An-Nisa 4:118
The Women · Juz 5 · Page 97
لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُۘ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنۡ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبٗا مَّفۡرُوضٗا ١١٨
Whom Allāh has cursed. For he had said, "I will surely take from among Your servants a specific portion.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
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Commentary on 4:118
﴿لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ﴾ صِفَةٌ ثانِيَةٌ لِ "شَيْطانًَا".
﴿وَقالَ لأتَّخِذَنَّ مِن عِبادِكَ نَصِيبًا مَفْرُوضًا﴾ عَطْفٌ عَلى الجُمْلَةِ المُتَقَدِّمَةِ أيْ: شَيْطانًَا مَرِيدًَا جامِعًَا بَيْنَ لَعْنَةِ اللَّهِ، وهَذا القَوْلُ الشَّنِيعُ الصّادِرُ عَنْهُ عِنْدَ اللَّعْنِ ولَقَدْ بَرْهَنَ عَلى أنَّ عِبادَةَ الأصْنامِ غايَةُ الضَّلالِ بِطَرِيقِ التَّعْلِيلِ بِأنَّ ما يَعْبُدُونَها يَنْفَعِلُ ولا (p-234)يَفْعَلُ فِعْلًَا اخْتِيارِيًَّا وذَلِكَ يُنافِي الأُلُوهِيَّةَ غايَةَ المُنافاةِ، ثُمَّ اسْتُدِلَّ عَلَيْهِ بِأنَّ ذَلِكَ عِبادَةٌ لِلشَّيْطانِ وهو أفْظَعُ الضَّلالِ مِن وُجُوهٍ ثَلاثَةٍ، الأوَّلُ: أنَّهُ مُنْهَمِكٌ في الغَيِّ لا يَكادُ يَعْلَقُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الخَيْرِ والهُدى فَتَكُونُ طاعَتُهُ ضَلالًَا بَعِيدًَا عَنِ الحَقِّ، والثّانِي: أنَّهُ مَلْعُونٌ لِضَلالِهِ فَلا تَسْتَتْبِعُ مُطاوَعَتُهُ سِوى اللَّعْنِ والضَّلالِ، والثّالِثُ: أنَّهُ في غايَةِ السَّعْيِ في إهْلاكِهِمْ وإضْلالِهِمْ فَمُوالاةُ مَن هَذا شَأْنُهُ غايَةُ الضَّلالِ فَضْلًَا عَنْ عِبادَتِهِ، والمَفْرُوضُ المَقْطُوعُ أيْ: نَصِيبًَا قُدِّرَ لِي وفُرِضَ، مِن قَوْلِهِمْ: فَرَضَ لَهُ في العَطاءِ.
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4:114
۞ لَّا خَيۡرَ فِي كَثِيرٖ مِّن نَّجۡوَىٰهُمۡ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوۡ مَعۡرُوفٍ أَوۡ إِصۡلَٰحِۭ بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِۚ وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٰلِكَ ٱبۡتِغَآءَ مَرۡضَاتِ ٱللَّهِ فَسَوۡفَ نُؤۡتِيهِ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا ١١٤
No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allāh - then We are going to give him a great reward.
4:115
وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعۡ غَيۡرَ سَبِيلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِۦ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصۡلِهِۦ جَهَنَّمَۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا ١١٥
And whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers - We will give him what he has taken1 and drive him into Hell, and evil it is as a destination.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., make him responsible for his choice. ↩
4:116
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَغۡفِرُ أَن يُشۡرَكَ بِهِۦ وَيَغۡفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُۚ وَمَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَٰلَۢا بَعِيدًا ١١٦
Indeed, Allāh does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills. And he who associates others with Allāh has certainly gone far astray.
4:117
إِن يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ إِنَٰثٗا وَإِن يَدۡعُونَ إِلَّا شَيۡطَٰنٗا مَّرِيدٗا ١١٧
They call upon instead of Him none but female [deities], and they [actually] call upon none but a rebellious Satan,
4:118
لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُۘ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنۡ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبٗا مَّفۡرُوضٗا ١١٨
Whom Allāh has cursed. For he had said, "I will surely take from among Your servants a specific portion.
4:119
وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمۡ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمۡ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ ءَاذَانَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلۡقَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَمَن يَتَّخِذِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ وَلِيّٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ خَسِرَ خُسۡرَانٗا مُّبِينٗا ١١٩
And I will mislead them, and I will arouse in them [sinful] desires, and I will command them so they will slit the ears of cattle, and I will command them so they will change the creation of Allāh." And whoever takes Satan as an ally instead of Allāh has certainly sustained a clear loss.
4:120
يَعِدُهُمۡ وَيُمَنِّيهِمۡۖ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ إِلَّا غُرُورًا ١٢٠
He [i.e., Satan] promises them and arouses desire in them. But Satan does not promise them except delusion.
4:121
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ عَنۡهَا مَحِيصٗا ١٢١
The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will not find from it an escape.