بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Muhammad 47:11
Muhammad · Juz 26 · Page 507
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَوۡلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَأَنَّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ لَا مَوۡلَىٰ لَهُمۡ ١١
That is because Allāh is the protector of those who have believed and because the disbelievers have no protector.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Ibn 'Ashur
Detailed
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Commentary on 47:11
﴿ذَلِكَ بِأنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وأنَّ الكافِرِينَ لا مَوْلى لَهُمْ﴾ أُعِيدَ اسْمُ الإشارَةِ لِلْوَجْهِ الَّذِي تَقَدَّمَ في قَوْلِهِ ﴿ذَلِكَ بِأنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا اتَّبَعُوا الباطِلَ﴾ [محمد: ٣] وقَوْلِهِ ﴿ذَلِكَ ولَوْ يَشاءُ اللَّهُ لانْتَصَرَ مِنهُمْ﴾ [محمد: ٤] .
واسْمُ الإشارَةِ مُنْصَرِفٌ إلى مَضْمُونِ قَوْلِهِ ﴿ولِلْكافِرِينَ أمْثالُها﴾ [محمد: ١٠] بِتَأْوِيلِ: ذَلِكَ المَذْكُورِ، لِأنَّهُ يَتَضَمَّنُ وعِيدًا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ بِالتَّدْمِيرِ، وفي تَدْمِيرِهِمُ انْتِصارٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلى ما لَقُوا مِنهم مِنَ الأضْرارِ، فَأُفِيدَ أنَّ ما تَوَعَّدَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ مُسَبَّبٌ عَلى أنَّ اللَّهَ نَصِيرُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وهو المَقْصُودُ مِنَ التَّعْلِيلِ وما بَعْدَهُ تَتْمِيمٌ.
صفحة ٨٩
والمَوْلى هُنا: الوَلِيُّ والنّاصِرُ. والمَعْنى: أنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْصُرُ الَّذِينَ يَنْصُرُونَ دِينَهُ وهُمُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ولا يَنْصُرُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِهِ، فَأشْرَكُوا مَعَهُ في إلَهِيَّتِهِ وإذا كانَ لا يَنْصُرُهم فَلا يَجِدُونَ نَصِيرًا لِأنَّهُ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ أحَدٌ أنْ يَنْصُرَهم عَلى اللَّهِ، فَنُفِيَ جِنْسُ المَوْلى لَهم بِهَذا المَعْنى مِن مَعانِي المَوْلى.
فَقَوْلُهُ ﴿وأنَّ الكافِرِينَ لا مَوْلى لَهُمْ﴾ أفادَ شَيْئَيْنِ: أنَّ اللَّهَ لا يَنْصُرُهم، وأنَّهُ إذا لَمْ يَنْصُرُهم فَلا ناصِرَ لَهم، وأمّا إثْباتُ المَوْلى لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى ﴿ثُمَّ نَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ أشْرَكُوا مَكانَكُمْ﴾ [يونس: ٢٨] إلى قَوْلِهِ ﴿ورُدُّوا إلى اللَّهِ مَوْلاهُمُ الحَقِّ﴾ [يونس: ٣٠] فَذَلِكَ المَوْلى بِمَعْنًى آخَرَ، وهو مَعْنى: المالِكِ والرَّبِّ، فَلا تَعارُضَ بَيْنِهِما.
Page 507
سورة محمد
Muhammad
Muhammad · Medinan · 38 ayahs
بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
47:1
ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَضَلَّ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ ١
Those who disbelieve and avert [people] from the way of Allāh - He will waste their deeds.1
1 translator’s note
- i.e., cause them to be lost or make them worthless, earning no reward. ↩
47:2
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَءَامَنُواْ بِمَا نُزِّلَ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ كَفَّرَ عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَأَصۡلَحَ بَالَهُمۡ ٢
And those who believe and do righteous deeds and believe in what has been sent down upon Muḥammad - and it is the truth from their Lord - He will remove from them their misdeeds and amend their condition.
47:3
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلۡبَٰطِلَ وَأَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضۡرِبُ ٱللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ أَمۡثَٰلَهُمۡ ٣
That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood, and those who believe follow the truth from their Lord. Thus does Allāh present to the people their comparisons.1
1 translator’s note
- So that they may know the results of their choice. ↩
47:4
فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَضَرۡبَ ٱلرِّقَابِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَثۡخَنتُمُوهُمۡ فَشُدُّواْ ٱلۡوَثَاقَ فَإِمَّا مَنَّۢا بَعۡدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَآءً حَتَّىٰ تَضَعَ ٱلۡحَرۡبُ أَوۡزَارَهَاۚ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَلَوۡ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَٱنتَصَرَ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَبۡلُوَاْ بَعۡضَكُم بِبَعۡضٖۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَلَن يُضِلَّ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ ٤
So when you meet those who disbelieve [in battle], strike [their] necks until, when you have inflicted slaughter upon them, then secure [their] bonds,1 and either [confer] favor2 afterwards or ransom [them] until the war lays down its burdens.3 That [is the command]. And if Allāh had willed, He could have taken vengeance upon them [Himself], but [He ordered armed struggle] to test some of you by means of others. And those who are killed in the cause of Allāh - never will He waste their deeds.
47:5
سَيَهۡدِيهِمۡ وَيُصۡلِحُ بَالَهُمۡ ٥
He will guide them and amend their condition
47:6
وَيُدۡخِلُهُمُ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ عَرَّفَهَا لَهُمۡ ٦
And admit them to Paradise, which He has made known to them.
47:7
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تَنصُرُواْ ٱللَّهَ يَنصُرۡكُمۡ وَيُثَبِّتۡ أَقۡدَامَكُمۡ ٧
O you who have believed, if you support Allāh, He will support you and plant firmly your feet.
47:8
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَتَعۡسٗا لَّهُمۡ وَأَضَلَّ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ ٨
But those who disbelieve - for them is misery, and He will waste their deeds.
47:9
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَرِهُواْ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأَحۡبَطَ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ ٩
That is because they disliked what Allāh revealed, so He rendered worthless their deeds.
47:10
۞ أَفَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ دَمَّرَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ وَلِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَمۡثَٰلُهَا ١٠
Have they not traveled through the land and seen how was the end of those before them? Allāh destroyed [everything] over them,1 and for the disbelievers is something comparable.
1 translator’s note
- i.e., destroyed them and all they owned. ↩
47:11
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَوۡلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَأَنَّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ لَا مَوۡلَىٰ لَهُمۡ ١١
That is because Allāh is the protector of those who have believed and because the disbelievers have no protector.