Al-Ma'idah 5:80
The Table Spread · Juz 6 · Page 121
تَرَىٰ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا قَدَّمَتۡ لَهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ أَن سَخِطَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَفِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ هُمۡ خَٰلِدُونَ ٨٠
You see many of them becoming allies of those who disbelieved [i.e., the polytheists]. How wretched is that which they have put forth for themselves in that Allāh has become angry with them, and in the punishment they will abide eternally.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Al-Mawardi
Medium
Change
Commentary on 5:76–86
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿لَتَجِدَنَّ أشَدَّ النّاسِ عَداوَةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اليَهُودَ والَّذِينَ أشْرَكُوا﴾ يَعْنِي عَبَدَةَ الأوْثانِ مِنَ العَرَبِ، تَمالَأ الفَرِيقانِ عَلى عَداوَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. ﴿وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أقْرَبَهم مَوَدَّةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ قالُوا إنّا نَصارى﴾ لَيْسَ هَذا عَلى العُمُومِ، وإنَّما هو خاصٌّ، وفِيهِ قَوْلانِ: أحَدُهُما: عَنى بِذَلِكَ النَّجاشِيَّ وأصْحابَهُ لَمّا أسْلَمُوا، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ، وسَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ.
والثّانِي: أنَّهم قَوْمٌ مِنَ النَّصارى كانُوا عَلى الحَقِّ مُتَمَسِّكِينَ بِشَرِيعَةِ عِيسى عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، فَلَمّا بُعِثَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ آمَنُوا بِهِ، قالَهُ قَتادَةُ.
﴿ذَلِكَ بِأنَّ مِنهم قِسِّيسِينَ ورُهْبانًا﴾ واحِدُ القِسِّيسِينَ قَسٌّ، مِن قَسَّ وهُمُ العُبّادُ.
وَواحِدُ الرُّهْبانِ راهِبٌ، وهُمُ الزُّهّادُ.
﴿وَأنَّهم لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ﴾ يَعْنِي عَنِ الإذْعانِ لِلْحَقِّ إذا لَزِمَ، ولِلْحُجَّةِ إذا قامَتْ.
وَفي قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿فاكْتُبْنا مَعَ الشّاهِدِينَ﴾ وجْهانِ: أحَدُهُما: مَعَ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ الَّذِينَ يَشْهَدُونَ بِالحَقِّ، كَما قالَ تَعالى: ﴿لِتَكُونُوا شُهَداءَ عَلى النّاسِ﴾ [البَقَرَةَ: ١٤٣]، قالَهُ ابْنُ عَبّاسٍ، وابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ.
والثّانِي: يَعْنِي الَّذِينَ يَشْهَدُونَ بِالإيمانِ، قالَهُ الحَسَنُ.
Page 121
5:77
قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَا تَغۡلُواْ فِي دِينِكُمۡ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوٓاْ أَهۡوَآءَ قَوۡمٖ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ مِن قَبۡلُ وَأَضَلُّواْ كَثِيرٗا وَضَلُّواْ عَن سَوَآءِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ ٧٧
Say, "O People of the Scripture, do not exceed limits in your religion beyond the truth and do not follow the inclinations of a people who had gone astray before and misled many and have strayed from the soundness of the way."
5:78
لُعِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۢ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ عَلَىٰ لِسَانِ دَاوُۥدَ وَعِيسَى ٱبۡنِ مَرۡيَمَۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ٧٨
Cursed were those who disbelieved among the Children of Israel by the tongue of David and of Jesus, the son of Mary. That was because they disobeyed and [habitually] transgressed.
5:79
كَانُواْ لَا يَتَنَاهَوۡنَ عَن مُّنكَرٖ فَعَلُوهُۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَفۡعَلُونَ ٧٩
They used not to prevent one another from wrongdoing that they did. How wretched was that which they were doing.
5:80
تَرَىٰ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا قَدَّمَتۡ لَهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ أَن سَخِطَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَفِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ هُمۡ خَٰلِدُونَ ٨٠
You see many of them becoming allies of those who disbelieved [i.e., the polytheists]. How wretched is that which they have put forth for themselves in that Allāh has become angry with them, and in the punishment they will abide eternally.
5:81
وَلَوۡ كَانُواْ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلنَّبِيِّ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِ مَا ٱتَّخَذُوهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ وَلَٰكِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨١
And if they had believed in Allāh and the Prophet and in what was revealed to him, they would not have taken them as allies; but many of them are defiantly disobedient.
5:82
۞ لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ ٱلنَّاسِ عَدَٰوَةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُواْۖ وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقۡرَبَهُم مَّوَدَّةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهۡبَانٗا وَأَنَّهُمۡ لَا يَسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ ٨٢
You will surely find the most intense of the people in animosity toward the believers [to be] the Jews and those who associate others with Allāh; and you will find the nearest of them in affection to the believers those who say, "We are Christians." That is because among them are priests and monks and because they are not arrogant.