Al-Mujadila 58:11
The Pleading Woman · Juz 28 · Page 543
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمۡ تَفَسَّحُواْ فِي ٱلۡمَجَٰلِسِ فَٱفۡسَحُواْ يَفۡسَحِ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ ٱنشُزُواْ فَٱنشُزُواْ يَرۡفَعِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ دَرَجَٰتٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١١
O you who have believed, when you are told, "Space yourselves" in assemblies, then make space; Allāh will make space for you.1 And when you are told, "Arise,"2 then arise; Allāh will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allāh is Aware of what you do.
Tafsir · in Arabic
Abu as-Su'ud
Detailed
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Commentary on 58:11
﴿يا أيُّها الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إذا قِيلَ لَكم تَفَسَّحُوا﴾ أيْ: تَوَسَّعُوا ولِيُفْسِحْ بَعْضُكم عَنْ بَعْضٍ ولا تَتَضامُّوا مِن قَوْلِهِمْ: أفْسِحْ عَنِّي أيْ: تَنَحَّ، وقُرِئَ "تَفاسَحُوا"، وقَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿فِي المَجالِسِ﴾ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِـ"قِيلَ" وقُرِئَ "فِي المَجْلِسِ" عَلى أنَّ المُرادَ بِهِ الجِنْسُ، وقِيلَ: مَجْلِسُ الرَّسُولِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ وكانُوا يَتَضامُّونَ تَنافُسًا في القُرْبِ مِنهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ وحِرْصًا عَلى اسْتِماعِ كَلامِهِ، وقِيلَ: هو المَجْلِسُ مِن مَجالِسِ القِتالِ وهي مَراكِزُ الغُزاةِ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿مَقاعِدَ لِلْقِتالِ﴾ قِيلَ: كانَ الرَّجُلُ يَأْتِي الصَّفَّ ويَقُولُ تَفَسَّحُوا فَيَأْبَوْنَ لِحِرْصِهِمْ عَلى الشَّهادَةِ، وقُرِئَ "فِي المَجْلَسِ" بِفَتْحِ اللّامِ فَهو مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِـ"تَفَسَّحُوا" قَطْعًا أيْ: تَوَسَّعُوا في جُلُوسِكم ولا تَتَضايَقُوا فِيهِ.
﴿فافْسَحُوا يَفْسَحِ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ﴾ أيْ: في كُلِّ ما تُرِيدُونَ التَّفَسُّحَ فِيهِ مِنَ المَكانِ والرِّزْقِ والصَّدْرِ والقَبْرِ وغَيْرِها.
﴿وَإذا قِيلَ انْشُزُوا﴾ أيِ: انْهَضُوا لِلتَّوْسِعَةِ عَلى المُقْبِلِينَ أوْ لِما أُمِرْتُمْ بِهِ مِن صَلاةٍ أوْ جِهادٍ أوْ غَيْرِهِما مِن أعْمالِ الخَيْرِ.
﴿فانْشُزُوا﴾ فانْهَضُوا ولا تَتَثَبَّطُوا ولا تُفَرِّطُوا، وقُرِئَ بِكَسْرِ الشِّينِ.
﴿يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْ﴾ بِالنَّصْرِ وحُسْنِ الذِّكْرِ في الدُّنْيا والإيواءِ إلى غُرَفِ الجِنانِ في الآخِرَةِ.
﴿والَّذِينَ أُوتُوا العِلْمَ﴾ مِنهم خُصُوصًا.
﴿دَرَجاتٍ﴾ عالِيَةً بِما جَمَعُوا مِن أثَرَتِي العِلْمِ والعَمَلِ فَإنَّ العِلْمَ مَعَ عُلُوِّ رُتْبَتِهِ يَقْتَضِي العَمَلَ المَقْرُونَ بِهِ مَزِيدُ رِفْعَةٍ لا يُدْرِكُ شَأْوَهُ العَمَلُ العارِي عَنْهُ وإنْ كانَ في غايَةِ الصَّلاحِ ولِذَلِكَ يُقْتَدى بِالعالِمِ في أفْعالِهِ ولا يُقْتَدى بِغَيْرِهِ، وفي الحَدِيثِ « "فَضْلُ العالَمِ عَلى العابِدِ كَفَضْلِ القَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ البَدْرِ عَلى سائِرِ الكَواكِبِ".» ﴿واللَّه بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ﴾ تَهْدِيدٌ لِمَن لَمْ يَتَمَثَّلْ بِالأمْرِ، وقُرِئَ "يَعْمَلُونَ" بِالياءِ التَّحْتانِيَّةِ.
Page 543
58:7
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا يَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَيۡنَ مَا كَانُواْۖ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ٧
Have you not considered that Allāh knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There are not three in a private conversation but that He is the fourth of them,1 nor are there five but that He is the sixth of them - and no less than that and no more except that He is with them [in knowledge] wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allāh is, of all things, Knowing.
1 translator’s note
- Through His knowledge of them and their secrets. ↩
58:8
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَوۡلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٨
Have you not considered those who were forbidden from private conversation [i.e., ridicule and conspiracy] and then return to that which they were forbidden and converse among themselves about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger? And when they come to you, they greet you with that [word] by which Allāh does not greet you1 and say among themselves, "Why does Allāh not punish us for what we say?" Sufficient for them is Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the destination.
1 translator’s note
- This is in reference to the Jews who would greet the Muslims with the words "Death be upon you," rather than "Peace." ↩
58:9
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَنَٰجَيۡتُمۡ فَلَا تَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٩
O you who have believed, when you converse privately, do not converse about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger but converse about righteousness and piety. And fear Allāh, to whom you will be gathered.
58:10
إِنَّمَا ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ لِيَحۡزُنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيۡسَ بِضَآرِّهِمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠
Private conversation is only from Satan that he may grieve those who have believed,1 but he will not harm them at all except by permission of Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
1 translator’s note
- The reference may be to the sinful type of conversation, as mentioned in the previous verses, or to the practice of two persons speaking in confidence in the presence of a third, which might lead him to assume that he is the subject of their conversation. Such behavior was prohibited by the Prophet (ﷺ) in narrations of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. ↩
58:11
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمۡ تَفَسَّحُواْ فِي ٱلۡمَجَٰلِسِ فَٱفۡسَحُواْ يَفۡسَحِ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ ٱنشُزُواْ فَٱنشُزُواْ يَرۡفَعِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ دَرَجَٰتٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١١
O you who have believed, when you are told, "Space yourselves" in assemblies, then make space; Allāh will make space for you.1 And when you are told, "Arise,"2 then arise; Allāh will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allāh is Aware of what you do.