Al-Mujadila 58:8
The Pleading Woman · Juz 28 · Page 543
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَوۡلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٨
Have you not considered those who were forbidden from private conversation [i.e., ridicule and conspiracy] and then return to that which they were forbidden and converse among themselves about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger? And when they come to you, they greet you with that [word] by which Allāh does not greet you1 and say among themselves, "Why does Allāh not punish us for what we say?" Sufficient for them is Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the destination.
1 translator’s note
- This is in reference to the Jews who would greet the Muslims with the words "Death be upon you," rather than "Peace." ↩
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Commentary on 58:8
٨ - ﴿أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ﴾ تعجيب له ﷺ من اليهود والمنافقين، فقد كانوا يتناجون فيما بينهم، حتى يظنّ المؤمن أنهم يتناجون بقتله أو بما يكره، من سوء أو شرّ ﴿ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ﴾ وذلك أن النبي ﷺ نهاهم عن النجوى، فلم ينتهوا، وعادوا لما نُهوا عنه، فنزلت الآية. أخرجه ابن أبي حاتم عن مجاهد ومقاتل بن حيّان.﴿وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ﴾ أي: يتحدّثون فيما بينهم سرّا بالاثم، كالكذب، والظلم، وغيبة المؤمنين، وأذاهم، ونحو ذلك. [وفي قراءة (وينْتَجون بالإثم)] ﴿وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ﴾ وهو ما فيه عدوان على المؤمنين،وظلم لهم ﴿وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ﴾ أي: مخالفته ومشاقّته ومعاداته، حيث يصرّون عليها، ويتواصون بها.﴿وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ﴾ أيها النبي ﴿كَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ﴾.فقد كان اليهود إذا جاؤوا للنبي ﷺ يحيّونه بقولهم: السّام عليكم، يوهمون السّلام ظاهراً، ويعنون الموت باطناً، فيقول النبي ﷺ: «وعليكم» – رواه البخاري ومسلم - وهو يعلم ما يعنون، فنزلت الآية.وعن ابن عباس قال: كان المنافقون يقولون لرسول الله ﷺ إذا حيّوه: سام عليك.﴿وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ﴾ استهزاءً إذا خرجوا من عنده ﷺ: ﴿لَوۡلَا﴾ أي: هلاّ ﴿يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ﴾ أي: بسبب ذلك القول لو كان محمّد نبيّاً؟ أي: لو كان نبيّا حقّا، لعذبنا الله بما نقول، وأسند في الآية فعل البعض إلى اليهود والمنافقين جميعاً، لرضاهم به.أخرج أحمد والبزّار والطبراني – بسند جيد – عن عبد الله بن عمرو: أن اليهود كانوا يقولون لرسول الله ﷺ: سام عليكم، ثم يقولون في أنفسهم: لولا يعذّبنا الله بما نقول؟ فنزلت الآية. و في الباب: عن أنس عند الطبري وعائشة عند البخاري.قال تعالى: ﴿حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ﴾ عذاباً، أي: كافيهم عذابُها في الآخرة، عن عذاب الدنيا، ﴿يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ﴾ أي: يدخلونها، أو يقاسون حرّها ﴿فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ﴾ أي: المرجع والمآل هي.
Page 543
58:7
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ مَا يَكُونُ مِن نَّجۡوَىٰ ثَلَٰثَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمۡ وَلَا خَمۡسَةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡثَرَ إِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمۡ أَيۡنَ مَا كَانُواْۖ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ٧
Have you not considered that Allāh knows what is in the heavens and what is on the earth? There are not three in a private conversation but that He is the fourth of them,1 nor are there five but that He is the sixth of them - and no less than that and no more except that He is with them [in knowledge] wherever they are. Then He will inform them of what they did on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allāh is, of all things, Knowing.
1 translator’s note
- Through His knowledge of them and their secrets. ↩
58:8
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نُهُواْ عَنِ ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا نُهُواْ عَنۡهُ وَيَتَنَٰجَوۡنَ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۖ وَإِذَا جَآءُوكَ حَيَّوۡكَ بِمَا لَمۡ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ ٱللَّهُ وَيَقُولُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَوۡلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا ٱللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُۚ حَسۡبُهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٨
Have you not considered those who were forbidden from private conversation [i.e., ridicule and conspiracy] and then return to that which they were forbidden and converse among themselves about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger? And when they come to you, they greet you with that [word] by which Allāh does not greet you1 and say among themselves, "Why does Allāh not punish us for what we say?" Sufficient for them is Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the destination.
1 translator’s note
- This is in reference to the Jews who would greet the Muslims with the words "Death be upon you," rather than "Peace." ↩
58:9
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا تَنَٰجَيۡتُمۡ فَلَا تَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَمَعۡصِيَتِ ٱلرَّسُولِ وَتَنَٰجَوۡاْ بِٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٩
O you who have believed, when you converse privately, do not converse about sin and aggression and disobedience to the Messenger but converse about righteousness and piety. And fear Allāh, to whom you will be gathered.
58:10
إِنَّمَا ٱلنَّجۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ لِيَحۡزُنَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَيۡسَ بِضَآرِّهِمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠
Private conversation is only from Satan that he may grieve those who have believed,1 but he will not harm them at all except by permission of Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
1 translator’s note
- The reference may be to the sinful type of conversation, as mentioned in the previous verses, or to the practice of two persons speaking in confidence in the presence of a third, which might lead him to assume that he is the subject of their conversation. Such behavior was prohibited by the Prophet (ﷺ) in narrations of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. ↩
58:11
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمۡ تَفَسَّحُواْ فِي ٱلۡمَجَٰلِسِ فَٱفۡسَحُواْ يَفۡسَحِ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِذَا قِيلَ ٱنشُزُواْ فَٱنشُزُواْ يَرۡفَعِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ دَرَجَٰتٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١١
O you who have believed, when you are told, "Space yourselves" in assemblies, then make space; Allāh will make space for you.1 And when you are told, "Arise,"2 then arise; Allāh will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees. And Allāh is Aware of what you do.