Ghafir 40:20
The Forgiver · Juz 24 · Page 469
وَٱللَّهُ يَقۡضِي بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦ لَا يَقۡضُونَ بِشَيۡءٍۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡبَصِيرُ ٢٠
And Allāh judges with truth, while those they invoke1 besides Him judge not with anything. Indeed, Allāh - He is the Hearing, the Seeing.
1 translator’s note
- In worship. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Qinnawji
Detailed
Change
Commentary on 40:20
(والله يقضي بالحق) فيجازي كل أحد بما يستحقه من خير وشر.
(والذين يدعون من دونه) أي يعبدونهم من دون الله، قرأ الجمهور بالتحتية يعني الظالمين، وقرىء بالفوقية على الخطاب لهم، وهما سبعيتان (لا يقضون بشيء) لأنهم لا يعلمون شيئاًً ولا يقدرون على شيء. فكيف يكونون شركاء لله، وهذا تهكم بهم لأن ما لا يوصف بالقدرة كالجماد لا يقال فيه يقضي أو لا يقضي.
(إن الله هو السميع البصير) فلا يخفى عليه من المسموعات والمبصرات خافية؛ تقرير لقوله: (يعلم خائنة الأعين وما تخفي الصدور) ولقضائه بالحق، ووعيد لهم بأنه يسمع ما يقولون، ويبصر ما يعملون، وأنه يعاقبهم عليه. وتعريض بما يدعون من دونه وأنها لا تسمع ولا تبصر.
ولما خوفهم سبحانه بأحوال الآخرة أردفه ببيان تخويفهم بأحوال الدنيا فقال:
Page 469
40:17
ٱلۡيَوۡمَ تُجۡزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسِۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡۚ لَا ظُلۡمَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٧
This Day every soul will be recompensed for what it earned. No injustice today! Indeed, Allāh is swift in account.
40:18
وَأَنذِرۡهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡأٓزِفَةِ إِذِ ٱلۡقُلُوبُ لَدَى ٱلۡحَنَاجِرِ كَٰظِمِينَۚ مَا لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ مِنۡ حَمِيمٖ وَلَا شَفِيعٖ يُطَاعُ ١٨
And warn them, [O Muḥammad], of the Approaching Day, when hearts are at the throats, filled [with distress]. For the wrongdoers there will be no devoted friend and no intercessor [who is] obeyed.
40:19
يَعۡلَمُ خَآئِنَةَ ٱلۡأَعۡيُنِ وَمَا تُخۡفِي ٱلصُّدُورُ ١٩
He knows that which deceives the eyes and what the breasts conceal.
40:20
وَٱللَّهُ يَقۡضِي بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦ لَا يَقۡضُونَ بِشَيۡءٍۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡبَصِيرُ ٢٠
And Allāh judges with truth, while those they invoke1 besides Him judge not with anything. Indeed, Allāh - He is the Hearing, the Seeing.
1 translator’s note
- In worship. ↩
40:21
۞ أَوَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَانُواْ هُمۡ أَشَدَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قُوَّةٗ وَءَاثَارٗا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمۡ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَاقٖ ٢١
Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those who were before them? They were greater than them in strength and in impression on the land, but Allāh seized them for their sins. And they had not from Allāh any protector.
40:22
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانَت تَّأۡتِيهِمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَكَفَرُواْ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّهُۥ قَوِيّٞ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٢٢
That was because their messengers were coming to them with clear proofs, but they disbelieved, so Allāh seized them. Indeed, He is Powerful and severe in punishment.
40:23
وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مُوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَسُلۡطَٰنٖ مُّبِينٍ ٢٣
And We did certainly send Moses with Our signs and a clear authority1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., evidences from Allāh. ↩
40:24
إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَهَٰمَٰنَ وَقَٰرُونَ فَقَالُواْ سَٰحِرٞ كَذَّابٞ ٢٤
To Pharaoh, Hāmān and Qārūn, but they said, "[He is] a magician and a liar."
40:25
فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم بِٱلۡحَقِّ مِنۡ عِندِنَا قَالُواْ ٱقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَبۡنَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُۥ وَٱسۡتَحۡيُواْ نِسَآءَهُمۡۚ وَمَا كَيۡدُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَٰلٖ ٢٥
And when he brought them the truth from Us, they said, "Kill the sons of those who have believed with him and keep their women alive." But the plan of the disbelievers is not except in error.