Al-Hashr 59:11
The Exile · Juz 28 · Page 547
۞ أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْ يَقُولُونَ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَئِنۡ أُخۡرِجۡتُمۡ لَنَخۡرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمۡ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمۡ أَحَدًا أَبَدٗا وَإِن قُوتِلۡتُمۡ لَنَنصُرَنَّكُمۡ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡهَدُ إِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ١١
Have you not considered those who practice hypocrisy, saying to their brothers [i.e., associates] who have disbelieved among the People of the Scripture, "If you are expelled, we will surely leave with you, and we will not obey, in regard to you, anyone - ever; and if you are fought, we will surely aid you." But Allāh testifies that they are liars.
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Commentary on 59:11
قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿ألَمْ تَرَ إلى الَّذِينَ نافَقُوا يَقُولُونَ لِإخْوانِهِمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن أهْلِ الكِتابِ لَئِنْ أُخْرِجْتُمْ لَنَخْرُجَنَّ مَعَكم ولا نُطِيعُ فِيكم أحَدًا أبَدًا وإنْ قُوتِلْتُمْ لَنَنْصُرَنَّكم واللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إنَّهم لَكاذِبُونَ﴾ قالَ المُقاتِلانِ: يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ، وعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ نَبْتَلَ، ورِفاعَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، كانُوا مِنَ الأنْصارِ، ولَكِنَّهم نافَقُوا يَقُولُونَ لِإخْوانِهِمْ، وهَذِهِ الأُخُوَّةُ تَحْتَمِلُ وُجُوهًا:
أحَدُها: الأُخُوَّةُ في الكُفْرِ؛ لِأنَّ اليَهُودَ والمُنافِقِينَ كانُوا مُشْتَرِكِينَ في عُمُومِ الكُفْرِ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ .
وثانِيها: الأُخُوَّةُ بِسَبَبِ المُصادَقَةِ والمُوالاةِ والمُعاوَنَةِ.
وثالِثُها: الأُخُوَّةُ بِسَبَبِ ما بَيْنَهُما مِنَ المُشارَكَةِ في عَداوَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، ثُمَّ أخْبَرَ تَعالى عَنْهم أنَّهم قالُوا لِلْيَهُودِ: ﴿لَئِنْ أُخْرِجْتُمْ﴾ مِنَ المَدِينَةِ ﴿لَنَخْرُجَنَّ مَعَكم ولا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمْ﴾ أيْ: في خِذْلانِكم ﴿أحَدًا أبَدًا﴾ ووَعَدُوهُمُ النَّصْرَ أيْضًا بِقَوْلِهِمْ: ﴿وإنْ قُوتِلْتُمْ لَنَنْصُرَنَّكُمْ﴾ ثُمَّ إنَّهُ تَعالى شَهِدَ عَلى كَوْنِهِمْ كاذِبِينَ في هَذا القَوْلِ، فَقالَ: ﴿واللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إنَّهم لَكاذِبُونَ﴾ .
Page 547
59:10
وَٱلَّذِينَ جَآءُو مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا ٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا وَلِإِخۡوَٰنِنَا ٱلَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ وَلَا تَجۡعَلۡ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلّٗا لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٌ ١٠
And [there is a share for] those who come after them, saying, "Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith and put not in our hearts [any] resentment toward those who have believed. Our Lord, indeed You are Kind and Merciful."
59:11
۞ أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْ يَقُولُونَ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَئِنۡ أُخۡرِجۡتُمۡ لَنَخۡرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمۡ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمۡ أَحَدًا أَبَدٗا وَإِن قُوتِلۡتُمۡ لَنَنصُرَنَّكُمۡ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡهَدُ إِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ١١
Have you not considered those who practice hypocrisy, saying to their brothers [i.e., associates] who have disbelieved among the People of the Scripture, "If you are expelled, we will surely leave with you, and we will not obey, in regard to you, anyone - ever; and if you are fought, we will surely aid you." But Allāh testifies that they are liars.
59:12
لَئِنۡ أُخۡرِجُواْ لَا يَخۡرُجُونَ مَعَهُمۡ وَلَئِن قُوتِلُواْ لَا يَنصُرُونَهُمۡ وَلَئِن نَّصَرُوهُمۡ لَيُوَلُّنَّ ٱلۡأَدۡبَٰرَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ ١٢
If they are expelled, they will not leave with them, and if they are fought, they will not aid them. And [even] if they should aid them, they will surely turn their backs; then [thereafter] they will not be aided.
59:13
لَأَنتُمۡ أَشَدُّ رَهۡبَةٗ فِي صُدُورِهِم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ ١٣
You [believers] are more fearful within their breasts than Allāh. That is because they are a people who do not understand.
59:14
لَا يُقَٰتِلُونَكُمۡ جَمِيعًا إِلَّا فِي قُرٗى مُّحَصَّنَةٍ أَوۡ مِن وَرَآءِ جُدُرِۭۚ بَأۡسُهُم بَيۡنَهُمۡ شَدِيدٞۚ تَحۡسَبُهُمۡ جَمِيعٗا وَقُلُوبُهُمۡ شَتَّىٰۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَعۡقِلُونَ ١٤
They will not fight you all except within fortified cities or from behind walls. Their violence [i.e., enmity] among themselves is severe. You think they are together, but their hearts are diverse. That is because they are a people who do not reason.
59:15
كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ قَرِيبٗاۖ ذَاقُواْ وَبَالَ أَمۡرِهِمۡ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١٥
[Theirs is] like the example of those shortly before them: they tasted the bad consequence of their affair, and they will have a painful punishment.
59:16
كَمَثَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ إِذۡ قَالَ لِلۡإِنسَٰنِ ٱكۡفُرۡ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيٓءٞ مِّنكَ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٦
[The hypocrites are] like the example of Satan when he says to man, "Disbelieve." But when he disbelieves, he says, "Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I fear Allāh, Lord of the worlds."