Ash-Shuraa 42:38
The Consultation · Juz 25 · Page 487
وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِرَبِّهِمۡ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَمۡرُهُمۡ شُورَىٰ بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣٨
And those who have responded to their Lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend,
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Commentary on 42:38
قَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿وَالَّذين اسْتَجَابُوا لرَبهم﴾ يُقَال: إِن الْآيَة نزلت فِي الْأَنْصَار، وَيُقَال: إِنَّهَا عَامَّة.
وَقَوله: ﴿وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاة﴾ إِقَامَة الصَّلَاة إتيانها بشرائطها وحفظها بحدودها.
وَقَوله: ﴿وَأمرهمْ شُورَى بَينهم﴾ ذكر النقاش: أَن هَذَا فِي الْأَنْصَار وَكَانُوا يتشاورون فِي الْأَمر بَينهم؛ فمدحهم الله على ذَلِك، وَذَلِكَ دَلِيل على اتِّفَاق الْكَلِمَة، وَترك الاستبداد بِالرَّأْيِ، وَالرُّجُوع إِلَى الرَّأْي عِنْد نزُول الْحَادِثَة. وَقيل: إِن الْأَنْصَار تشاوروا فِيمَا بَينهم حِين دعاهم النَّبِي إِلَى الْإِيمَان، ثمَّ أجابوا إِلَى الْإِيمَان.
وَعَن الْحسن الْبَصْرِيّ قَالَ: مَا تشَاور قوم إِلَّا هُدُوا إِلَى ارشد أُمُورهم. والشورى مَأْخُوذَة من قَوْلهم: شرت الدَّابَّة أشورها إِذا سيرتها مقبلة، ومدبرة لاستخراج السّير مِنْهَا. وَيُقَال: لذَلِك الْموضع المشوار. وَالْعرب تَقول: إياك والخطب فَإِنَّهَا مشوار كثير العناد. وَفِي الْخَبَر بِرِوَايَة [أبي] عُثْمَان النَّهْدِيّ عَن أبي هُرَيْرَة رَضِي الله عَنهُ أَن النَّبِي قَالَ: " إِذا كَانَت أمراؤكم خياركم، وأغنياؤكم أسخياؤكم وأمركم شُورَى بَيْنكُم، فَظهر الأَرْض خير لكم، من بَطنهَا، وَإِذا كَانَت أمراؤكم شِرَاركُمْ، وأغنياؤكم (بخلاؤكم) ، وأمركم إِلَى نِسَائِكُم؛ فبطن الأَرْض خير لكم من ظهرهَا ".
وَاعْلَم أَن هَذِه السُّورَة تسمى سُورَة الشورى.
وَقَوله: ﴿وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفقُونَ﴾ أَي: يتصدقون.
Page 487
42:32
وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِ ٱلۡجَوَارِ فِي ٱلۡبَحۡرِ كَٱلۡأَعۡلَٰمِ ٣٢
And of His signs are the ships in the sea, like mountains.
42:33
إِن يَشَأۡ يُسۡكِنِ ٱلرِّيحَ فَيَظۡلَلۡنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَىٰ ظَهۡرِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٍ ٣٣
If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.
42:34
أَوۡ يُوبِقۡهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ وَيَعۡفُ عَن كَثِيرٖ ٣٤
Or He could destroy them1 for what they earned; but He pardons much.
1 translator’s note
- Meaning that Allāh could sink the ships by means of violent winds. ↩
42:35
وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُجَٰدِلُونَ فِيٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٖ ٣٥
And [that is so] those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape.
42:36
فَمَآ أُوتِيتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَمَتَٰعُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ وَمَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ وَأَبۡقَىٰ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ ٣٦
So whatever thing you have been given - it is but [for] enjoyment of the worldly life. But what is with Allāh is better and more lasting for those who have believed and upon their Lord rely
42:37
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَجۡتَنِبُونَ كَبَٰٓئِرَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡفَوَٰحِشَ وَإِذَا مَا غَضِبُواْ هُمۡ يَغۡفِرُونَ ٣٧
And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive,
42:38
وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِرَبِّهِمۡ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَمۡرُهُمۡ شُورَىٰ بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣٨
And those who have responded to their Lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend,
42:39
وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلۡبَغۡيُ هُمۡ يَنتَصِرُونَ ٣٩
And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they retaliate [in a just manner].1
1 translator’s note
- Restoring their rights and not allowing aggressors to take advantage of them out of weakness. ↩
42:40
وَجَزَٰٓؤُاْ سَيِّئَةٖ سَيِّئَةٞ مِّثۡلُهَاۖ فَمَنۡ عَفَا وَأَصۡلَحَ فَأَجۡرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٤٠
And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allāh. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.
42:41
وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعۡدَ ظُلۡمِهِۦ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَا عَلَيۡهِم مِّن سَبِيلٍ ٤١
And whoever retaliates after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].
42:42
إِنَّمَا ٱلسَّبِيلُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَيَبۡغُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٤٢
The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.
42:43
وَلَمَن صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ٤٣
And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve.1
1 translator’s note
- On the part of those seeking the reward of Allāh. ↩
42:44
وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن وَلِيّٖ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦۗ وَتَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوُاْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ يَقُولُونَ هَلۡ إِلَىٰ مَرَدّٖ مِّن سَبِيلٖ ٤٤
And he whom Allāh sends astray - for him there is no protector beyond Him. And you will see the wrongdoers, when they see the punishment, saying, "Is there for return [to the former world] any way?"