Az-Zukhruf 43:79
The Ornaments of Gold · Juz 25 · Page 495
أَمۡ أَبۡرَمُوٓاْ أَمۡرٗا فَإِنَّا مُبۡرِمُونَ ٧٩
Or have they devised [some] affair?1 But indeed, We are devising [a plan].
1 translator’s note
- Conspiracy against the Prophet (ﷺ). The reference here is to the disbelievers of Makkah. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Ashur
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Commentary on 43:79
﴿أمْ أبْرَمُوا أمْرًا فَإنّا مُبْرِمُونَ﴾ (أمْ) مُنْقَطِعَةٌ لِلْإضْرابِ الِانْتِقالِيِّ مِن حَدِيثٍ إلى حَدِيثٍ مَعَ اتِّحادِ الغَرَضِ، انْتَقَلَ مِن حَدِيثِ ما أُعِدَّ لَهم مِنَ العَذابِ يَوْمَ القِيامَةِ إلى ما أُعِدَّ لَهم مِنِ الخِزْيِ في الدُّنْيا.
فالجُمْلَةُ عَطْفٌ عَلى جُمْلَةِ ﴿هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إلّا السّاعَةَ﴾ [الزخرف: ٦٦] إلَخْ.
والكَلامُ بَعْدَ (أمْ) اسْتِفْهامٌ حُذِفَتْ مِنهُ أداةُ اسْتِفْهامٍ وهو اسْتِفْهامٌ تَقْرِيرِيٌّ وتَهْدِيدٌ، أيْ أأبْرَمُوا أمْرًا.
وضَمِيرُ أبْرَمُوا مُرادٌ بِهِ المُشْرِكُونَ الَّذِينَ ناوَوُا النَّبِيءَ ﷺ . وضَمِيرُ (إنّا) ضَمِيرُ الجَلالَةِ.
صفحة ٢٦٢
والفاءُ في قَوْلِهِ ﴿فَإنّا مُبْرِمُونَ﴾ لِلتَّفْرِيعِ عَلى ما اقْتَضاهُ الِاسْتِفْهامُ مِن تَقْدِيرِ حُصُولِ المُسْتَفْهَمِ عَنْهُ فَيُؤَوَّلُ الكَلامُ إلى مَعْنى الشَّرْطِ، أيْ إنْ أبْرَمُوا أمْرًا مِنَ الكَيْدِ فَإنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْرِمٌ لَهم أمْرًا مِن نَقْضِ الكَيْدِ وإلْحاقِ الأذى بِهِمْ، ونَظِيرُهُ وفي مَعْناهُ قَوْلُهُ ﴿أمْ يُرِيدُونَ كَيْدًا فالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هُمُ المَكِيدُونَ﴾ [الطور: ٤٢] .
وعَنْ مُقاتِلٍ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ في تَدْبِيرِ قُرَيْشٍ بِالمَكْرِ بِالنَّبِيءِ ﷺ في دارِ النَّدْوَةِ حِينَ اسْتَقَرَّ أمْرُهم عَلى ما أشارَ بِهِ أبُو جَهْلٍ عَلَيْهِمْ أنْ يَبْرُزَ مِن كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ لِيَشْتَرِكُوا في قَتْلِ النَّبِيءِ ﷺ حَتّى لا يَسْتَطِيعَ بَنُو هاشِمٍ المُطالَبَةَ بِدَمِهِ، وقَتَلَ اللَّهُ جَمِيعَهم في بَدْرٍ.
والإبْرامُ حَقِيقَتُهُ: القَتْلُ المُحْكَمُ، وهو هُنا مُسْتَعارٌ لِإحْكامِ التَّدْبِيرِ والعَزْمِ عَلى ما دَبَّرُوهُ.
والمُخالَفَةُ بَيْنَ أبْرَمُوا و”مُبْرِمُونَ“ لِأنَّ إبْرامَهم واقِعٌ، وأمّا إبْرامُ اللَّهِ جَزاءً لَهم فَهو تَوَعُّدٌ بِأنَّ اللَّهَ قَدَّرَ نَقْضَ ما أبْرَمُوهُ فَإنَّ اسْمَ الفاعِلِ حَقِيقَةٌ في زَمَنِ الحالِ، أيْ نَحْنُ نُقَدِّرُ لَهُمُ الآنَ أمْرًا عَظِيمًا، وذَلِكَ إيجادُ أسْبابِ وقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ الَّتِي اسْتُؤْصِلُوا فِيها.
