Al-Ma'idah 5:57
The Table Spread · Juz 6 · Page 117
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ دِينَكُمۡ هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَٱلۡكُفَّارَ أَوۡلِيَآءَۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٥٧
O you who have believed, take not those who have taken your religion in ridicule and amusement among the ones who were given the Scripture before you nor the disbelievers as allies. And fear Allāh, if you should [truly] be believers.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
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Commentary on 5:57
﴿يا أيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا دِينَكم هُزُوًا ولَعِبًا﴾ رُوِيَ أنَّ رِفاعَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وسُوَيْدَ بْنَ الحَرْثِ أظْهَرا الإسْلامَ ثُمَّ نافَقا، وكانَ رِجالٌ مِنَ المُؤْمِنِينَ يُوادُّونَهُما، فَنُهُوا عَنْ مُوالاتِهِما، ورُتِّبَ النَّهْيُ عَلى وصْفٍ يَعُمُّهُما وغَيْرَهُما تَعْمِيمًا لِلْحُكْمِ، وتَنْبِيها عَلى العِلَّةِ، وإيذانًا بِأنَّ مَن هَذا شَأْنُهُ جَدِيرٌ بِالمُعاداةِ، فَكَيْفَ بِالمُوالاةِ.
﴿مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الكِتابَ مِنَ قَبْلِكُمْ﴾ بَيانٌ لِلْمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ، والتَّعَرُّضُ لِعُنْوانِ إيتاءِ الكِتابِ لِبَيانِ كَمالِ شَناعَتِهِمْ وغايَةِ ضَلالَتِهِمْ، لِما أنَّ إيتاءَ الكِتابِ وازِعٌ لَهم عَنْ الِاسْتِهْزاءِ بِالدِّينِ المُؤَسَّسِ عَلى الكِتابِ المُصَدِّقِ لِكِتابِهِمْ.
﴿والكُفّارَ﴾؛ أيِ: المُشْرِكِينَ، خُصُّوا بِهِ لِتَضاعُفِ كُفْرِهِمْ، وهو عَطْفٌ عَلى المَوْصُولِ الأوَّلِ، فَفِيهِ إشْعارٌ بِأنَّهم لَيْسُوا بِمُسْتَهْزِئِينَ كَما يُنْبِئُ عَنْهُ تَخْصِيصُ الخِطابِ بِأهْلِ الكِتابِ في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿يا أهْلَ الكِتابِ هَلْ تَنْقِمُونَ مِنّا﴾ الآيَةَ. وقُرِئَ بِالجَرِّ عَطْفًا عَلى المَوْصُولِ الأخِيرِ، ويَعْضُدُهُ قِراءَةُ أُبَيٍّ: ( ومِنَ الكُفّارِ )، وقِراءَةُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: ( ومِنَ الَّذِينَ أشْرَكُوا )، فَهم أيْضًا مِن جُمْلَةِ المُسْتَهْزِئِينَ.
﴿أوْلِياءَ﴾ وجانِبُوهم كُلَّ المُجانَبَةِ.
﴿واتَّقُوا اللَّهَ﴾ في ذَلِكَ بِتَرْكِ مُوالاتِهِمْ، أوْ بِتَرْكِ المَناهِي عَلى الإطْلاقِ، فَيَدْخُلُ فِيهِ تَرْكُ مُوالاتِهِمْ دُخُولًا أوَّلِيًّا.
﴿إنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ﴾؛ أيْ: حَقًّا، فَإنَّ قَضِيَّةَ الإيمانِ تُوجِبُ الِاتِّقاءَ لا مَحالَةَ.
Page 117
5:51
۞ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَۘ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمۡ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٥١
O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is [one] of them. Indeed, Allāh guides not the wrongdoing people.
5:52
فَتَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِيهِمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَخۡشَىٰٓ أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَآئِرَةٞۚ فَعَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَأۡتِيَ بِٱلۡفَتۡحِ أَوۡ أَمۡرٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦ فَيُصۡبِحُواْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَسَرُّواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ نَٰدِمِينَ ٥٢
So you see those in whose hearts is disease [i.e., hypocrisy] hastening into [association with] them, saying, "We are afraid a misfortune may strike us." But perhaps Allāh will bring conquest or a decision from Him, and they will become, over what they have been concealing within themselves, regretful.
5:53
وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ٱلَّذِينَ أَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ إِنَّهُمۡ لَمَعَكُمۡۚ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ ٥٣
And those who believe will say,1 "Are these the ones who swore by Allāh their strongest oaths that indeed they were with you?" Their deeds have become worthless, and they have become losers.
1 translator’s note
- About the hypocrites after their exposure. ↩
5:54
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَن يَرۡتَدَّ مِنكُمۡ عَن دِينِهِۦ فَسَوۡفَ يَأۡتِي ٱللَّهُ بِقَوۡمٖ يُحِبُّهُمۡ وَيُحِبُّونَهُۥٓ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ يُجَٰهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ لَوۡمَةَ لَآئِمٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ يُؤۡتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ ٥٤
O you who have believed, whoever of you should revert from his religion - Allāh will bring forth [in place of them] a people He will love and who will love Him [who are] humble toward the believers, strong against the disbelievers; they strive in the cause of Allāh and do not fear the blame of a critic. That is the favor of Allāh; He bestows it upon whom He wills. And Allāh is all-Encompassing and Knowing.
5:55
إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُمۡ رَٰكِعُونَ ٥٥
Your ally is none but Allāh and [therefore] His Messenger and those who have believed - those who establish prayer and give zakāh, and they bow [in worship].
5:56
وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزۡبَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبُونَ ٥٦
And whoever is an ally of Allāh and His Messenger and those who have believed - indeed, the party of Allāh - they will be the predominant.
5:57
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ دِينَكُمۡ هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَٱلۡكُفَّارَ أَوۡلِيَآءَۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٥٧
O you who have believed, take not those who have taken your religion in ridicule and amusement among the ones who were given the Scripture before you nor the disbelievers as allies. And fear Allāh, if you should [truly] be believers.