāh's instruction, the oath was fulfilled by striking her once with one hundred blades of grass. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 38:44
﴿وَخُذْ بِيَدِكَ ضِغْثًا﴾ مَعْطُوفٌ عَلى "ارْكُضْ"، أوْ عَلى "وَهَبْنا" بِتَقْدِيرِ: قُلْنا، أيْ: وقُلْنا " خُذْ بِيَدِكَ " . . . إلَخْ. والأوَّلُ أقْرَبُ لَفْظًا، وهَذا أنْسَبُ مَعْنًى. فَإنَّ الحاجَةَ إلى هَذا الأمْرِ لا تَمَسُّ إلّا بَعْدَ الصِّحَّةِ، فَإنَّ امْرَأتَهُ رَحْمَةَ بِنْتَ إفْرايِمَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ. وقِيلَ: لِيا بِنْتُ يَعْقُوبَ، وقِيلَ: ماصِرُ بِنْتُ مِيشا بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ ذَهَبَتْ لِحاجَةٍ فَأبْطَأتْ، فَحَلَفَ إنْ بَرِئَ لَيَضْرِبَنَّها مِائَةَ ضَرْبَةٍ، فَأمَرَهُ اللَّهُ تَعالى بِأخْذِ الضِّغْثِ. والضِّغْثُ: الحُزْمَةُ الصَّغِيرَةُ مِنَ الحَشِيشِ ونَحْوِهِ. وعَنِ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُما: قَبْضَةٌ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ. وقالَ: ﴿فاضْرِبْ بِهِ﴾ أيْ: بِذَلِكَ الضِّغْثِ.
﴿وَلا تَحْنَثْ﴾ في يَمِينِكَ فَإنَّ البِرَّ يَتَحَقَّقُ بِهِ، ولَقَدْ شَرَعَ اللَّهُ سُبْحانَهُ هَذِهِ الرُّخْصَةَ رَحْمَةً عَلَيْهِ وعَلَيْها؛ لِحُسْنِ خِدْمَتِها إيّاهُ، ورِضاهُ عَنْها، وهي باقِيَةٌ. ويَجِبُ أنْ يُصِيبَ المَضْرُوبَ كُلُّ واحِدٍ مِنَ المِائَةِ إمّا بِأطْرافِها قائِمَةً، أوْ بِأعْراضِها مَبْسُوطَةً عَلى هَيْئَةِ الضَّرْبِ.
﴿إنّا وجَدْناهُ صابِرًا﴾ فِيما أصابَهُ في النَّفْسِ والأهْلِ والمالِ، ولَيْسَ في شَكْواهُ إلى اللَّهِ تَعالى إخْلالٌ بِذَلِكَ فَإنَّهُ لا يُسَمّى جَزَعًا كَتَمَنِّي العافِيَةِ وطَلَبِ الشِّفاءِ، عَلى أنَّهُ قالَ ذَلِكَ خِيفَةَ الفِتْنَةِ في الدِّينِ، حَيْثُ كانَ الشَّيْطانُ يُوَسْوِسُ إلى قَوْمِهِ (p-230)بِأنَّهُ لَوْ كانَ نَبِيًّا لَما ابْتُلِيَ بِمِثْلِ ما ابُتُلِيَ بِهِ، وإرادَةُ القُوَّةِ عَلى الطّاعَةِ فَقَدْ بَلَغَ أمْرُهُ إلى أنْ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنهُ إلّا القَلْبُ واللِّسانُ. ويُرْوى أنَّهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قالَ في مُناجاتِهِ: "إلَهِي قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أنَّهُ لَمْ يُخالِفْ لِسانِي قَلْبِي، ولَمْ يَتْبَعْ قَلْبِي بَصَرِي، ولَمْ يَهَبْنِي ما مَلَكَتْ يَمِينِي، ولَمْ آكُلْ إلّا ومَعِي يَتِيمٌ، ولَمْ أبِتْ شَبْعانَ ولا كاسِيًا ومَعِي جائِعٌ أوْ عُرْيانُ" . فَكَشَفَ اللَّهُ تَعالى عَنْهُ.
﴿نِعْمَ العَبْدُ﴾ أيْ: أيُّوبُ.