والأمْرُ: العَمَلُ العَظِيمُ الخَطِيرُ، وحُذِفَ مَفْعُولُ ”مُبْرِمُونَ“ لِدَلالَةِ ما قَبْلَهُ عَلَيْهِ.
Page 495
43:74
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ فِي عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدُونَ ٧٤
Indeed, the criminals will be in the punishment of Hell, abiding eternally.
43:75
لَا يُفَتَّرُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَهُمۡ فِيهِ مُبۡلِسُونَ ٧٥
It will not be allowed to subside for them, and they, therein, are in despair.
43:76
وَمَا ظَلَمۡنَٰهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٧٦
And We did not wrong them, but it was they who were the wrongdoers.
43:77
وَنَادَوۡاْ يَٰمَٰلِكُ لِيَقۡضِ عَلَيۡنَا رَبُّكَۖ قَالَ إِنَّكُم مَّٰكِثُونَ ٧٧
And they will call, "O Mālik,1 let your Lord put an end to us!" He will say, "Indeed, you will remain."
1 translator’s note
- Addressing the keeper of Hell. ↩
43:78
لَقَدۡ جِئۡنَٰكُم بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَكُمۡ لِلۡحَقِّ كَٰرِهُونَ ٧٨
We had certainly brought you the truth, but most of you, to the truth, were averse.
43:79
أَمۡ أَبۡرَمُوٓاْ أَمۡرٗا فَإِنَّا مُبۡرِمُونَ ٧٩
Or have they devised [some] affair?1 But indeed, We are devising [a plan].
1 translator’s note
- Conspiracy against the Prophet (ﷺ). The reference here is to the disbelievers of Makkah. ↩
43:80
أَمۡ يَحۡسَبُونَ أَنَّا لَا نَسۡمَعُ سِرَّهُمۡ وَنَجۡوَىٰهُمۚ بَلَىٰ وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيۡهِمۡ يَكۡتُبُونَ ٨٠
Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers [i.e., angels] are with them recording.
43:81
قُلۡ إِن كَانَ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَلَدٞ فَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡعَٰبِدِينَ ٨١
Say, [O Muḥammad], "If the Most Merciful had a son, then I would be the first of [his] worshippers."1
1 translator’s note
- Only supposing it were so, which it is not. ↩
43:82
سُبۡحَٰنَ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ٨٢
Exalted is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe.
43:83
فَذَرۡهُمۡ يَخُوضُواْ وَيَلۡعَبُواْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ ٨٣
So leave them to converse vainly and amuse themselves until they meet their Day which they are promised.
43:84
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَٰهٞ وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَٰهٞۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٨٤
And it is He [i.e., Allāh] who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing.
43:85
وَتَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِي لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا وَعِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ وَإِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ٨٥
And blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them and with whom is knowledge of the Hour and to whom you will be returned.
43:86
وَلَا يَمۡلِكُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَن شَهِدَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٨٦
And those they invoke1 besides Him do not possess [power of] intercession; but only those who testify to the truth [can benefit], and they know.2
43:87
وَلَئِن سَأَلۡتَهُم مَّنۡ خَلَقَهُمۡ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُۖ فَأَنَّىٰ يُؤۡفَكُونَ ٨٧
And if you asked them1 who created them, they would surely say, "Allāh." So how are they deluded?
1 translator’s note
- Those who associate others with Allāh. ↩
43:88
وَقِيلِهِۦ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٨٨
And [Allāh acknowledges] his saying,1 "O my Lord, indeed these are a people who do not believe."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the complaint of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) about his people. ↩
43:89
فَٱصۡفَحۡ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقُلۡ سَلَٰمٞۚ فَسَوۡفَ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٨٩
So turn aside from them and say, "Peace."1 But they are going to know.
1 translator’s note
- Meaning safety or security, i.e., "I will not harm you." This was before permission was granted for armed struggle. ↩