Az-Zukhruf 43:84
The Ornaments of Gold · Juz 25 · Page 495
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَٰهٞ وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَٰهٞۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٨٤
And it is He [i.e., Allāh] who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing.
Tafsir · in Arabic
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Commentary on 43:84
﴿وهُوَ الَّذِي في السَّماءِ إلَهٌ وفي الأرْضِ إلَهٌ﴾ ولَمْ يُقَلْ: وهو اَلَّذِي في اَلسَّماءِ وفي اَلْأرْضِ إلَهٌ أوْ هو اَلَّذِي في اَلسَّماءِ والأرْضِ إلَهٌ، وحَدِيثُ اَلْإعادَةِ قِيلَ مِمّا لا يَجْرِي هَهُنا لِأنَّ اَلْقاعِدَةَ أغْلَبِيَّةٌ كَأكْثَرِ قَواعِدِ اَلْعَرَبِيَّةِ.
وقالَ بَعْضُ اَلْأفاضِلِ: يَجُوزُ إجْراءُ اَلْقاعِدَةِ فِيهِ والمُغايِرَةُ بَيْنَ اَلشَّيْئَيْنِ أعَمُّ مِن أنْ تَكُونَ بِالذّاتِ أوْ بِالوَصْفِ
صفحة 107
والِاعْتِبارِ والمُرادُ هُنا اَلثّانِي ولا شَكَّ أنَّ طَرِيقَ عِبادَةِ أهْلِ اَلسَّماءِ لَهُ تَعالى غَيْرُ طَرِيقِ عِبادَةِ أهْلِ اَلْأرْضِ عَلى ما يَشْهَدُ بِهِ تَتَبُّعُ اَلْآثارِ فَإذا كانَ إلَهٌ بِمَعْنى مَعْبُودٍ كانَ مَعْنى اَلْآيَةِ أنَّهُ تَعالى مَعْبُودٌ في اَلسَّماءِ عَلى وجْهٍ ومَعْبُودٌ في اَلْأرْضِ عَلى وجْهٍ آخَرَ، وإنْ كانَ بِمَعْنى اَلتَّحَيُّرِ فِيهِ فالتَّحَيُّرُ في أهْلِ اَلسَّماءِ غَيْرُ اَلتَّحَيُّرِ في أهْلِ اَلْأرْضِ فَلا جَرَمَ تَكُونُ أطْوارُهم مُخالِفَةً لِأطْوارِ أهْلِ اَلْأرْضِ، ومِن ذَلِكَ اِخْتِلافُ عُلُومِهِمْ فَإنَّ عُلُومَ أهْلِ اَلْأرْضِ إنْ كانَتْ ضَرُورِيَّةً فَأكْثَرُها مُسْتَنِدَةٌ إلى اَلْحِسِّ وإنْ كانَتْ نَظَرِيَّةً كانَتْ مُكْتَسَبَةً مِنَ اَلنَّظَرِ فَإذا اِنْسَدَّ طَرِيقُ اَلنَّظَرِ والحِسِّ عَجَزُوا وتَحَيَّرُوا ولا كَذَلِكَ أهْلُ اَلسَّماءِ لِتَنَزُّهِهِمْ عَنِ اَلْكَسْبِ والحِسِّ فَتَحَيُّرُهم عَلى نَحْوٍ آخَرَ، أوْ نَقُولُ اَلتَّحَيُّرُ في إدْراكِ ذاتِهِ تَعالى وصِفاتِهِ إنَّما يَنْشَأُ مِن مُشاهَدَةِ آثارِ عَظَمَتِهِ وكَمالِ قُدْرَتِهِ سُبْحانَهُ ولا شَكَّ أنَّ تِلْكَ اَلْآثارَ في اَلسَّماءِ أعْظَمُ مِنَ اَلْآثارِ في اَلْأرْضِ وعَلَيْهِ فَيَجُوزُ أنْ يَكُونَ اَلْإلَهُ بِمَعْنى اَلْمُتَحَيَّرِ فِيهِ ويَكُونُ مَجازًا عَنْ عَظِيمِ اَلشَّأْنِ مِن بابِ ذِكْرِ اَللّازِمِ وإرادَةِ اَلْمَلْزُومِ فَيَكُونُ اَلْمَعْنى أنَّهُ تَعالى عَظِيمُ اَلشَّأْنِ في اَلسَّماءِ عَلى نَحْوٍ وعَظِيمُ اَلشَّأْنِ في اَلْأرْضِ عَلى نَحْوٍ آخَرَ اهـ، ولا يَخْلُو عَنْ شَيْءٍ كَما لا يَخْفى ﴿وهُوَ الحَكِيمُ العَلِيمُ﴾ كالدَّلِيلِ عَلى اَلنَّفْيِ والِاخْتِصاصِ اَلْمُشارِ إلَيْهِما فَإنَّ مَن لا يَتَّصِفُ بِكَمالِ اَلْحِكْمَةِ والعِلْمِ لا يَسْتَحِقُّ اَلْإلَهِيَّةَ.