﴿إنَّهُ أوّابٌ﴾ تَعْلِيلٌ لِمَدْحِهِ، أيْ: رَجّاعٌ إلى اللَّهِ تَعالى:
Page 456
38:43
وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥٓ أَهۡلَهُۥ وَمِثۡلَهُم مَّعَهُمۡ رَحۡمَةٗ مِّنَّا وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٤٣
And We granted him his family and a like [number] with them as mercy from Us and a reminder for those of understanding.
38:44
وَخُذۡ بِيَدِكَ ضِغۡثٗا فَٱضۡرِب بِّهِۦ وَلَا تَحۡنَثۡۗ إِنَّا وَجَدۡنَٰهُ صَابِرٗاۚ نِّعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ٤٤
[We said], "And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do not break your oath."1 Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].
1 translator’s note
- At a point during his illness, Job became angry with his wife and swore that if he recovered, he would punish her with one hundred lashes. According to Allāh's instruction, the oath was fulfilled by striking her once with one hundred blades of grass. ↩
38:45
وَٱذۡكُرۡ عِبَٰدَنَآ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَيۡدِي وَٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٤٥
And remember Our servants, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob - those of strength and [religious] vision.
38:46
إِنَّآ أَخۡلَصۡنَٰهُم بِخَالِصَةٖ ذِكۡرَى ٱلدَّارِ ٤٦
Indeed, We chose them for an exclusive quality: remembrance of the home [of the Hereafter].
38:47
وَإِنَّهُمۡ عِندَنَا لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡطَفَيۡنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٧
And indeed they are, to Us, among the chosen and outstanding.
38:48
وَٱذۡكُرۡ إِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَٱلۡيَسَعَ وَذَا ٱلۡكِفۡلِۖ وَكُلّٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٨
And remember Ishmael, Elisha and Dhul-Kifl, and all are among the outstanding.
38:49
هَٰذَا ذِكۡرٞۚ وَإِنَّ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ لَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٤٩
This is a reminder. And indeed, for the righteous is a good place of return -
38:50
جَنَّٰتِ عَدۡنٖ مُّفَتَّحَةٗ لَّهُمُ ٱلۡأَبۡوَٰبُ ٥٠
Gardens of perpetual residence, whose doors will be opened to them.
38:51
مُتَّكِـِٔينَ فِيهَا يَدۡعُونَ فِيهَا بِفَٰكِهَةٖ كَثِيرَةٖ وَشَرَابٖ ٥١
Reclining within them, they will call therein for abundant fruit and drink.
38:52
۞ وَعِندَهُمۡ قَٰصِرَٰتُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ أَتۡرَابٌ ٥٢
And with them will be women limiting [their] glances1 and of equal age.
1 translator’s note
- To their mates alone. ↩
38:53
هَٰذَا مَا تُوعَدُونَ لِيَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٥٣
This is what you, [the righteous], are promised for the Day of Account.
38:54
إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَرِزۡقُنَا مَا لَهُۥ مِن نَّفَادٍ ٥٤
Indeed, this is Our provision; for it there is no depletion.
38:55
هَٰذَاۚ وَإِنَّ لِلطَّٰغِينَ لَشَرَّ مَـَٔابٖ ٥٥
This [is so]. But indeed, for the transgressors is an evil place of return -
38:56
جَهَنَّمَ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَا فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمِهَادُ ٥٦
Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the resting place.
38:57
هَٰذَا فَلۡيَذُوقُوهُ حَمِيمٞ وَغَسَّاقٞ ٥٧
This - so let them taste it - is scalding water and [foul] purulence.
38:58
وَءَاخَرُ مِن شَكۡلِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٌ ٥٨
And other [punishments] of its type [in various] kinds.
38:59
هَٰذَا فَوۡجٞ مُّقۡتَحِمٞ مَّعَكُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِهِمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ صَالُواْ ٱلنَّارِ ٥٩
[Its inhabitants will say], "This is a company bursting in with you. No welcome for them. Indeed, they will burn in the Fire."
38:60
قَالُواْ بَلۡ أَنتُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِكُمۡۖ أَنتُمۡ قَدَّمۡتُمُوهُ لَنَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡقَرَارُ ٦٠
They will say, "Nor you! No welcome for you. You, [our leaders], brought this upon us, and wretched is the settlement."
38:61
قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا مَن قَدَّمَ لَنَا هَٰذَا فَزِدۡهُ عَذَابٗا ضِعۡفٗا فِي ٱلنَّارِ ٦١
They will say, "Our Lord, whoever brought this upon us - increase for him double punishment in the Fire."