An-Nisa 4:121
The Women · Juz 5 · Page 97
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ عَنۡهَا مَحِيصٗا ١٢١
The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will not find from it an escape.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 4:116–122
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿إنْ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ إلا إناثًا﴾ فِيهِ أرْبَعَةُ تَأْوِيلاتٍ: أحَدُها: أنَّ الإناثَ اللّاتُ والعُزّى ومَناةُ، وهو قَوْلُ السُّدِّيِّ وابْنِ زَيْدٍ وأبِي مالِكٍ.
والثّانِي: أنَّها الأوْثانُ، وكانَ في مُصْحَفِ عائِشَةَ: إنْ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ إلاَّ إناثًا والثّالِثُ: المَلائِكَةُ، لِأنَّهم كانُوا يَزْعُمُونَ أنَّهم بَناتُ اللَّهِ، وهَذا قَوْلُ الضَّحّاكِ. (p-٥٣٠)
والرّابِعُ: المَواتُ الَّذِي لا رُوحَ فِيهِ، لِأنَّ إناثَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ أرْذَلُهُ، وهو قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ، وقَتادَةَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَلأُضِلَّنَّهُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي الإيمانَ.
﴿وَلأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي بِطُولِ الأمَلِ في الدُّنْيا لِيُؤْثِرُوها عَلى الآخِرَةِ.
﴿وَلآمُرَنَّهم فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ آذانَ الأنْعامِ﴾ أيْ لَيُقَطِّعُنَّها نُسُكًا لِأوْثانِهِمْ كالبَحِيرَةِ والسّائِبَةِ.
﴿وَلآمُرَنَّهم فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلْقَ اللَّهِ﴾ فِيهِ ثَلاثُ تَأْوِيلاتٍ.
أحَدُها: يَعْنِي دِينَ اللَّهِ، وهَذا قَوْلُ الحَسَنِ، وقَتادَةَ، ومُجاهِدٍ، وإبْراهِيمَ.
والثّانِي: أنَّهُ أرادَ بِهِ خِصاءَ البَهائِمِ، وهَذا قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبّاسٍ، وأنَسٍ، وعِكْرِمَةَ.
والثّالِثُ: أنَّهُ الوَشْمُ، وهو قَوْلُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، والحَسَنِ.
قالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: (لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الواشِماتِ والمُسْتَوْشِماتِ والنّامِصاتِ والمُتَنَمِّصاتِ والمُتَفَلِّجاتِ لِلْحُسْنِ المُغَيِّراتِ خَلْقَ اللَّهِ) .
Page 97
4:114
۞ لَّا خَيۡرَ فِي كَثِيرٖ مِّن نَّجۡوَىٰهُمۡ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوۡ مَعۡرُوفٍ أَوۡ إِصۡلَٰحِۭ بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِۚ وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٰلِكَ ٱبۡتِغَآءَ مَرۡضَاتِ ٱللَّهِ فَسَوۡفَ نُؤۡتِيهِ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا ١١٤
No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allāh - then We are going to give him a great reward.
4:115
وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعۡ غَيۡرَ سَبِيلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِۦ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصۡلِهِۦ جَهَنَّمَۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا ١١٥
And whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers - We will give him what he has taken1 and drive him into Hell, and evil it is as a destination.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., make him responsible for his choice. ↩
4:116
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَغۡفِرُ أَن يُشۡرَكَ بِهِۦ وَيَغۡفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُۚ وَمَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَٰلَۢا بَعِيدًا ١١٦
Indeed, Allāh does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills. And he who associates others with Allāh has certainly gone far astray.
4:117
إِن يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ إِنَٰثٗا وَإِن يَدۡعُونَ إِلَّا شَيۡطَٰنٗا مَّرِيدٗا ١١٧
They call upon instead of Him none but female [deities], and they [actually] call upon none but a rebellious Satan,
4:118
لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُۘ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنۡ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبٗا مَّفۡرُوضٗا ١١٨
Whom Allāh has cursed. For he had said, "I will surely take from among Your servants a specific portion.
4:119
وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمۡ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمۡ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ ءَاذَانَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلۡقَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَمَن يَتَّخِذِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ وَلِيّٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ خَسِرَ خُسۡرَانٗا مُّبِينٗا ١١٩
And I will mislead them, and I will arouse in them [sinful] desires, and I will command them so they will slit the ears of cattle, and I will command them so they will change the creation of Allāh." And whoever takes Satan as an ally instead of Allāh has certainly sustained a clear loss.
4:120
يَعِدُهُمۡ وَيُمَنِّيهِمۡۖ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ إِلَّا غُرُورًا ١٢٠
He [i.e., Satan] promises them and arouses desire in them. But Satan does not promise them except delusion.
4:121
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ عَنۡهَا مَحِيصٗا ١٢١
The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will not find from it an escape.