Al-Qamar 54:45
The Moon · Juz 27 · Page 530
سَيُهۡزَمُ ٱلۡجَمۡعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ ٱلدُّبُرَ ٤٥
[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].1
1 translator’s note
- This foretold event took place on the day of Badr. ↩
Tafsir · in Arabic
At-Tabari
Detailed · The early generations' views, with their chains.
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Commentary on 54:45
كما حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى, قال: ثنا ابن ثور, عن معمر, عن أيوب قال: لا أعلمه إلا عن عكرمة أن عمر قال لما نـزلت ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ ) جعلت أقول: أيّ جمع يهزم؟ فلما كان يوم بدر رأيت النبي صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم يثب في الدرع ويقول : ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ) .
حدثنا ابن حُميد, قال: ثنا مهران, عن أبي جعفر, عن الربيع بن أنس ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ) قال: يوم بدر.
قال ثنا يحيى بن واضح, قال: ثنا الحسين, عن يزيد, عن عكرِمة, قوله ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ ) يعني جمع بدر ( وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ) .
حدثنا بشر, قال: ثنا يزيد, قال: ثنا سعيد, عن قتادة, قوله ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ ) ...الآية ذُكر لنا أن نبيّ الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم قال يوم بدر " هزموا وولوا الدبر ".
حدثني يونس, قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب, قال: قال ابن زيد, في قوله ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ) قال: هذا يوم بدر.
حدثني يعقوب بن إبراهيم, قال: ثنا ابن علية, قال: ثنا أيوب, عن عكرِمة, أن رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم : " كان يثب في الدرع ويقول: هُزِمَ الجَمْعُ وَوَلَّوُا الدُّبُرَ".
حدثني إسحاق بن شاهين, قال: ثنا خالد بن عبد الله, عن داود, عن عليّ بن أبي طلحة, عن ابن عباس ( سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ ) قال: كان ذلك يوم بدر. قال: قالوا نحن جمع منتصر, قال: فنـزلت هذه الآية.
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54:28
وَنَبِّئۡهُمۡ أَنَّ ٱلۡمَآءَ قِسۡمَةُۢ بَيۡنَهُمۡۖ كُلُّ شِرۡبٖ مُّحۡتَضَرٞ ٢٨
And inform them that the water is shared between them,1 each [day of] drink attended [by turn].
1 translator’s note
- i.e., between the tribe of Thamūd and the she-camel - a day for each to drink. ↩
54:29
فَنَادَوۡاْ صَاحِبَهُمۡ فَتَعَاطَىٰ فَعَقَرَ ٢٩
But they called their companion,1 and he dared2 and hamstrung [her].
54:30
فَكَيۡفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٠
And how [severe] were My punishment and warning.
54:31
إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَكَانُواْ كَهَشِيمِ ٱلۡمُحۡتَظِرِ ٣١
Indeed, We sent upon them one shriek [i.e., blast from the sky], and they became like the dry twig fragments of an [animal] pen.
54:32
وَلَقَدۡ يَسَّرۡنَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ لِلذِّكۡرِ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرٖ ٣٢
And We have certainly made the Qur’ān easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?
54:33
كَذَّبَتۡ قَوۡمُ لُوطِۭ بِٱلنُّذُرِ ٣٣
The people of Lot denied the warning.
54:34
إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَاصِبًا إِلَّآ ءَالَ لُوطٖۖ نَّجَّيۡنَٰهُم بِسَحَرٖ ٣٤
Indeed, We sent upon them a storm of stones, except the family of Lot - We saved them before dawn.
54:35
نِّعۡمَةٗ مِّنۡ عِندِنَاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي مَن شَكَرَ ٣٥
As favor from Us. Thus do We reward he who is grateful.
54:36
وَلَقَدۡ أَنذَرَهُم بَطۡشَتَنَا فَتَمَارَوۡاْ بِٱلنُّذُرِ ٣٦
And he had already warned them of Our assault, but they disputed the warning.
54:37
وَلَقَدۡ رَٰوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيۡفِهِۦ فَطَمَسۡنَآ أَعۡيُنَهُمۡ فَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٧
And they had demanded from him his guests, but We obliterated their eyes, [saying], "Taste My punishment and warning."
54:38
وَلَقَدۡ صَبَّحَهُم بُكۡرَةً عَذَابٞ مُّسۡتَقِرّٞ ٣٨
And there came upon them by morning an abiding punishment.
54:39
فَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ ٣٩
So taste My punishment and warning.
54:40
وَلَقَدۡ يَسَّرۡنَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ لِلذِّكۡرِ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرٖ ٤٠
And We have certainly made the Qur’ān easy for remembrance, so is there any who will remember?
54:41
وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ ٱلنُّذُرُ ٤١
And there certainly came to the people of Pharaoh warning.
54:42
كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُمۡ أَخۡذَ عَزِيزٖ مُّقۡتَدِرٍ ٤٢
They denied Our signs, all of them, so We seized them with a seizure of one Exalted in Might and Perfect in Ability.
54:43
أَكُفَّارُكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡ أُوْلَٰٓئِكُمۡ أَمۡ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٞ فِي ٱلزُّبُرِ ٤٣
Are your disbelievers better than those [former ones], or have you immunity in the scriptures?
54:44
أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَحۡنُ جَمِيعٞ مُّنتَصِرٞ ٤٤
Or do they say, "We are an assembly supporting [each other]"?
54:45
سَيُهۡزَمُ ٱلۡجَمۡعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ ٱلدُّبُرَ ٤٥
[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].1
1 translator’s note
- This foretold event took place on the day of Badr. ↩
54:46
بَلِ ٱلسَّاعَةُ مَوۡعِدُهُمۡ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ أَدۡهَىٰ وَأَمَرُّ ٤٦
But the Hour is their appointment [for due punishment], and the Hour is more disastrous and more bitter.
54:47
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ فِي ضَلَٰلٖ وَسُعُرٖ ٤٧
Indeed, the criminals are in error and madness.1.
1 translator’s note
- Or "in blazing fires." ↩
54:48
يَوۡمَ يُسۡحَبُونَ فِي ٱلنَّارِ عَلَىٰ وُجُوهِهِمۡ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ ٤٨
The Day they are dragged into the Fire on their faces [it will be said], "Taste the touch of Saqar."1
1 translator’s note
- One of the proper names of Hell. ↩
54:49
إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقۡنَٰهُ بِقَدَرٖ ٤٩
Indeed, all things We created with predestination.