An-NisaJuz 5 · Page 92

An-Nisa 4:90

The Women · Juz 5 · Page 92

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوۡ جَآءُوكُمۡ حَصِرَتۡ صُدُورُهُمۡ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ أَوۡ يُقَٰتِلُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمۡۚ فَإِنِ ٱعۡتَزَلُوكُمۡ فَلَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ وَأَلۡقَوۡاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَبِيلٗا ٩٠

Except for those who take refuge with a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty or those who come to you, their hearts strained at [the prospect of] fighting you or fighting their own people. And if Allāh had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if they remove themselves from you and do not fight you and offer you peace, then Allāh has not made for you a cause [for fighting] against them.

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Commentary on 4:90

﴿إِلَّا الَّذِينَ﴾ إلا أداة استثناء الذين اسم موصول في محل نصب على الاستثناء من خذوهم وجملة ﴿يَصِلُونَ﴾ صلة الموصول ﴿إِلى قَوْمٍ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل قبلهما ﴿بَيْنَكُمْ﴾ ظرف مكان متعلق بمحذوف خبر ﴿وَبَيْنَهُمْ﴾ عطف ﴿مِيثاقٌ﴾ مبتدأ مؤخر والجملة في محل صفة لقوم ﴿أَوْ جاؤُكُمْ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به والجملة معطوفة على جملة يصلون ﴿حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَنْ يُقاتِلُوكُمْ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل والمصدر المؤول من أن والفعل بعدها في محل جر بحرف الجر أي: عن قتالكم» وهما متعلقان بالفعل قبلهما ﴿أَوْ يُقاتِلُوا قَوْمَهُمْ﴾ مضارع منصوب وفاعله ومفعوله والمصدر المؤول معطوف أي: عن قتالكم وقتال قومهم وجملة ﴿حَصِرَتْ﴾ في محل نصب حال على تقدير قد قبلها ﴿وَلَوْ شاءَ اللَّهُ﴾ فعل وفاعل ولو حرف شرط والجملة مستأنفة. ﴿لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ﴾ اللام واقفة في جواب لو وفعل ماض فاعله مستتر تعلق به الجار والمجرور والهاء مفعوله والجملة لا محل لها جواب شرط غير جازم ﴿فَلَقاتَلُوكُمْ﴾ فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به والجملة معطوفة على لسلطهم ﴿فَإِنِ اعْتَزَلُوكُمْ﴾ إن شرطية وفعل ماض في محل جزم فعل الشرط وفاعله ومفعوله. ﴿فَلَمْ يُقاتِلُوكُمْ﴾ مضارع مجزوم بحذف النون وفاعله ومفعوله والجملة معطوفة. ﴿وَأَلْقَوْا﴾ عطف على ما قبلها ﴿إِلَيْكُمُ﴾ متعلقان بالفعل ﴿السَّلَمَ﴾ مفعول به ﴿فَما جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا﴾ فعل ماض فاعله مستتر تعلق به الجار والمجرور لكم وهما المفعول الأول وسبيلا المفعول الثاني عليهم متعلقان بمحذوف حال من سبيلا. وما نافية والجملة في محل جزم جواب الشرط.

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Page 92

An-NisaJuz 5 · Page 92

4:87

ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ لَيَجۡمَعَنَّكُمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِۗ وَمَنۡ أَصۡدَقُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ حَدِيثٗا ٨٧

Allāh - there is no deity except Him. He will surely assemble you for [account on] the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. And who is more truthful than Allāh in statement.

4:88

۞ فَمَا لَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ فِئَتَيۡنِ وَٱللَّهُ أَرۡكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُوٓاْۚ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهۡدُواْ مَنۡ أَضَلَّ ٱللَّهُۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ سَبِيلٗا ٨٨

What is [the matter] with you [that you are] two groups concerning the hypocrites,1 while Allāh has made them fall back [into error and disbelief] for what they earned.2 Do you wish to guide those whom Allāh has sent astray? And he whom Allāh sends astray - never will you find for him a way [of guidance].3

3 translator’s notes
  1. i.e., divided between two viewpoints - whether or not they should be fought and killed.

    [207] As the result of their disobedience and disloyalty.

    [208] Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) leaves or sends astray those who choose to reject His guidance.

    ↩
  2. ↩
  3. ↩

4:89

وَدُّواْ لَوۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُواْ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَآءٗۖ فَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡتُلُوهُمۡ حَيۡثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمۡۖ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلِيّٗا وَلَا نَصِيرًا ٨٩

They wish you would disbelieve as they disbelieved so you would be alike. So do not take from among them allies until they emigrate for the cause of Allāh. But if they turn away [i.e., refuse], then seize them and kill them [for their betrayal] wherever you find them and take not from among them any ally or helper,

4:90

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوۡ جَآءُوكُمۡ حَصِرَتۡ صُدُورُهُمۡ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ أَوۡ يُقَٰتِلُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمۡۚ فَإِنِ ٱعۡتَزَلُوكُمۡ فَلَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ وَأَلۡقَوۡاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَبِيلٗا ٩٠

Except for those who take refuge with a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty or those who come to you, their hearts strained at [the prospect of] fighting you or fighting their own people. And if Allāh had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if they remove themselves from you and do not fight you and offer you peace, then Allāh has not made for you a cause [for fighting] against them.

4:91

سَتَجِدُونَ ءَاخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأۡمَنُوكُمۡ وَيَأۡمَنُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلۡفِتۡنَةِ أُرۡكِسُواْ فِيهَاۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَعۡتَزِلُوكُمۡ وَيُلۡقُوٓاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوٓاْ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ فَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡتُلُوهُمۡ حَيۡثُ ثَقِفۡتُمُوهُمۡۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكُمۡ جَعَلۡنَا لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٗا مُّبِينٗا ٩١

You will find others who wish to obtain security from you and [to] obtain security from their people. Every time they are returned to [the influence of] disbelief, they fall back into it. So if they do not withdraw from you or offer you peace or restrain their hands, then seize them and kill them wherever you overtake them. And those - We have made for you against them a clear authorization.

Ad-Da''asTafsir · 4:90

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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