Page 495
43:74
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ فِي عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدُونَ ٧٤
Indeed, the criminals will be in the punishment of Hell, abiding eternally.
43:75
لَا يُفَتَّرُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَهُمۡ فِيهِ مُبۡلِسُونَ ٧٥
It will not be allowed to subside for them, and they, therein, are in despair.
43:76
وَمَا ظَلَمۡنَٰهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٧٦
And We did not wrong them, but it was they who were the wrongdoers.
43:77
وَنَادَوۡاْ يَٰمَٰلِكُ لِيَقۡضِ عَلَيۡنَا رَبُّكَۖ قَالَ إِنَّكُم مَّٰكِثُونَ ٧٧
And they will call, "O Mālik,1 let your Lord put an end to us!" He will say, "Indeed, you will remain."
1 translator’s note
- Addressing the keeper of Hell. ↩
43:78
لَقَدۡ جِئۡنَٰكُم بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَكُمۡ لِلۡحَقِّ كَٰرِهُونَ ٧٨
We had certainly brought you the truth, but most of you, to the truth, were averse.
43:79
أَمۡ أَبۡرَمُوٓاْ أَمۡرٗا فَإِنَّا مُبۡرِمُونَ ٧٩
Or have they devised [some] affair?1 But indeed, We are devising [a plan].
1 translator’s note
- Conspiracy against the Prophet (ﷺ). The reference here is to the disbelievers of Makkah. ↩
43:80
أَمۡ يَحۡسَبُونَ أَنَّا لَا نَسۡمَعُ سِرَّهُمۡ وَنَجۡوَىٰهُمۚ بَلَىٰ وَرُسُلُنَا لَدَيۡهِمۡ يَكۡتُبُونَ ٨٠
Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers [i.e., angels] are with them recording.
43:81
قُلۡ إِن كَانَ لِلرَّحۡمَٰنِ وَلَدٞ فَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡعَٰبِدِينَ ٨١
Say, [O Muḥammad], "If the Most Merciful had a son, then I would be the first of [his] worshippers."1
1 translator’s note
- Only supposing it were so, which it is not. ↩
43:82
سُبۡحَٰنَ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ٨٢
Exalted is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe.
43:83
فَذَرۡهُمۡ يَخُوضُواْ وَيَلۡعَبُواْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُواْ يَوۡمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ ٨٣
So leave them to converse vainly and amuse themselves until they meet their Day which they are promised.
43:84
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَٰهٞ وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِلَٰهٞۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٨٤
And it is He [i.e., Allāh] who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing.
43:85
وَتَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِي لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا وَعِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِ وَإِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ٨٥
And blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them and with whom is knowledge of the Hour and to whom you will be returned.
43:86
وَلَا يَمۡلِكُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَن شَهِدَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٨٦
And those they invoke1 besides Him do not possess [power of] intercession; but only those who testify to the truth [can benefit], and they know.2
43:87
وَلَئِن سَأَلۡتَهُم مَّنۡ خَلَقَهُمۡ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُۖ فَأَنَّىٰ يُؤۡفَكُونَ ٨٧
And if you asked them1 who created them, they would surely say, "Allāh." So how are they deluded?
1 translator’s note
- Those who associate others with Allāh. ↩
43:88
وَقِيلِهِۦ يَٰرَبِّ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٨٨
And [Allāh acknowledges] his saying,1 "O my Lord, indeed these are a people who do not believe."
1 translator’s note
- i.e., the complaint of Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ) about his people. ↩
43:89
فَٱصۡفَحۡ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقُلۡ سَلَٰمٞۚ فَسَوۡفَ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٨٩
So turn aside from them and say, "Peace."1 But they are going to know.
1 translator’s note
- Meaning safety or security, i.e., "I will not harm you." This was before permission was granted for armed struggle. ↩